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Nature 442, 203-207 (4 June 2006) | doi:10.1038/nature04916;

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A novel class of small RNAs bind to MILI protein in mouse testes

Small RNAs bound to Argonaute proteins recognize partially or fully complementary nucleic acid targets in diverse gene-silencing processes. A subgroup of the Argonaute proteins—known as the ‘Piwi family’—is required for germ- and stem-cell development in invertebrates, and two Piwi members—MILI and MIWI—are essential for spermatogenesis in mouse.

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