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Nature 443, 16-17 (7 September 2006) | doi:10.1038/443016a; Published online 6 September 2006

The farmyard drug store

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Pharmaceuticals made in genetically modified animals have been poised to take off for years. Heidi Ledford investigates the reality.

The birth of Herman the transgenic bull in 1990 was supposed to herald the start of a new era in pharmaceuticals. As a bull, Herman failed spectacularly in his main job: to produce an iron-rich human protein called lactoferrin in milk.