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Brief Communications Arising

Nature 438, E3-E4 (17 November 2005) | doi:10.1038/nature04355; Published online 16 November 2005

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Origin of flight: Could 'four-winged' dinosaurs fly? (Reply)

Xing Xu1,2, Zhonghe Zhou1, Xiaolin Wang1, Xuewen Kuang3, Fucheng Zhang1 & Xiangke Du4

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We agree that a strict biomechanical analysis is needed to reconstruct Microraptor's locomotory mode, but we disagree with several of Padian and Dial's arguments1. In addition to the six Microraptor specimens we described2, other similarly preserved specimens3 have been discovered that also had long, asymmetrical pennaceous feathers attached to the hindlimbs2. These feathers show features that are functionally correlated with flight4. A large, feathery surface on the legs would increase, rather than decrease1, drag during running, as evidenced by the reduced or lost filamentous integumentary structures on the lower legs of cursorial birds and mammals.

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