Editorials

Boosting access to disease data p957

A new agreement by stakeholders to improve the sharing of flu data should eventually stimulate research on many infectious diseases. Now to make it work.

doi:10.1038/442957a

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Rude palaeoanthropology p957

Controversies over Homo floresiensis reflect a flourishing science.

doi:10.1038/442957b

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Cheap IVF needed p958

False perceptions are hindering access to new research on in vitro fertilization.

doi:10.1038/442958a

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Research Highlights

Research highlights p960

doi:10.1038/442960a

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News

Locals rally to combat biodefence labs p962

Protests mount against classified research centres.

Erika Check

doi:10.1038/442962a

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Plan to pool bird-flu data takes off p963

Researchers welcome bid to share resources.

Helen Pearson

doi:10.1038/442963a

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Sidelines p964

doi:10.1038/442964a

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Cash-strapped research ship must earn its living p964

High running costs threaten Chikyu's scientific agenda.

David Cyranoski

doi:10.1038/442964b

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Pluto: the backlash begins p965

Astronomers petition against new definition of a planet.

Jenny Hogan

doi:10.1038/442965a

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Diary of a planet's demise p966

While attending the International Astronomical Union's meeting in Prague, Jenny Hogan kept the world up to date on the Pluto debate through our newsblog. Edited excerpts:

doi:10.1038/442966a

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Lunar probe ready to bite the dust p969

SMART-1 prepares to go out with a bang.

Geoff Brumfiel

doi:10.1038/442969a

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News in brief p970

doi:10.1038/442970a

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Business

Mothers of invention? p973

Women academics are less likely than men to take out patents. Emma Marris investigates the reasons why.

doi:10.1038/442973a

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News Features

IVF in Africa: Fertility on a shoestring p975

IVF isn't something most Westerners associate with Africa. But low-cost methods are urgently needed to treat the misery of infertility rampant on the continent, says Helen Pilcher.

doi:10.1038/442975a

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Oceanography: Sick seas p978

The rising level of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is making the world's oceans more acidic. Jacqueline Ruttimann reports on the potentially catastrophic effect this could have on marine creatures.

doi:10.1038/442978a

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Correspondence

A global initiative on sharing avian flu data p981

Peter Bogner, Ilaria Capua, Nancy J. Cox, David J. Lipman and others

doi:10.1038/442981a

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See also: Editor's summary

Offsets could mitigate damage to biodiversity p981

Art Blundell

doi:10.1038/442981b

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Funders should allow for cost of publication p981

Hernán A. Burbano

doi:10.1038/442981c

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Books and Arts

Selling Darwin p983

Does it matter whether evolution has any commercial applications?

Jerry A. Coyne reviews The Evolving World: Evolution in Everyday Life by David P. Mindell

doi:10.1038/442983a

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Triumph and dismal failure p984

Don Ihde reviews Technology Matters: Questions to Live With by David Nye

doi:10.1038/442984a

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On fertile ground p985

Camilla Toulmin reviews Soils and Societies: Perspectives from Environmental History edited by J. R. McNeill and Verena Winiwater

doi:10.1038/442985a

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In Retrospect: Out of the darkness p986

Jay M. Pasachoff reviews The Black Cloud by Fred Hoyle

doi:10.1038/442986a

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News and Views

Immunology: Protection and privilege p987

The immune system not only attacks microbes, but also regulates itself to avoid harming vital organs. Cells notorious for their involvement in allergy turn out to be vital to this protective function.

Herman Waldmann

doi:10.1038/nature05165

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Cosmology: Unique, or not unique? p988

That is the question. The search for a single theory of everything is as old as science itself, and is now the beat of quantum cosmologists. But some basic tenets that inform the quest are being challenged.

Martin Bojowald

doi:10.1038/442988a

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50 & 100 Years ago p989

doi:10.1038/442989a

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Spectroscopy: Shifting light with spin p990

NMR spectroscopy has changed enormously over the years, but signal detection has stayed the same since the technique was invented. The latest thinking literally shines a new light on things.

Warren S. Warren

doi:10.1038/442990a

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Cell biology: Taking a turn into the nucleus p991

How soluble proteins get into the cell nucleus is known in great detail, but how membrane proteins make it into the inner nuclear membrane has long been an enigma. The two processes in fact turn out to be related.

Ulrike Kutay and Petra Mühlhäusser

doi:10.1038/nature05173

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Astrophysics: Shock breakout caught on camera p992

What exactly is the relationship between bursts of cosmic -rays and the stellar explosions known as supernovae? Intimate, it seems: highly magnetic neutron stars might even have spawned both.

Timothy R. Young

doi:10.1038/442992a

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Nanoscience: Small talk p994

Is rebranding research as 'nanoscience' just jumping on the bandwagon? A recent conference in Basel proves that the name does at least attract researchers from different disciplines to mingle for mutual inspiration.

Liesbeth Venema

doi:10.1038/442994a

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Parasitology: Peculiar lipid production p995

Joshua M. Finkelstein

doi:10.1038/442995a

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Obituary: Setsuro Ebashi (1922–2006) p996

Physiologist who uncovered the regulatory role of calcium in cells.

Makoto Endo

doi:10.1038/442996a

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Articles

Mast cells are essential intermediaries in regulatory T-cell tolerance p997

Li-Fan Lu, Evan F. Lind, David C. Gondek, Kathy A. Bennett, Michael W. Gleeson, Karina Pino-Lagos, Zachary A. Scott, Anthony J. Coyle, Jennifer L. Reed, Jacques Van Snick, Terry B. Strom, Xin Xiao Zheng and Randolph J. Noelle

doi:10.1038/nature05010

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (588K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Waldmann

Karyopherin-mediated import of integral inner nuclear membrane proteins p1003

Megan C. King, C. Patrick Lusk and Günter Blobel

doi:10.1038/nature05075

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (390K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Kutay & Mühlhäusser

Letters

The association of GRB 060218 with a supernova and the evolution of the shock wave p1008

S. Campana, V. Mangano, A. J. Blustin, P. Brown, D. N. Burrows, G. Chincarini, J. R. Cummings, G. Cusumano, M. Della Valle, D. Malesani, P. Mészáros, J. A. Nousek, M. Page, T. Sakamoto, E. Waxman, B. Zhang, Z. G. Dai, N. Gehrels, S. Immler, F. E. Marshall, K. O. Mason, A. Moretti, P. T. O'Brien, J. P. Osborne, K. L. Page, P. Romano, P. W. A. Roming, G. Tagliaferri, L. R. Cominsky, P. Giommi, O. Godet, J. A. Kennea, H. Krimm, L. Angelini, S. D. Barthelmy, P. T. Boyd, D. M. Palmer, A. A. Wells and N. E. White

doi:10.1038/nature04892

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (549K)

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An optical supernova associated with the X-ray flash XRF 060218 p1011

E. Pian, P. A. Mazzali, N. Masetti, P. Ferrero, S. Klose, E. Palazzi, E. Ramirez-Ruiz, S. E. Woosley, C. Kouveliotou, J. Deng, A. V. Filippenko, R. J. Foley, J. P. U. Fynbo, D. A. Kann, W. Li, J. Hjorth, K. Nomoto, F. Patat, D. N. Sauer, J. Sollerman, P. M. Vreeswijk, E. W. Guenther, A. Levan, P. O'Brien, N. R. Tanvir, R. A. M. J. Wijers, C. Dumas, O. Hainaut, D. S. Wong, D. Baade, L. Wang, L. Amati, E. Cappellaro, A. J. Castro-Tirado, S. Ellison, F. Frontera, A. S. Fruchter, J. Greiner, K. Kawabata, C. Ledoux, K. Maeda, P. Møller, L. Nicastro, E. Rol and R. Starling

doi:10.1038/nature05082

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (190K) | Supplementary information

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Relativistic ejecta from X-ray flash XRF 060218 and the rate of cosmic explosions p1014

A. M. Soderberg, S. R. Kulkarni, E. Nakar, E. Berger, P. B. Cameron, D. B. Fox, D. Frail, A. Gal-Yam, R. Sari, S. B. Cenko, M. Kasliwal, R. A. Chevalier, T. Piran, P. A. Price, B. P. Schmidt, G. Pooley, D.-S. Moon, B. E. Penprase, E. Ofek, A. Rau, N. Gehrels, J. A. Nousek, D. N. Burrows, S. E. Persson and P. J. McCarthy

doi:10.1038/nature05087

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (279K) | Supplementary information

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A neutron-star-driven X-ray flash associated with supernova SN 2006aj p1018

Paolo A. Mazzali, Jinsong Deng, Ken'ichi Nomoto, Daniel N. Sauer, Elena Pian, Nozomu Tominaga, Masaomi Tanaka, Keiichi Maeda and Alexei V. Filippenko

doi:10.1038/nature05081

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (411K) | Supplementary information

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Optical detection of liquid-state NMR p1021

I. M. Savukov, S.-K. Lee and M. V. Romalis

doi:10.1038/nature05088

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (224K)

See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Warren

Controls on tropical Pacific Ocean productivity revealed through nutrient stress diagnostics p1025

Michael J. Behrenfeld, Kirby Worthington, Robert M. Sherrell, Francisco P. Chavez, Peter Strutton, Michael McPhaden and Donald M. Shea

doi:10.1038/nature05083

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (852K) | Supplementary information

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Discovery of a magma chamber and faults beneath a Mid-Atlantic Ridge hydrothermal field p1029

Satish C. Singh, Wayne C. Crawford, Hélène Carton, Tim Seher, Violaine Combier, Mathilde Cannat, Juan Pablo Canales, Doga Düsünür, Javier Escartin and J. Miguel Miranda

doi:10.1038/nature05105

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (942K) | Supplementary information

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Evidence that mechanisms of fin development evolved in the midline of early vertebrates p1033

Renata Freitas, GuangJun Zhang and Martin J. Cohn

doi:10.1038/nature04984

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (455K) | Supplementary information

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The emergence of geometric order in proliferating metazoan epithelia p1038

Matthew C. Gibson, Ankit B. Patel, Radhika Nagpal and Norbert Perrimon

doi:10.1038/nature05014

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (464K) | Supplementary information

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Dopamine-dependent prediction errors underpin reward-seeking behaviour in humans p1042

Mathias Pessiglione, Ben Seymour, Guillaume Flandin, Raymond J. Dolan and Chris D. Frith

doi:10.1038/nature05051

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Transgeneration memory of stress in plants p1046

Jean Molinier, Gerhard Ries, Cyril Zipfel and Barbara Hohn

doi:10.1038/nature05022

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Dynamics of heat shock factor association with native gene loci in living cells p1050

Jie Yao, Katherine M. Munson, Watt W. Webb and John T. Lis

doi:10.1038/nature05025

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (325K) | Supplementary information

Proteolytic turnover of the Gal4 transcription factor is not required for function in vivo p1054

Kip Nalley, Stephen Albert Johnston and Thomas Kodadek

doi:10.1038/nature05067

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (274K) | Supplementary information

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Nutrient regulates Tor1 nuclear localization and association with rDNA promoter p1058

Hong Li, Chi Kwan Tsang, Marcus Watkins, Paula G. Bertram and X. F. Steven Zheng

doi:10.1038/nature05020

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (671K) | Supplementary information

In situ structure of the complete Treponema primitia flagellar motor p1062

Gavin E. Murphy, Jared R. Leadbetter and Grant J. Jensen

doi:10.1038/nature05015

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (425K) | Supplementary information

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Technology Features

Microarrays: Quality control p1067

Doubt is often cast on the reliability of DNA microarrays, but resources are becoming available to help researchers overcome many of the problems inherent in this technology. Michael Eisenstein reports.

Michael Eisenstein

doi:10.1038/4421067a

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Microarrays: Standards and practices p1067

doi:10.1038/4421067b

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Microarrays: Hands off! p1068

doi:10.1038/4421068a

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Microarrays: Share and share alike p1069

doi:10.1038/4421069a

Full Text | PDF (120K)

Microarrays: Table of suppliers p1071

doi:10.1038/4421071a

PDF (98K)

Naturejobs

Prospect p1073

Representation of women in science comes under scrutiny.

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/nj7106-1073a

Full Text | PDF (170K)

Futures

The key p1076

The future's in your hands.

Ian Whates

doi:10.1038/4421076a

Full Text | PDF (145K)