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Nature 437, 198-199 (8 September 2005) | doi:10.1038/437198a; Published online 7 September 2005

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Biological physics: Rare returns on lost effort

Wesley P. Wong1 & Evan Evans1

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How does the size of a system affect its thermodynamic irreversibility? A deft experiment that observes the unfolding and refolding of a single molecule of RNA provides insights into the question at a small scale.

When vigorously stirred, a cup of coffee will heat up; a cup of hot coffee, however, will never stir a spoon (Fig. 1).

  1. Wesley P. Wong and Evan Evans are in the Department of Biomedical Engineering, Boston University, 44 Cummington Street, Boston, Massachusetts 02215, USA. Wesley P. Wong is also in the Department of Physics, Harvard University, 17 Oxford Street, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA.
    Email: wesley@physics.harvard.edu; Email: evanse@bu.edu

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