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Nature 447, 849-851 (14 June 2007) | doi:10.1038/nature05847;

Open Innovation Challenges

The human footprint in the carbon cycle of temperate and boreal forests

Temperate and boreal forests in the Northern Hemisphere cover an area of about 2|[thinsp]||[times]||[thinsp]|107|[thinsp]|square kilometres and act as a substantial carbon sink (0.6–0.7 petagrams of carbon per year). Although forest expansion following agricultural abandonment is certainly responsible for an important fraction of this carbon sink activity, the additional effects on the carbon balance of established forests of increased atmospheric carbon dioxide, increasing temperatures, changes in management practices and nitrogen deposition are difficult to disentangle, despite an extensive network of measurement stations.

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