Table of contents
Volume 440 Number 7087 pp969-1088
Editorials
Learning from Chernobyl p969
As the accident that blackened the name of nuclear power fades from memory, openings present themselves for the technology to edge its way back into public favour.
doi:10.1038/440969a
Drugs tests on trial p970
Britain's clinical-trial regulator has no good options.
doi:10.1038/440970a
Mentoring award 2006 p970
doi:10.1038/440970b
News
Societies spurn women editors p974
Resignation spotlights sex discrimination.
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/440974a
Glint from tenth planet dazzles astronomers p974
Pluto's neighbour seems strangely shiny.
Jim Giles
doi:10.1038/440974b
Sidelines p975
doi:10.1038/440975a
Lakes linked beneath Antarctic ice p977
Massive flows of water change perceptions of frozen continent.
Jim Giles
doi:10.1038/440977a
See also: Editor's summary
Wanted: cancer boss p978
The White House is looking for a new head for the National Cancer Institute. What kind of person does it take to run a $4.8-billion research powerhouse? Nature asked some top cancer researchers for their thoughts.
doi:10.1038/440978a
News
Special Report: Counting the dead p982
Twenty years after the worst nuclear accident in history, arguments over the death toll of Chernobyl are as politically charged as ever, reports Mark Peplow.
doi:10.1038/440982a
See also: Editor's summary
News Features
Nuclear power: Chernobyl and the future: when the price is right p984
Once touted as too cheap to meter, nuclear power has become too costly to build. But the economics may be shifting, finds Jim Giles.
doi:10.1038/440984a
See also: Editor's summary
Nuclear waste: Chernobyl and the future: Forward planning p987
The global future of nuclear power may rest in large part on local politics, reports Geoff Brumfiel.
doi:10.1038/440987a
See also: Editor's summary
Business
Handle with care p990
China's drug market is booming, and will soon be the fifth largest in the world. But despite this potential, global companies are being advised to approach the country with caution, as Colin Macilwain reports.
doi:10.1038/440990a
In brief p991
doi:10.1038/440991a
Market watch p991
Meredith Wadman
doi:10.1038/440991b
Correspondence
Ethics of using employees' eggs in cloning research p992
Susan Hawes and Justin Oakley
doi:10.1038/440992a
See also: Editor's summary
Ethics: China already has clear stem-cell guidelines p992
Linzhao Cheng, Ren-Zong Qiu, Hongkui Deng, Yu Alex Zhang, Ying Jin and Lingsong Li
doi:10.1038/440992b
Eastern European science needs sweeping changes p992
Witold F. Palosz
doi:10.1038/440992c
Reviewers peering from under a pile of 'omics' data p992
Jeremy K. Nicholson
doi:10.1038/440992d
Commentary
Chernobyl and the future: Too soon for a final diagnosis p993
Twenty years ago, the nuclear accident at Chernobyl exposed hundreds of thousands of people to radioactive fallout. We still have much to learn about its consequences, argue Dillwyn Williams and Keith Baverstock.
doi:10.1038/440993a
See also: Editor's summary
Books and Arts
Hollow centre p995
Nanotechnology is a discipline in the throes of an existential crisis.
Richard A. L. Jones reviews The Dance of Molecules: How Nanotechnology is Changing our Lives by Ted Sargent
doi:10.1038/440995a
Looking for clues p996
Anthony Busuttil reviews Murderous Methods: Using Forensic Science to Solve Lethal Crimes by Mark Benecke
doi:10.1038/440996a
Turning to fraud p996
Jennifer Rohn reviews Intuition by Allegra Goodman
doi:10.1038/440996b
Science in culture: The zenith of Islamic science p997
An exhibition in Britain explores a rich scientific heritage.
Philip Ball
doi:10.1038/440997a
News and Views
Neuroscience: Spikes too kinky in the cortex? p999
The Hodgkin–Huxley theory that explains the mechanism of how neurons fire forms the cornerstone of computational neuroscience. But something it hasn't predicted is happening in the brain cortex.
Boris Gutkin and G. Bard Ermentrout
doi:10.1038/440999a
See also: Editor's summary
Glaciology: Ice-sheet plumbing in Antarctica p1000
It's not easy to work out what is going on beneath four kilometres of ice. But remote imaging has enabled the discovery of the long-distance discharge of water from one subglacial lake to another in Antarctica.
Garry K. C. Clarke
doi:10.1038/4401000a
See also: Editor's summary
Evolution: Spot on (and off) p1001
The repeated appearance and loss of a spot on the wings of fruitflies during their evolution is caused by mutations in one gene. This finding provides an unprecedented window on the genetics of convergent evolution.
Gregory A. Wray
doi:10.1038/4401001a
See also: Editor's summary
Astronomy: Trouble at first light p1002
The question of how much light the first stars produced is fundamental to models of the Universe's development. But observations have so far failed to agree: is the answer a lot, or not very much at all?
Piero Madau
doi:10.1038/4401002a
See also: Editor's summary
Brief Communications
Biomechanics: A pneumo-hydrostatic skeleton in land crabs p1005
A sophisticated dual support system enables a crab to stay mobile immediately after moulting.
Jennifer R. A. Taylor and William M. Kier
doi:10.1038/4401005a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (186K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Articles
Weak pairwise correlations imply strongly correlated network states in a neural population p1007
Elad Schneidman, Michael J. Berry, II, Ronen Segev and William Bialek
doi:10.1038/nature04701
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (593K) | Supplementary information
Crystal structure of an Hsp90–nucleotide–p23/Sba1 closed chaperone complex p1013
Maruf M. U. Ali, S. Mark Roe, Cara K. Vaughan, Phillipe Meyer, Barry Panaretou, Peter W. Piper, Chrisostomos Prodromou and Laurence H. Pearl
doi:10.1038/nature04716
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (620K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Letters
A low level of extragalactic background light as revealed by 
-rays from blazars p1018
F. Aharonian, A. G. Akhperjanian, A. R. Bazer-Bachi, M. Beilicke, W. Benbow, D. Berge, K. Bernlöhr, C. Boisson, O. Bolz, V. Borrel, I. Braun, F. Breitling, A. M. Brown, P. M. Chadwick, L.-M. Chounet, R. Cornils, L. Costamante, B. Degrange, H. J. Dickinson, A. Djannati-Ataï, L. O'C. Drury, G. Dubus, D. Emmanoulopoulos, P. Espigat, F. Feinstein, G. Fontaine, Y. Fuchs, S. Funk, Y. A. Gallant, B. Giebels, S. Gillessen, J. F. Glicenstein, P. Goret, C. Hadjichristidis, D. Hauser, M. Hauser, G. Heinzelmann, G. Henri, G. Hermann, J. A. Hinton, W. Hofmann, M. Holleran, D. Horns, A. Jacholkowska, O. C. de Jager, B. Khélifi, S. Klages, Nu. Komin, A. Konopelko, I. J. Latham, R. Le Gallou, A. Lemière, M. Lemoine-Goumard, N. Leroy, T. Lohse, J. M. Martin, O. Martineau-Huynh, A. Marcowith, C. Masterson, T. J. L. McComb, M. de Naurois, S. J. Nolan, A. Noutsos, K. J. Orford, J. L. Osborne, M. Ouchrif, M. Panter, G. Pelletier, S. Pita, G. Pühlhofer, M. Punch, B. C. Raubenheimer, M. Raue, J. Raux, S. M. Rayner, A. Reimer, O. Reimer, J. Ripken, L. Rob, L. Rolland, G. Rowell, V. Sahakian, L. Saugé, S. Schlenker, R. Schlickeiser, C. Schuster, U. Schwanke, M. Siewert, H. Sol, D. Spangler, R. Steenkamp, C. Stegmann, J.-P. Tavernet, R. Terrier, C. G. Théoret, M. Tluczykont, C. van Eldik, G. Vasileiadis, C. Venter, P. Vincent, H. J. Völk and S. J. Wagner
doi:10.1038/nature04680
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (218K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Madau
Experimental determination of entanglement with a single measurement p1022
S. P. Walborn, P. H. Souto Ribeiro, L. Davidovich, F. Mintert and A. Buchleitner
doi:10.1038/nature04627
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (232K)
See also: Editor's summary
Polarons and confinement of electronic motion to two dimensions in a layered manganite p1025
H. M. Rønnow, Ch. Renner, G. Aeppli, T. Kimura and Y. Tokura
doi:10.1038/nature04650
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (2,879K)
Climate sensitivity constrained by temperature reconstructions over the past seven centuries p1029
Gabriele C. Hegerl, Thomas J. Crowley, William T. Hyde and David J. Frame
doi:10.1038/nature04679
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (533K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Rapid discharge connects Antarctic subglacial lakes p1033
Duncan J. Wingham, Martin J. Siegert, Andrew Shepherd and Alan S. Muir
doi:10.1038/nature04660
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (689K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Clarke
A Cretaceous terrestrial snake with robust hindlimbs and a sacrum p1037
Sebastián Apesteguía and Hussam Zaher
doi:10.1038/nature04413
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (428K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Evolution of cooperative strategies from first principles p1041
Mikhail Burtsev and Peter Turchin
doi:10.1038/nature04470
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (184K)
See also: Editor's summary
DNA sequence of human chromosome 17 and analysis of rearrangement in the human lineage p1045
Michael C. Zody, Manuel Garber, David J. Adams, Ted Sharpe, Jennifer Harrow, James R. Lupski, Christine Nicholson, Steven M. Searle, Laurens Wilming, Sarah K. Young, Amr Abouelleil, Nicole R. Allen, Weimin Bi, Toby Bloom, Mark L. Borowsky, Boris E. Bugalter, Jonathan Butler, Jean L. Chang, Chao-Kung Chen, April Cook, Benjamin Corum, Christina A. Cuomo, Pieter J. de Jong, David DeCaprio, Ken Dewar, Michael FitzGerald, James Gilbert, Richard Gibson, Sante Gnerre, Steven Goldstein, Darren V. Grafham, Russell Grocock, Nabil Hafez, Daniel S. Hagopian, Elizabeth Hart, Catherine Hosage Norman, Sean Humphray, David B. Jaffe, Matt Jones, Michael Kamal, Varsha K. Khodiyar, Kurt LaButti, Gavin Laird, Jessica Lehoczky, Xiaohong Liu, Tashi Lokyitsang, Jane Loveland, Annie Lui, Pendexter Macdonald, John E. Major, Lucy Matthews, Evan Mauceli, Steven A. McCarroll, Atanas H. Mihalev, Jonathan Mudge, Cindy Nguyen, Robert Nicol, Sinéad B. O'Leary, Kazutoyo Osoegawa, David C. Schwartz, Charles Shaw-Smith, Pawel Stankiewicz, Charles Steward, David Swarbreck, Vijay Venkataraman, Charles A. Whittaker, Xiaoping Yang, Andrew R. Zimmer, Allan Bradley, Tim Hubbard, Bruce W. Birren, Jane Rogers, Eric S. Lander and Chad Nusbaum
doi:10.1038/nature04689
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (325K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Repeated morphological evolution through cis-regulatory changes in a pleiotropic gene p1050
Benjamin Prud'homme, Nicolas Gompel, Antonis Rokas, Victoria A. Kassner, Thomas M. Williams, Shu-Dan Yeh, John R. True and Sean B. Carroll
doi:10.1038/nature04597
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (428K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Wray
Synaptic scaling mediated by glial TNF-
p1054
David Stellwagen and Robert C. Malenka
doi:10.1038/nature04671
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (3,061K) | Supplementary information
Unique features of action potential initiation in cortical neurons p1060
Björn Naundorf, Fred Wolf and Maxim Volgushev
doi:10.1038/nature04610
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (519K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Gutkin & Ermentrout
Enhanced bacterial clearance and sepsis resistance in caspase-12-deficient mice p1064
Maya Saleh, John C. Mathison, Melissa K. Wolinski, Steve J. Bensinger, Patrick Fitzgerald, Nathalie Droin, Richard J. Ulevitch, Douglas R. Green and Donald W. Nicholson
doi:10.1038/nature04656
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (399K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Spatiotemporal dynamics of RhoA activity in migrating cells p1069
Olivier Pertz, Louis Hodgson, Richard L. Klemke and Klaus M. Hahn
doi:10.1038/nature04665
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (600K) | Supplementary information
Pharmaco-metabonomic phenotyping and personalized drug treatment p1073
T. Andrew Clayton, John C. Lindon, Olivier Cloarec, Henrik Antti, Claude Charuel, Gilles Hanton, Jean-Pierre Provost, Jean-Loïc Le Net, David Baker, Rosalind J. Walley, Jeremy R. Everett and Jeremy K. Nicholson
doi:10.1038/nature04648
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (357K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Designed divergent evolution of enzyme function p1078
Yasuo Yoshikuni, Thomas E. Ferrin and Jay D. Keasling
doi:10.1038/nature04607
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (548K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Naturejobs
ProspectPhysical exertion p1083
Enrolment in US graduate physics programmes shifts from foreign to domestic.
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj7087-1083a
Special Report
Seeing the big picture p1084
Creating a new drug is a long and painstaking process, involving the skills and talents of numerous types of scientist, says Hannah Hoag. Each is vital to different stages of producing a drug that's both safe and effective. Drug development draws on various kinds of scientist.
Hannah Hoag
doi:10.1038/nj7087-1084a
Career Views
Thomas Baer, executive director, Stanford Photonics Research Center, California p1086
Industrial physicist returns to academic roots.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj7087-1086a
Finding your north p1086
Website aims to help scientists locate true career calling.
Frederick Moore
doi:10.1038/nj7087-1086b
The great Gatsby p1086
Graduate student learns from watching herself on TV.
Mhairi Dupre
doi:10.1038/nj7087-1086c
