Table of contents
Volume 442 Number 7103 pp601-718
In this issue (10 August 2006)
Also this week
(this content only available online) indicates content that is available online only
Editorials
Safeguards for donors p601
Clashing perspectives on the ethics of the donation of human eggs for research purposes are likely to complicate international collaboration — whether stem-cell researchers like it or not.
doi:10.1038/442601a
Capturing carbon p601
Sequestration of greenhouse gases could play an important role in capping emissions.
doi:10.1038/442601b
Toronto crossroads p602
The international AIDS meeting still has a purpose.
doi:10.1038/442602a
News
Special ReportEthicists and biologists ponder the price of eggs p606
A Nature Special Report investigates the ethics and economics of donating eggs for stem-cell research. In this, the first part Erika Check investigates whether paying donors would increase supply. In the second part Helen Pearson asks what is known about the long-term health risks faced by donors.
Erika Check
doi:10.1038/442606a
Health effects of egg donation may take decades to emerge p607
A Nature Special Report investigates the ethics and economics of donating eggs for stem-cell research. In the first part Erika Check investigated whether paying donors would increase supply. In this, the second part Helen Pearson asks what is known about the long-term health risks faced by donors.
Helen Pearson
doi:10.1038/442607a
Oil from bombed plant left to spill p609
War hampers clean-up efforts.
Kerri Smith with additional reporting by Michael Hopkin
doi:10.1038/442609a
Plan for postdoc union sparks backlash p609
University of California awaits petition ruling.
Heidi Ledford
doi:10.1038/442609b
AIDS vaccine research becomes 'big science' p610
But 'mission-oriented' approach has its critics.
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/442610a
See also: Editor's summary
Sidelines p611
doi:10.1038/442611a
Views collide over fate of accelerator p612
Decommissioned particle smasher awaits fate.
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/442612a
News in brief p613
doi:10.1038/442613a
Correction p613
doi:10.1038/442613b
Business
Silent running: the race to the clinic p614
A technique for turning genes off has sparked a flurry of biotech investment. Erika Check investigates.
doi:10.1038/442614a
In brief p615
doi:10.1038/442615a
Market watch p615
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/442615b
News Features
AIDS treatment: Staying the course p617
Some feared that widespread use of AIDS treatments in Africa would encourage drug resistance, with globally disastrous consequences. But there's no crisis yet, reports Erika Check.
doi:10.1038/442617a
See also: Editor's summary
Putting the carbon back: The hundred billion tonne challenge p620
One way to keep carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere is to put it back in the ground. In this, the first of two News Features on carbon sequestration, Quirin Schiermeier asks when the world's coal-fired power plants will start storing away their carbon. In the second, Emma Marris joins the enthusiasts who think that enriching Earth's soils with charcoal can help avert global warming, reduce the need for fertilizers, and greatly increase the size of turnips.
doi:10.1038/442620a
See also: Editor's summary
Putting the carbon back: Black is the new green p624
One way to keep carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere is to put it back in the ground. In the first of two News Features on carbon sequestration, Quirin Schiermeier asked when the world's coal-fired power plants will start storing away their carbon. In the second, Emma Marris joins the enthusiasts who think that enriching Earth's soils with charcoal can help avert global warming, reduce the need for fertilizers, and greatly increase the size of turnips.
doi:10.1038/442624a
See also: Editor's summary
Correspondence
Scientists are well placed to speak up for biodiversity p627
Guillaume Chapron
doi:10.1038/442627a
Authors were clear about hockey-stick uncertainties p627
Raymond S. Bradley, Malcolm K. Hughes & Michael E. Mann
doi:10.1038/442627b
Systems biology could help us harness useful microbes p627
Douglas Young
doi:10.1038/442627c
Sticking points in the push for change p627
Eugene A. Rosa
doi:10.1038/442627d
Commentary
Fair payment or undue inducement? p629
Women who donate their eggs for stem-cell research should be compensated in the same way as other healthy research volunteers, argues Insoo Hyun.
doi:10.1038/442629a
See also: Editor's summary
Books and Arts
The Moses of Silicon Valley p631
William Shockley's work led to the foundation of the US computer industry.
Paul Grant reviews Broken Genius: The Rise and Fall of William Shockley, Creator of the Electronic Age by Joel N. Shurkin
doi:10.1038/442631a
New in paperback p632
doi:10.1038/442632a
Making sense of autism p632
Francesca Happé reviews Autism, Brain, and Environment by Richard Lathe and Understanding Autism: From Basic Neuroscience to Treatment edited by Steven O. Moldin & John L. R. Rubenstein
doi:10.1038/442632b
Subterranean storage blues p633
Gordon MacKerron reviews Uncertainty Underground: Yucca Mountain and the Nation's High-Level Nuclear Waste edited by Allison M. Macfarlane & Rodney C. Ewing
doi:10.1038/442633a
See also: Editor's summary
News and Views
Plant breeding: Rice in deep water p635
Many otherwise productive cultivars of rice suffer badly if immersed in water for long. The identification of a gene variant that confers tolerance to this threat has practical potential.
Takuji Sasaki
doi:10.1038/442635a
See also: Editor's summary
Cosmology: Where all the lithium went p636
For some years, astronomers have been trying to track down all the lithium predicted by standard cosmological models. Spectroscopic dissection of globular clusters reveals that the answer might lie in the stars.
Corinne Charbonnel
doi:10.1038/442636a
See also: Editor's summary
Neuroscience: An extra dimension to olfaction p637
The sense of smell is triggered by receptors in the olfactory epithelium that lines the nose. In mice at least, that lining is also responsible for receiving chemosensory cues involved in mating and other social behaviours.
John Ngai
doi:10.1038/nature05001
See also: Editor's summary
Materials science: Organosilica the conciliator p638
Acidic and basic molecules are antagonistic, and keeping them in their place is no easy job — unless, it seems, one unites them under the tutelage of ordered, nanoporous materials known as organosilicas.
Mietek Jaroniec
doi:10.1038/442638a
Solar System: Sifting through the debris p640
A quadrillion previously unnoticed small bodies beyond Neptune have been spotted as they dimmed X-rays from a distant source. Models of the dynamics of debris in the Solar System's suburbs must now be reworked.
Asantha Cooray
doi:10.1038/442640a
See also: Editor's summary
Neurodegenerative disease: Cut to the chase p641
A family of enzymes called caspases — best known for their involvement in programmed cell death — now seems to be pivotal in the progression of two neurodegenerative diseases.
Lisa M. Ellerby & Harry T. Orr
doi:10.1038/442641a
50 & 100 years ago p642
doi:10.1038/442642a
Microscopy: Nanotomography comes of age p642
The use of X-rays to construct three-dimensional tomographic images is well established in medicine. The same principle is being extended to the nanoscale, bringing us startlingly accurate pictures of tiny objects.
David Attwood
doi:10.1038/442642b
Neuroscience: Making faces in the brain p644
Artificially activating the right neurons at the right time causes visual perception of a face. This new result shows that such neurons directly underlie the recognition of complex objects.
James J. DiCarlo
doi:10.1038/nature05000
See also: Editor's summary
Articles
A second class of chemosensory receptors in the olfactory epithelium p645
Stephen D. Liberles & Linda B. Buck
doi:10.1038/nature05066
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (970K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Ngai
Card9 controls a non-TLR signalling pathway for innate anti-fungal immunity p651
Olaf Gross, Andreas Gewies, Katrin Finger, Martin Schäfer, Tim Sparwasser, Christian Peschel, Irmgard Förster & Jürgen Ruland
doi:10.1038/nature04926
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (581K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Letters
A probable stellar solution to the cosmological lithium discrepancy p657
A. J. Korn, F. Grundahl, O. Richard, P. S. Barklem, L. Mashonkina, R. Collet, N. Piskunov & B. Gustafsson
doi:10.1038/nature05011
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (142K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Occultation of X-rays from Scorpius X-1 by small trans-neptunian objects p660
Hsiang-Kuang Chang, Sun-Kun King, Jau-Shian Liang, Ping-Shien Wu, Lupin Chun-Che Lin & Jeng-Lun Chiu
doi:10.1038/nature04941
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (239K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Tracking the motion of charges in a terahertz light field by femtosecond X-ray diffraction p664
A. Cavalleri, S. Wall, C. Simpson, E. Statz, D. W. Ward, K. A. Nelson, M. Rini & R. W. Schoenlein
doi:10.1038/nature05041
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (275K)
See also: Editor's summary
Supercurrent reversal in quantum dots p667
Jorden A. van Dam, Yuli V. Nazarov, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers, Silvano De Franceschi & Leo P. Kouwenhoven
doi:10.1038/nature05018
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (423K) | Supplementary information
Arctic hydrology during global warming at the Palaeocene/Eocene thermal maximum p671
Mark Pagani, Nikolai Pedentchouk, Matthew Huber, Appy Sluijs, Stefan Schouten, Henk Brinkhuis, Jaap S. Sinninghe Damsté, Gerald R. Dickens & Expedition 302 ScientistsExpedition 302 ScientistsJan Backman, Steve Clemens, Thomas Cronin, Frédérique Eynaud, Jérôme Gattacceca, Martin Jakobsson, Ric Jordan, Michael Kaminski, John King, Nalân Koc, Nahysa C. Martinez, David McInroy, Theodore C. Moore Jr, Matthew O'Regan, Jonaotaro Onodera, Heiko Pälike, Brice Rea, Domenico Rio, Tatsuhiko Sakamoto, David C. Smith, Kristen E. K. St John, Itsuki Suto, Noritoshi Suzuki, Kozo Takahashi, Mahito Watanabe & Masanobu Yamamoto
doi:10.1038/nature05043
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (247K) | Supplementary information
See also: Corrigendum by Pagani et al.
The dynamics of melt and shear localization in partially molten aggregates p676
Richard F. Katz, Marc Spiegelman & Benjamin Holtzman
doi:10.1038/nature05039
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (538K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Synchrotron X-ray tomographic microscopy of fossil embryos p680
Philip C. J. Donoghue, Stefan Bengtson, Xi-ping Dong, Neil J. Gostling, Therese Huldtgren, John A. Cunningham, Chongyu Yin, Zhao Yue, Fan Peng & Marco Stampanoni
doi:10.1038/nature04890
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (454K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Minimal ProtoHox cluster inferred from bilaterian and cnidarian Hox complements p684
D. Chourrout, F. Delsuc, P. Chourrout, R. B. Edvardsen, F. Rentzsch, E. Renfer, M. F. Jensen, B. Zhu, P. de Jong, R. E. Steele & U. Technau
doi:10.1038/nature04863
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (337K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Mesodermal Wnt2b signalling positively regulates liver specification p688
Elke A. Ober, Heather Verkade, Holly A. Field & Didier Y. R. Stainier
doi:10.1038/nature04888
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (532K) | Supplementary information
Microstimulation of inferotemporal cortex influences face categorization p692
Seyed-Reza Afraz, Roozbeh Kiani & Hossein Esteky
doi:10.1038/nature04982
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (400K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by DiCarloCorrigendum by Afraz et al.
Enzymatic activation of voltage-gated potassium channels p696
Yajamana Ramu, Yanping Xu & Zhe Lu
doi:10.1038/nature04880
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (808K) | Supplementary information
An ARC/Mediator subunit required for SREBP control of cholesterol and lipid homeostasis p700
Fajun Yang, Bryan W. Vought, John S. Satterlee, Amy K. Walker, Z.-Y. Jim Sun, Jennifer L. Watts, Rosalie DeBeaumont, R. Mako Saito, Sven G. Hyberts, Shaosong Yang, Christine Macol, Lakshmanan Iyer, Robert Tjian, Sander van den Heuvel, Anne C. Hart, Gerhard Wagner & Anders M. Näär
doi:10.1038/nature04942
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (795K) | Supplementary information
Sub1A is an ethylene-response-factor-like gene that confers submergence tolerance to rice p705
Kenong Xu, Xia Xu, Takeshi Fukao, Patrick Canlas, Reycel Maghirang-Rodriguez, Sigrid Heuer, Abdelbagi M. Ismail, Julia Bailey-Serres, Pamela C. Ronald & David J. Mackill
doi:10.1038/nature04920
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (418K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Assembly dynamics of microtubules at molecular resolution p709
Jacob W. J. Kerssemakers, E. Laura Munteanu, Liedewij Laan, Tim L. Noetzel, Marcel E. Janson & Marileen Dogterom
doi:10.1038/nature04928
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,629K) | Supplementary information
Naturejobs
ProspectProspects p713
Postdoc is caught up in Israeli-Hezbollah conflict.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7102-713a
Region
Japan's other research hub p714
The city of Sendai has much to offer research and industry, but, says David Cyranoski, competition for funding and brains is stiff.
David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/nj7103-714a
Spotlight
Spotlight on Sendai
doi:10.1038/nj0122
