Imaging identifies the brain regions that make us optimistic.
doi:10.1038/7166xiiia
Table of contents
Volume 450 Number 7166 pp1-134
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Making the paper: Tali Sharot pxiii
Abstractions pxiii
doi:10.1038/7166xiiib
From the blogosphere pxiii
doi:10.1038/7166xiiic
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Editorials
Who is accountable? p1
How the responsibilities of co-authors for a scientific paper's integrity could be made more explicit.
doi:10.1038/450001a
In for the cull p1
A government that asks for independent scientific advice had best be ready to take it.
doi:10.1038/450001b
Because it's there p2
An Asian Moon race is neither particularly worrying nor especially inspiring.
doi:10.1038/450002a
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News
Model behaviour p6
The brain is no longer the black box it used to be, and neuroscientists are starting to put new knowledge to good use, developing better animal models for psychiatric disorders. Alison Abbott reports.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/450006a
Sidelines p8
White House adviser linked to cuts in climate-change report p8
Marburger accused of interfering with testimony.
Jeff Tollefson
doi:10.1038/450008b
Sponsor hunt divides geosciences union p9
Plans to approach ExxonMobil spark angry response.
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/450009a
Personalized genomes go mainstream p11
Companies prepare to offer a very personal service.
Erika Check Hayden
doi:10.1038/450011a
China blasts off on lunar exploration p12
India digs deep to build neutrino lab p13
Underground physics facility gets the green light.
K. S. Jayaraman
doi:10.1038/450013a
Syngenta shoot-out in Brazil leaves two dead p14
doi:10.1038/450014a
Nuclear-waste programme criticized by scientists p14
doi:10.1038/450014b
Lack of realism blamed for failed anthrax vaccine p14
doi:10.1038/450014c
Europe votes to legalize Afghan opium for medicine p14
doi:10.1038/450014d
Genotype data of families with autism are released p14
doi:10.1038/450014e
Sale of meteorite meets with stony silence p14
doi:10.1038/450014f
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Business
Mixed scores for European research p16
A survey shows positive trends for private-sector research and development in the European Union. But as Andrea Chipman reports, there's more to the data than meets the eye.
Andrea Chipman
doi:10.1038/450016a
Patents upheld p17
Steel count p17
Autonomy lost p17
Market watch p17
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News Features
古生物学：狭い視野
Palaeontology: Tunnel vision p18
Is blasting into a river bluff any way to do palaeontology? Alison Abbott reports on an unusual expedition into the Alaskan wilderness in search of the bones of polar dinosaurs.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/450018a
神経生理学：第六感
Neurophysiology: A Gut Feeling p21
When most people look at lobsters, they see dinner. Eve Marder saw a key to the theoretical underpinnings of animal behaviour. Ishani Ganguli reports.
Ishani Ganguli
doi:10.1038/450021a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (546K)
慈善活動：施しのない国
Philanthropy: A country without alms p24
The Japanese make few charitable donations. David Cyranoski meets a patient advocate and scientist working to change a cultural reticence about giving.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/450024a
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Correspondence
Sea-ice decline due to more than warming alone p27
Ethics reviews can be centralized without delays p27
Missing the mark on biomedical research p27
Words of wisdom worth reading aloud p27
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Books and Arts
Poetry in motion p29
Is language the key to thought? Neuroscience suggests it is probably more complicated than that.
doi:10.1038/450029a
Prions, pleasure and purple notes p30
Delving into the ancient brain p31
doi:10.1038/450031a
Space and time gift-wrapped p32
doi:10.1038/450032a
Painting: Hidden depths spotted p32
doi:10.1038/450032b
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Essay
Science & PoliticsTechnologies of humility p33
Researchers and policy-makers need ways for accommodating the partiality of scientific knowledge and for acting under the inevitable uncertainty it holds.
Sheila Jasanoff
doi:10.1038/450033a
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News and Views
嗅覚: 線虫が向きを変えるとき
Smell: The worm turns p35
The worm Caenorhabditis elegans has many advantages as an experimental organism. These have been exploited to investigate how, at a single-neuron level, neural circuits transform sensory signals into behaviour.
Piali Sengupta
doi:10.1038/450035a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (228K)
有機化学: 芳香化合物をひとひねり
Organic chemistry: Aromatics with a twist p36
The properties of flat aromatic molecules are well known to chemists, but some non-planar aromatics remain a mystery. A molecule that can twist into a Möbius band on command might shed light on their features.
Rainer Herges
doi:10.1038/450036a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (216K)
視覚: 活発な足場
Vision: Dynamic platforms p37
Scaffolding proteins are so named because they function as platforms for the assembly of molecular signalling complexes. But at least one such protein is more than a passive bystander and has its own signalling role.
Roger C. Hardie
doi:10.1038/450037a
数理物理学: 初めての出会い
Mathematical physics: First encounters p40
The idea of 'random walks' pops up in areas from biochemical reaction pathways to animals' foraging strategies. A central question — how likely is it that a walker is somewhere for the first time? — now has a simpler answer.
Michael F. Shlesinger
doi:10.1038/450040a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (242K)
植物病理学: 死を特別配達
Plant pathology: Deadly special deliveries p41
When attacking a plant, pathogens must deliver proteins into their victim's cells. The causal agent of potato late blight uses a system that is remarkably similar to that used by the malaria parasite in red blood cells.
Nicholas J. Talbot
doi:10.1038/450041a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (296K)
聴覚: ケリカー器官の奏でる音
Hearing: A fantasia on Kölliker's organ p43
In the silence that precedes the onset of hearing in the developing auditory system, it seems that the cells of a transient structure known as Kölliker's organ are capable of generating their own 'virtual' music.
Ian D. Forsythe
doi:10.1038/450043a
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (816K)
Correction p44
doi:10.1038/450044a
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Articles
熱帯雨林とサンゴ礁にみられる種の相対的種個体数のパターン
Patterns of relative species abundance in rainforests and coral reefs p45
Igor Volkov, Jayanth R. Banavar, Stephen P. Hubbell & Amos Maritan
doi:10.1038/nature06197
発生中の聴覚系における自発活動の起源
The origin of spontaneous activity in the developing auditory system p50
Nicolas X. Tritsch, Eunyoung Yi, Jonathan E. Gale, Elisabeth Glowatzki & Dwight E. Bergles
doi:10.1038/nature06233
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (4,118K) | Supplementary information
神経系で蛍光タンパク質を組み合わせて発現させるための遺伝子組み換え戦略
Transgenic strategies for combinatorial expression of fluorescent proteins in the nervous system p56
Jean Livet, Tamily A. Weissman, Hyuno Kang, Ryan W. Draft, Ju Lu, Robyn A. Bennis, Joshua R. Sanes & Jeff W. Lichtman
doi:10.1038/nature06293
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,870K) | Supplementary information
線虫の嗅覚行動にかかわる回路の分析
Dissecting a circuit for olfactory behaviour in Caenorhabditis elegans p63
Sreekanth H. Chalasani, Nikos Chronis, Makoto Tsunozaki, Jesse M. Gray, Daniel Ramot, Miriam B. Goodman & Cornelia I. Bargmann
doi:10.1038/nature06292
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,857K) | Supplementary information
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Letters
若い天体HH 135-136で円偏光観測により明らかになったらせん状の磁場
Circular polarimetry reveals helical magnetic fields in the young stellar object HH 135–136 p71
Antonio Chrysostomou, Philip W. Lucas & James H. Hough
doi:10.1038/nature06220
クェーサーPG 1700+518の回転するウィンド
The rotating wind of the quasar PG 1700+518 p74
S. Young, D. J. Axon, A. Robinson, J. H. Hough & J. E. Smith
doi:10.1038/nature06319
スケールに依存しない複雑媒質における初到達時間
First-passage times in complex scale-invariant media p77
S. Condamin, O. Bénichou, V. Tejedor, R. Voituriez & J. Klafter
doi:10.1038/nature06201
アンダードープBi2212の超伝導転移点における2番目のエネルギーギャップの突然の出現
Abrupt onset of a second energy gap at the superconducting transition of underdoped Bi2212 p81
W. S. Lee, I. M. Vishik, K. Tanaka, D. H. Lu, T. Sasagawa, N. Nagaosa, T. P. Devereaux, Z. Hussain & Z.-X. Shen
doi:10.1038/nature06219
高周波走査型トンネル顕微鏡
Radio-frequency scanning tunnelling microscopy p85
U. Kemiktarak, T. Ndukum, K. C. Schwab & K. L. Ekinci
doi:10.1038/nature06238
中央カナダ北方林の炭素収支を左右する主要因は森林火災である
Fire as the dominant driver of central Canadian boreal forest carbon balance p89
Ben Bond-Lamberty, Scott D. Peckham, Douglas E. Ahl & Stith T. Gower
doi:10.1038/nature06272
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,037K) | Supplementary information
偽トリボスフェニック型哺乳類とトリボスフェニック型哺乳類における歯の収斂的適応
Convergent dental adaptations in pseudo-tribosphenic and tribosphenic mammals p93
Zhe-Xi Luo, Qiang Ji & Chong-Xi Yuan
doi:10.1038/nature06221
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (1,413K) | Supplementary information
カリブ海サンゴ礁の臨界閾値と回復力
Thresholds and the resilience of Caribbean coral reefs p98
Peter J. Mumby, Alan Hastings & Helen J. Edwards
doi:10.1038/nature06252
楽観的傾向にかかわる神経機構
Neural mechanisms mediating optimism bias p102
Tali Sharot, Alison M. Riccardi, Candace M. Raio & Elizabeth A. Phelps
doi:10.1038/nature06280
大脳皮質と視床下部の脳領域のPYYによる調節からヒトの摂食行動が予測できる
PYY modulation of cortical and hypothalamic brain areas predicts feeding behaviour in humans p106
Rachel L. Batterham, Dominic H. ffytche, J. Miranda Rosenthal, Fernando O. Zelaya, Gareth J. Barker, Dominic J. Withers & Steven C. R. Williams
doi:10.1038/nature06212
リンパ節の被膜下洞マクロファージはリンパに流入するウイルスを除去し、それらを抗ウイルス作用をもつB細胞に提示する
Subcapsular sinus macrophages in lymph nodes clear lymph-borne viruses and present them to antiviral B cells p110
Tobias Junt, E. Ashley Moseman, Matteo Iannacone, Steffen Massberg, Philipp A. Lang, Marianne Boes, Katja Fink, Sarah E. Henrickson, Dmitry M. Shayakhmetov, Nelson C. Di Paolo, Nico van Rooijen, Thorsten R. Mempel, Sean P. Whelan & Ulrich H. von Andrian
doi:10.1038/nature06287
卵菌類のエフェクタータンパク質の宿主植物細胞への送達に使われる転移シグナル
A translocation signal for delivery of oomycete effector proteins into host plant cells p115
Stephen C. Whisson, Petra C. Boevink, Lucy Moleleki, Anna O. Avrova, Juan G. Morales, Eleanor M. Gilroy, Miles R. Armstrong, Severine Grouffaud, Pieter van West, Sean Chapman, Ingo Hein, Ian K. Toth, Leighton Pritchard & Paul R. J. Birch
doi:10.1038/nature06203
Tnp1とPrm1の転写と精子形成にはヒストンデメチラーゼJHDM2Aが不可欠である
Histone demethylase JHDM2A is critical for Tnp1 and Prm1 transcription and spermatogenesis p119
Yuki Okada, Greg Scott, Manas K. Ray, Yuji Mishina & Yi Zhang
doi:10.1038/nature06236
フォース・クランプ法によってチオレドキシン触媒作用の化学的性質を探る
Probing the chemistry of thioredoxin catalysis with force p124
Arun P. Wiita, Raul Perez-Jimenez, Kirstin A. Walther, Frauke Gräter, B. J. Berne, Arne Holmgren, Jose M. Sanchez-Ruiz & Julio M. Fernandez
doi:10.1038/nature06231
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Postdocs and Students
Career View
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p129
'Research integrity' training has become part and parcel of being a scientist.
Gene Russo
doi:10.1038/nj7166-129a
Postdocs and Students
Brain storm p130
A bold scheme to map the entire human brain has become the mission of many scientists from a host of different fields. Paul Smaglik tracks the interdisciplinary career implications.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7166-130a
Career View
Vasilis Ntziachristos, director, Institute for Biological and Medical Imaging, GSF, Neuherberg, Germany p132
Imaging expert leaves Harvard for Germany.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7166-132a
Brain work p132
The fruits of joining technological acumen with a theoretical mindset.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7166-132b
Corporate America p132
Is an industry career my calling?
Moira Sheehan
doi:10.1038/nj7166-132c
