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Nature 449, 919-922 (18 October 2007) | doi:10.1038/nature06205;

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Interferon modulation of cellular microRNAs as an antiviral mechanism

RNA interference through non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) represents a vital component of the innate antiviral immune response in plants and invertebrate animals; however, a role for cellular miRNAs in the defence against viral infection in mammalian organisms has thus far remained elusive. Here we show that interferon beta (IFN|[bgr]|) rapidly modulates the expression of numerous cellular miRNAs, and that eight of these IFN|[bgr]|-induced miRNAs have sequence-predicted targets within the hepatitis C virus (HCV) genomic RNA.

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