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Nature 439, 409 (26 January 2006) | doi:10.1038/439409a; Received 2 August 2005; Accepted 22 December 2005; Published online 25 January 2006

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Biogeography: Molecular trails from hitch-hiking snails

Edmund Gittenberger1,2, Dick S. J. Groenenberg1, Bas Kokshoorn2 & Richard C. Preece3

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Migrating birds may have transported the Balea land snail across vast distances to remote islands.

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Darwin was fascinated by the transportation of land snails across great swathes of open ocean by birds — he even immersed snails in sea water to see how long they would survive1. Here we follow a molecular phylogenetic trail that reveals the incredible transequatorial dispersal of the land snail Balea from Europe to the Azores and the Tristan da Cunha islands, and back again. This long-distance dispersal is unexpected for what are proverbially considered the most pedestrian of creatures.

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