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GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 encodes a soluble receptor for gibberellin

Nature volume 437, pages 693–698 (2005)Cite this article

Abstract

Gibberellins (GAs) are phytohormones that are essential for many developmental processes in plants. It has been postulated that plants have both membrane-bound and soluble GA receptors; however, no GA receptors have yet been identified. Here we report the isolation and characterization of a new GA-insensitive dwarf mutant of rice, gid1. The GID1 gene encodes an unknown protein with similarity to the hormone-sensitive lipases, and we observed preferential localization of a GID1–green fluorescent protein (GFP) signal in nuclei. Recombinant glutathione S-transferase (GST)–GID1 had a high affinity only for biologically active GAs, whereas mutated GST–GID1 corresponding to three gid1 alleles had no GA-binding affinity. The dissociation constant for GA4 was estimated to be around 10-7 M, enough to account for the GA dependency of shoot elongation. Moreover, GID1 bound to SLR1, a rice DELLA protein, in a GA-dependent manner in yeast cells. GID1 overexpression resulted in a GA-hypersensitive phenotype. Together, our results indicate that GID1 is a soluble receptor mediating GA signalling in rice.

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Figure 1: GA-insensitive phenotype of gid1-1.
Figure 2: The slr1-1/gid1-1 double mutant has the slr1-1 phenotype.
Figure 3: Structure of GID1.
Figure 4: GA-binding properties of GID1.
Figure 5: Interaction between GID1 and SLR1, and the phenotype of a GID1 overexpressor.

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Acknowledgements

We thank H. Oomiya, S. Hattori and I. Aichi for technical assistance, and C. Ueguchi for suggestions regarding the yeast two-hybrid assay. This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for the Center of Excellence, the Program for the Promotion of Basic Research Activities for Innovative Bioscience (M.M. and H.K), the MAFF Rice Genome Project, IP1003 (M.A. and M.M.), and by the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (I.Y., M.N. and M.U.-T.).

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Author notes

  1. Teh-yuan Chow

    Present address: Institute of Biotechnology, Central Taiwan University of Science and Technology, Taichung, 406, Taiwan

  2. Miyako Ueguchi-Tanaka, Motoyuki Ashikari and Masatoshi Nakajima: *These authors contributed equally to this work

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioscience and Biotechnology Center, Nagoya University, 464-8601, Nagoya, Japan

    Miyako Ueguchi-Tanaka, Motoyuki Ashikari, Hironori Itoh, Hidemi Kitano & Makoto Matsuoka

  2. Department of Applied Biological Chemistry, The University of Tokyo, 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan

    Masatoshi Nakajima & Isomaro Yamaguchi

  3. Department of Biochemistry, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences, 305-8602, Tsukuba, Japan

    Etsuko Katoh

  4. BioResources Center, Tsukuba, Riken, 305-0074, Japan

    Masatomo Kobayashi

  5. Institute of Botany Academia, Sinica, 11529, Taipei, Taiwan

    Teh-yuan Chow & Yue-ie C. Hsing

  6. Biotechnology Research Center, The University of Tokyo, 113-8657, Tokyo, Japan

    Isomaro Yamaguchi

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  1. Miyako Ueguchi-Tanaka
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Correspondence to Makoto Matsuoka.

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Competing interests

Sequence data from this article have been deposited in the DDBJ/EMBL/GenBank databases under accession number AB211399. Reprints and permissions information is available at npg.nature.com/reprintsandpermissions. The authors declare no competing financial interests.

Supplementary information

Supplementary Figure S1

Positional cloning and the structure of GID1 gene. (PDF 220 kb)

Supplementary Figure S2a

Reversibility of GA-binding to GST-GID1. (PDF 248 kb)

Supplementary Figure S3

Structures of GAs in Table1. (PDF 227 kb)

Supplementary Figure Legends

Text to accompany the above Supplementary Figures (DOC 22 kb)

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Ueguchi-Tanaka, M., Ashikari, M., Nakajima, M. et al. GIBBERELLIN INSENSITIVE DWARF1 encodes a soluble receptor for gibberellin. Nature 437, 693–698 (2005). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature04028

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