Supplementary information

Supplementary Information

This file contains Supplementary Methods, Supplementary Discussion, Supplementary Notes, Supplementary Figures 1-11 with legends and Supplementary Table 1. The file contains further description of the model and discussion of our results, including a detailed description of our numerical thermosphere model, descriptions of our models of ionospheric conductivity and magnetospheric plasma flow, details of our formulation of Joule heating and ion drag, analysis of the detailed force balances calculated by the model, description and discussion of a sensitivity study examining the effect of an increased ionospheric conductivity and a discussion of possible circumstances in which the observed cooling effect may be mitigated, or even reversed.

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