Cause of most abrupt historic climate change identified in rock deposits.
doi:10.1038/7195xia
Table of contents
Volume 453 Number 7195 pp563-696
(this content only available online) indicates content that is available online only
Making the paper: Martin Kennedy pxi
Abstractions pxi
doi:10.1038/7195xib
From the blogosphere pxi
doi:10.1038/7195xic
Top of page
Editorials
Who are we? p563
Efforts to catalogue and understand the human microbiome are opening up a whole new research frontier. But the earlier Human Genome Project should provide a cautionary lesson about overselling.
doi:10.1038/453563a
Animal tests inescapable p563
The ambitious scope of Europe's chemicals legislation demands some innovative toxicology.
doi:10.1038/453563b
Linking up development p564
An initiative to link scientists in the poorest nations with colleagues around the world deserves support.
doi:10.1038/453564a
Top of page
Research Highlights
Zoology: Pretty good p566
doi:10.1038/453566a
Cell biology: Bean counting p566
doi:10.1038/453566b
Theoretical physics: Better out than in p566
doi:10.1038/453566c
Genetics: Tiger-mice p566
doi:10.1038/453566d
Nanotechnology: Nanozapped p566
doi:10.1038/453566e
Physical chemistry: Growing up bigger p567
doi:10.1038/453567a
Genetics: Genes with bottle p567
doi:10.1038/453567b
Geophysics: The heat is on p567
doi:10.1038/453567c
Genetics: The sweet life p567
doi:10.1038/453567d
Microbiology: Inner lives p567
doi:10.1038/453567e
Top of page
News
Venerable institute gets a refit p568
Britain's Royal Institution reopens for business.
Matt Brown
doi:10.1038/453568a
Climate anomaly is an artefact p569
Glitch in the twentieth-century climate record is explained.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/453569a
Genetic testing for everyone p570
Private companies are starting to test customers' DNA for gene variants linked to an increased risk of conditions such as obesity or Alzheimer's disease. Helen Pearson looks at whether knowledge really is power when it comes to disease avoidance.
Helen Pearson
doi:10.1038/453570a
France's research agency splits up p573
CNRS is being carved up into separate institutes.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/453573a
The oldest pregnant mum p575
Devonian fossilized fish contains an embryo.
Carina Dennis
doi:10.1038/453575a
Sidelines p575
Scribbles on the margins of science.
doi:10.1038/453575b
Phoenix prepares for work after safe landing on Mars p576
doi:10.1038/453576a
Norway's first Kavlis take on Nobel prizes p576
doi:10.1038/453576b
Plug pulled on stellarator fusion project p577
doi:10.1038/453577a
Funding boost for B-cell-based HIV vaccine research p577
doi:10.1038/453577b
Japan to allow limited human embryonic cloning p577
doi:10.1038/453577c
Correction p577
doi:10.1038/453577d
Top of page
News Features
Microbiology: The inside story p578
The human body teems with microbes. Asher Mullard looks at the global efforts to catalogue this vast 'microbiome'.
doi:10.1038/453578a
Microbiology: Straight from the gut p581
Apoorva Mandavilli meets the surgeons who have a rare opportunity to watch an ecosystem being established as they transplant guts from one person to another.
doi:10.1038/453581a
Origins of Death p583
Programmed cell death is usually seen as the unique prerogative of plants and animals. So how is it that photosynthetic plankton have been killing themselves by uncannily similar methods for billions of years? Nick Lane investigates.
doi:10.1038/453583a
Top of page
Correspondence
Increasing use of stimulants warns of potential abuse p586
Costa Rica's biotech project still on track for end of year p586
A prime problem that even quantum computing can't solve p586
Analyses support theory of stochastic regulation of fisheries p586
If you don't need change, maybe you don't need sex p587
Ancient asexuals: darwinulids not exposed p587
Time to break the silence around virtual-water imports p587
Top of page
Commentary
Retiring retirement p588
The United States and Australia have done away with this archaic practice. Peter Lawrence says it is time to end mandatory retirement worldwide.
Peter A. Lawrence
doi:10.1038/453588a
Top of page
Books and Arts
Vivisectionists strike back p592
The complex issue of animal experimentation should not be dumbed down in the face of violent opposition, argues Andrew Read, reviewing a new polemic on the US experience.
doi:10.1038/453592a
Moralist, meet scientist p593
doi:10.1038/453593a
Music grown from garden weeds p594
doi:10.1038/453594a
Reimagining the Royal Institution p595
The Royal Institution of Great Britain in London reopens this week after two years of renovations. Architect Terry Farrell explains how he rethought the institution's ethos.
Matt Brown
doi:10.1038/453595a
Seeing the smaller picture p596
Advances in imaging techniques are transforming microbiology into a science that is rich in visual imagery, harking back to biology's pre-darwinian origins.
Martin Kemp
doi:10.1038/453596a
Hidden treasures: Bologna's Poggi Palace p597
The exquisite obstetrics models on show in an Italian palace hint at its former multidisciplinary glories. Alison Abbott investigates the museum that was once home to a revolutionary institute of sciences.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/453597a
Top of page
Essay
Science & Music: The neural roots of music p598
Laurel Trainor explains how the emotional power of music depends on the structure of the ear, and on our basic encoding of information.
Laurel Trainor
doi:10.1038/453598a
Top of page
News and Views
気候変動: 気温バイアスの重大問題
Climate change: Hot questions of temperature bias p601
An unseen measurement bias has been identified in global records of sea surface temperature. The discrepancy will need correction, but will not affect conclusions about an overall warming trend.
Chris E. Forest & Richard W. Reynolds
doi:10.1038/453601a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (383K)
免疫学: 腸を落ち着かせる多糖
Immunology: Soothing intestinal sugars p602
The gut is a new frontier in microbiology, offering many opportunities for innovative investigation. The finding of one such study is that intestinal inflammation in mice can be tamed by bacterial sugars.
Marika C. Kullberg
doi:10.1038/453602a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (643K)
がん: 甘いささやき
Cancer: Whispering sweet somethings p604
That genetic mutations contribute to cancer is undisputed. What now emerges is that a cancer cell's microenvironment has a much stronger hand in the course a cancer takes than previously thought.
Thea Tlsty
doi:10.1038/453604a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (122K)
進化生物学: 小さな生物での性比
Evolutionary biology: Sex ratios writ small p605
The evolutionary theory of sex ratios should apply to all creatures, both great and small. Experimental studies of the proportions of male to female sex cells of malaria parasites deliver cheering results.
Jos. J. Schall
doi:10.1038/453605a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (121K)
数理物理学: きっちり詰めたり、緩く詰めたり
Mathematical physics: Packings close and loose p606
What determines how grains such as sand pack together to fill a space? A thoroughgoing investigation of how geometry and friction interact in such systems is a step towards a more general understanding.
Francesco Zamponi
doi:10.1038/453606a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (289K)
Top of page
Articles
マラリア原虫の性比調節と血縁識別
Sex ratio adjustment and kin discrimination in malaria parasites p609
Sarah E. Reece, Damien R. Drew & Andy Gardner
doi:10.1038/nature06954
ヒトA型インフルエンザウイルスのゲノム的、疫学的動態
The genomic and epidemiological dynamics of human influenza A virus p615
Andrew Rambaut, Oliver G. Pybus, Martha I. Nelson, Cecile Viboud, Jeffery K. Taubenberger & Edward C. Holmes
doi:10.1038/nature06945
微生物の共生因子は腸の炎症性疾患を防止する
A microbial symbiosis factor prevents intestinal inflammatory disease p620
Sarkis K. Mazmanian, June L. Round & Dennis L. Kasper
doi:10.1038/nature07008
Top of page
Angiogenesis selectively requires the p110
HP1-
Letters
マグネターSGR 1900+14を取り囲む赤外環
An infrared ring around the magnetar SGR 1900+14 p626
S. Wachter, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, V. V. Dwarkadas, C. Kouveliotou, J. Granot, S. K. Patel & D. Figer
doi:10.1038/nature06987
充填体の相図
A phase diagram for jammed matter p629
Chaoming Song, Ping Wang & Hernán A. Makse
doi:10.1038/nature06981
単一分子量子ドットの量子相転移
Quantum phase transition in a single-molecule quantum dot p633
Nicolas Roch, Serge Florens, Vincent Bouchiat, Wolfgang Wernsdorfer & Franck Balestro
doi:10.1038/nature06930
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,323K) | Supplementary information
反応性ファセットの割合が大きいアナターゼ型TiO2単結晶
Anatase TiO2 single crystals with a large percentage of reactive facets p638
Hua Gui Yang, Cheng Hua Sun, Shi Zhang Qiao, Jin Zou, Gang Liu, Sean Campbell Smith, Hui Ming Cheng & Gao Qing Lu
doi:10.1038/nature06964
赤道域の永久凍土層に含まれるメタンクラスレートの不安定化によるスノーボールアースの終焉
Snowball Earth termination by destabilization of equatorial permafrost methane clathrate p642
Martin Kennedy, David Mrofka & Chris von der Borch
doi:10.1038/nature06961
全球表面温度観測記録における20世紀半ばの大きな不連続箇所
A large discontinuity in the mid-twentieth century in observed global-mean surface temperature p646
David W. J. Thompson, John J. Kennedy, John M. Wallace & Phil D. Jones
doi:10.1038/nature06982
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (385K)
デボン紀の生仔出生
Live birth in the Devonian period p650
John A. Long, Kate Trinajstic, Gavin C. Young & Tim Senden
doi:10.1038/nature06966
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,127K) | Supplementary information
海洋地殻における微生物の個体数と多様性
Abundance and diversity of microbial life in ocean crust p653
Cara M. Santelli, Beth N. Orcutt, Erin Banning, Wolfgang Bach, Craig L. Moyer, Mitchell L. Sogin, Hubert Staudigel & Katrina J. Edwards
doi:10.1038/nature06899
機能的ゲノムスクリーニングによって明らかになった脂肪滴形成と利用にかかわる遺伝子
Functional genomic screen reveals genes involved in lipid-droplet formation and utilization p657
Yi Guo, Tobias C. Walther, Meghana Rao, Nico Stuurman, Gohta Goshima, Koji Terayama, Jinny S. Wong, Ronald D. Vale, Peter Walter & Robert V. Farese
doi:10.1038/nature06928
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,220K) | Supplementary information
血管新生では、内皮細胞移動の制御にPI3Kのp110αアイソフォームが選択的に必要とされる
Angiogenesis selectively requires the p110
isoform of PI3K to control endothelial cell migration p662
Mariona Graupera, Julie Guillermet-Guibert, Lazaros C. Foukas, Li-Kun Phng, Robert J. Cain, Ashreena Salpekar, Wayne Pearce, Stephen Meek, Jaime Millan, Pedro R. Cutillas, Andrew J. H. Smith, Anne J. Ridley, Christiana Ruhrberg, Holger Gerhardt & Bart Vanhaesebroeck
doi:10.1038/nature06892
インフルエンザウイルスに対する高親和性ヒトモノクローナル抗体の迅速なクローニング
Rapid cloning of high-affinity human monoclonal antibodies against influenza virus p667
Jens Wrammert, Kenneth Smith, Joe Miller, William A. Langley, Kenneth Kokko, Christian Larsen, Nai-Ying Zheng, Israel Mays, Lori Garman, Christina Helms, Judith James, Gillian M. Air, J. Donald Capra, Rafi Ahmed & Patrick C. Wilson
doi:10.1038/nature06890
CLEC5Aはデング熱ウイルスが誘発する致死性疾患で重要な役割を果たす
CLEC5A is critical for dengue-virus-induced lethal disease p672
Szu-Ting Chen, Yi-Ling Lin, Ming-Ting Huang, Ming-Fang Wu, Shih-Chin Cheng, Huan-Yao Lei, Chien-Kuo Lee, Tzyy-Wen Chiou, Chi-Huey Wong & Shie-Liang Hsieh
doi:10.1038/nature07013
一本鎖DNA結合タンパク質hSSB1はゲノムの安定性に極めて重要である
Single-stranded DNA-binding protein hSSB1 is critical for genomic stability p677
Derek J. Richard, Emma Bolderson, Liza Cubeddu, Ross I. M. Wadsworth, Kienan Savage, Girdhar G. Sharma, Matthew L. Nicolette, Sergie Tsvetanov, Michael J. McIlwraith, Raj K. Pandita, Shunichi Takeda, Ronald T. Hay, Jean Gautier, Stephen C. West, Tanya T. Paull, Tej K. Pandita, Malcolm F. White & Kum Kum Khanna
doi:10.1038/nature06883
HP1-βの可動化がクロマチンの変化を促進し、DNA損傷応答を開始させる
HP1-
mobilization promotes chromatin changes that initiate the DNA damage response p682
Nabieh Ayoub, Anand D. Jeyasekharan, Juan A. Bernal & Ashok R. Venkitaraman
doi:10.1038/nature06875
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,170K) | Supplementary information
Top of page
Technology Features
Metagenomics: Exploring unseen communities p687
Advances in sequencing technology and tools for analysis are allowing researchers to unravel the environmental diversity of microbes faster and in greater detail than ever before. Nathan Blow reports.
Nathan Blow
doi:10.1038/453687a
Metagenomics: Benchmarks and standards p687
doi:10.1038/453687b
Metagenomics: The human environment p689
doi:10.1038/453689a
Metagenomics: Table of suppliers p691
Top of page
Career View
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p693
Contemplating the contributions of, and discrimination against, scientists who are senior citizens.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7195-693a
Career View
Larry McKinney, director, Harte Research Institute for Gulf of Mexico Studies, Texas A&M University, Corpus Christi, Texas p694
Oceanographer heads to an institute in the Gulf of Mexico to look after America's third coast.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7195-694a
The softer side of science p694
Mastering soft skills helps master one's career.
Bernhard Sabel
doi:10.1038/nj7195-694b
Singapore's happiest person p694
Aspiring to emulate Singapore's happiest person.
Amanda Goh
doi:10.1038/nj7195-694c
