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Nature 437, 362-368 (15 September 2005) | doi:10.1038/nature04161; Published online 14 September 2005
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Senior Scientist, Chemoinformatics
- Novo Nordisk Foundation Center for Protein Research, University of Copenhagen
- Copenhagen 2200 Denmark
Bioresearch Manager
- Philip Morris International (PMI)
- Singapore
Review Polar ocean ecosystems in a changing world
Victor Smetacek1 & Stephen Nicol2,3
Abstract
Polar organisms have adapted their seasonal cycles to the dynamic interface between ice and water. This interface ranges from the micrometre-sized brine channels within sea ice to the planetary-scale advance and retreat of sea ice. Polar marine ecosystems are particularly sensitive to climate change because small temperature differences can have large effects on the extent and thickness of sea ice. Little is known about the interactions between large, long-lived organisms and their planktonic food supply. Disentangling the effects of human exploitation of upper trophic levels from basin-wide, decade-scale climate cycles to identify long-term, global trends is a daunting challenge facing polar bio-oceanography.
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