Editorials

Running out of juice p247

Despite the hype, there's no sign that the Congress will produce an energy bill worthy of the formidable energy-policy challenges faced by the United States.

doi: 10.1038/435247a

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Iran's long march p247

Scientific excellence can re-emerge in Iran, unless there is political upheaval or further sanctions.

doi: 10.1038/435247b

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Policing integrity p248

Plagiarism allegations should serve as reminders that universities cannot police misconduct on their own.

doi: 10.1038/435247c

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Research Highlights

Research highlights p250

doi: 10.1038/435250a

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News

Planet hunters lose out to Hubble rescue p252

NASA belt-tightening endangers future missions.

Tony Reichhardt

doi: 10.1038/435252a

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Large genomic differences explain our little quirks p252

It's not just individual genes that vary between us all.

Erika Check

doi: 10.1038/435252b

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Sidelines p253

doi: 10.1038/435253a

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Ethicists urge caution over emotive power of brain scans p254

Images may too easily sway public opinion.

Erika Check

doi: 10.1038/435254a

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Snapshot:  Eureka moment as X-rays slice through forgery p257

doi: 10.1038/435257a

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US aid agency grilled over malaria funds p257

Congress questions where disease-fighting money has gone.

Declan Butler

doi: 10.1038/435257b

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Special Report: Taking on the cheats p258

The true extent of plagiarism is unknown, but rising cases of suspect submissions are forcing editors to take action. Jim Giles reports.

doi: 10.1038/435258a

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See also: Editor's summary

News in brief p260

doi: 10.1038/435260a

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News Features

Iranian neuroscience:  The brains trust of Tehran p264

An Islamic theocracy ravaged by economic sanctions isn't an obvious place to seek a vibrant cognitive-neuroscience research group. Yet that's what Alison Abbott found on a recent trip to Iran.

doi: 10.1038/435264a

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Mars exploration:  Going underground p266

A new generation of planetary radar aims to look deeper than ever into some of the Solar System's most enduring mysteries. Tony Reichhardt gets ready for a trip to the interior.

doi: 10.1038/435266a

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Stem-cell niches:  It's the ecology, stupid! p268

Stem cells are engaged in constant crosstalk with their environment, biologists are fast realizing. So the emerging field of regenerative medicine is now wrestling with the ecological concept of the niche. Kendall Powell reports.

doi: 10.1038/435268a

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Business

Licensing fees slow advance of stem cells p272

Would-be entrants to the embryonic stem-cell business find access to the technology prohibitively expensive, Meredith Wadman reports.

doi: 10.1038/435272a

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In brief p273

doi: 10.1038/435273a

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Market watch p273

doi: 10.1038/435273b

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Correspondence

When science meets religion in the classroom p275

Jerry Coyne

doi: 10.1038/435275a

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Teaching about ID helps students see its flaws p275

David Leaf

doi: 10.1038/435275b

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Evolution is a short-order cook, not a watchmaker p275

Chris Miller

doi: 10.1038/435275c

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Seeking evidence of God's work undermines faith p275

Douglas W. Yu

doi: 10.1038/435275d

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Leave well alone and stick to teaching what you know p276

Rustum Roy

doi: 10.1038/435276a

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Intelligent design or intellectual laziness? p276

Michael Lynch

doi: 10.1038/435276b

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Solidarity with the oppressed flat-Earthers p276

Dan Graur

doi: 10.1038/435276c

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Books and Arts

Reason to fight back p277

A stout defence of the evidence-based approach from attacks on all sides.

John Durant reviews The March of Unreason: Science, Democracy, and the New Fundamentalism by Dick Taverne

doi: 10.1038/435277a

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At the trowel's edge p278

Pat Shipman reviews The Goddess and the Bull: Çatalhöyük: An Archaeological Journey to the Dawn of Civilization by Michael Balter

doi: 10.1038/435278a

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Hidden depths p279

Jon Copley reviews Fathoming the Ocean: The Discovery and Exploration of the Deep Sea by Helen M. Rozwadowski and The Remarkable Life of William Beebe: Explorer and Naturalist by Carol Grant Gould and Descent: The Heroic Discovery of the Abyss by Brad Matsen

doi: 10.1038/435279a

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Science in culture: The music of life p280

Composer Thilo Krigar seeks to represent the flow of genetic information.

Juliane Mössinger

doi: 10.1038/435280a

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Essay

Capturing chaos p281

Ergodicity: a fundamental assumption of statistical physics — anything that can happen will happen — was thrown into question 50 years ago. Now it looks solid after all.

Mark Buchanan

doi: 10.1038/435281a

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News and Views

Evolutionary biology:  Geography and skin colour p283

Human skin comes in many different shades. Recent studies of geographical differences in skin colour open up the subject scientifically by offering sophisticated accounts of the basis of this variation.

Jared Diamond

doi: 10.1038/435283a

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See also: Editor's summary

Earthquakes:  Future shock in California p284

For California, probabilistic principles can be applied to the short-term forecasting of further ground-shaking following an earthquake. How such predictions will be used by the public remains to be seen.

Duncan Agnew

doi: 10.1038/435284a

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Molecular motors:  Kinesin steps back p285

Kinesin is a protein motor that ferries membrane-bound packages around cells — but only in one direction. Forcing it into reverse provides clues to its inner workings and to how molecular machines might be engineered.

Justin E. Molloy and Stephan Schmitz

doi: 10.1038/435285a

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Particle physics:  Vanishing pentaquarks p287

After a first inconclusive sighting, the search for exotic particles that consist of five quarks has been hotly pursued in the past few years. But the weight of evidence is now shifting against their existence.

Frank Close

doi: 10.1038/435287a

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Neuroscience:  Plasticity and its limits p288

How much can the adult brain compensate for injury to the senses of touch or vision, for example? The answer from the latest results on the visual system, involving damage to the retina, seems to be 'very little'.

Martin I. Sereno

doi: 10.1038/435288a

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Timekeeping:  Light-insensitive optical clock p291

Interactions between trapped neutral atoms have prevented their use as the ultimate frequency standard in optical clocks. A clever trapping scheme circumvents this problem and may push timekeeping to new limits.

Thomas Udem

doi: 10.1038/435291a

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Obituary:  Saunders Mac Lane (1909−2005) p292

Outstanding mathematician and mentor who invented category theory.

Klaus Peters

doi: 10.1038/435292a

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Brief Communications

Psychology:  Red enhances human performance in contests p293

Signals biologically attributed to red coloration in males may operate in the arena of combat sports.

Russell A. Hill and Robert A. Barton

doi: 10.1038/435293a

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (135K) | Supplementary information

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Articles

Three-dimensional deformation caused by the Bam, Iran, earthquake and the origin of shallow slip deficit p295

Yuri Fialko, David Sandwell, Mark Simons and Paul Rosen

doi: 10.1038/nature03425

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (314K) | Supplementary information

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Lack of long-term cortical reorganization after macaque retinal lesions p300

Stelios M. Smirnakis, Alyssa A. Brewer, Michael C. Schmid, Andreas S. Tolias, Almut Schüz, Mark Augath, Werner Inhoffen, Brian A. Wandell and Nikos K. Logothetis

doi: 10.1038/nature03495

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (501K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Sereno

Mechanics of the kinesin step p308

N. J. Carter and R. A. Cross

doi: 10.1038/nature03528

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (406K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Molloy & Schmitz

Letters

Detection and imaging of atmospheric radio flashes from cosmic ray air showers p313

H. Falcke, W. D. Apel, A. F. Badea, L. Bähren, K. Bekk, A. Bercuci, M. Bertaina, P. L. Biermann, J. Blümer, H. Bozdog, I. M. Brancus, S. Buitink, M. Brüggemann, P. Buchholz, H. Butcher, A. Chiavassa, K. Daumiller, A. G. de Bruyn, C. M. de Vos, F. Di Pierro, P. Doll, R. Engel, H. Gemmeke, P. L. Ghia, R. Glasstetter, C. Grupen, A. Haungs, D. Heck, J. R. Hörandel, A. Horneffer, T. Huege, K.-H. Kampert, G. W. Kant, U. Klein, Y. Kolotaev, Y. Koopman, O. Krömer, J. Kuijpers, S. Lafebre, G. Maier, H. J. Mathes, H. J. Mayer, J. Milke, B. Mitrica, C. Morello, G. Navarra, S. Nehls, A. Nigl, R. Obenland, J. Oehlschläger, S. Ostapchenko, S. Over, H. J. Pepping, M. Petcu, J. Petrovic, S. Plewnia, H. Rebel, A. Risse, M. Roth, H. Schieler, G. Schoonderbeek, O. Sima, M. Stümpert, G. Toma, G. C. Trinchero, H. Ulrich, S. Valchierotti, J. van Buren, W. van Cappellen, W. Walkowiak, A. Weindl, S. Wijnholds, J. Wochele, J. Zabierowski, J. A. Zensus and D. Zimmermann

doi: 10.1038/nature03614

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (151K) | Supplementary information

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CO self-shielding as the origin of oxygen isotope anomalies in the early solar nebula p317

J. R. Lyons and E. D. Young

doi: 10.1038/nature03557

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (235K) | Supplementary information

An optical lattice clock p321

Masao Takamoto, Feng-Lei Hong, Ryoichi Higashi and Hidetoshi Katori

doi: 10.1038/nature03541

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (300K)

See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Udem

Micrometre-scale silicon electro-optic modulator p325

Qianfan Xu, Bradley Schmidt, Sameer Pradhan and Michal Lipson

doi: 10.1038/nature03569

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (234K)

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Real-time forecasts of tomorrow's earthquakes in California p328

Matthew C. Gerstenberger, Stefan Wiemer, Lucile M. Jones and Paul A. Reasenberg

doi: 10.1038/nature03622

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (244K) | Supplementary information

See also: Editor's summary | News and Views by Agnew

Direct dating of Early Upper Palaeolithic human remains from Mlade p332

Eva M. Wild, Maria Teschler-Nicola, Walter Kutschera, Peter Steier, Erik Trinkaus and Wolfgang Wanek

doi: 10.1038/nature03585

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (218K) | Supplementary information

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Distinguishing random environmental fluctuations from ecological catastrophes for the North Pacific Ocean p336

Chih-hao Hsieh, Sarah M. Glaser, Andrew J. Lucas and George Sugihara

doi: 10.1038/nature03553

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (158K) | Supplementary information

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Sustained firing in auditory cortex evoked by preferred stimuli p341

Xiaoqin Wang, Thomas Lu, Ross K. Snider and Li Liang

doi: 10.1038/nature03565

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Regulation of PDGF signalling and vascular remodelling by peroxiredoxin II p347

Min Hee Choi, In Kyung Lee, Gyung Whan Kim, Bang Ul Kim, Ying-Hao Han, Dae-Yeul Yu, Hye Sun Park, Kyung Yong Kim, Jong Seo Lee, Chulhee Choi, Yun Soo Bae, Byung In Lee, Sue Goo Rhee and Sang Won Kang

doi: 10.1038/nature03587

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (445K) | Supplementary information

The Mesp2 transcription factor establishes segmental borders by suppressing Notch activity p354

Mitsuru Morimoto, Yu Takahashi, Maho Endo and Yumiko Saga

doi: 10.1038/nature03591

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (388K) | Supplementary information

The Ter mutation in the dead end gene causes germ cell loss and testicular germ cell tumours p360

Kirsten K. Youngren, Douglas Coveney, Xiaoning Peng, Chitralekha Bhattacharya, Laura S. Schmidt, Michael L. Nickerson, Bruce T. Lamb, Jian Min Deng, Richard R. Behringer, Blanche Capel, Edward M. Rubin, Joseph H. Nadeau and Angabin Matin

doi: 10.1038/nature03595

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (371K) | Supplementary information

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Non-equilibration of hydrostatic pressure in blebbing cells p365

Guillaume T. Charras, Justin C. Yarrow, Mike A. Horton, L. Mahadevan and T. J. Mitchison

doi: 10.1038/nature03550

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (367K) | Supplementary information

DNA synthesis provides the driving force to accelerate DNA unwinding by a helicase p370

Natalie M. Stano, Yong-Joo Jeong, Ilker Donmez, Padmaja Tummalapalli, Mikhail K. Levin and Smita S. Patel

doi: 10.1038/nature03615

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (250K) | Supplementary information

Structure of the zinc-binding domain of an essential component of the hepatitis C virus replicase p374

Timothy L. Tellinghuisen, Joseph Marcotrigiano and Charles M. Rice

doi: 10.1038/nature03580

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (411K) | Supplementary information

Naturejobs

To plan...or not to plan? p381

Senior scientists often say they haven't carefully planned their career pathway—but recommend that younger scientists still create some goals to follow.

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/nj7040-381a

Full Text | PDF (138K)

Movers p382

Physicist advances in spite of 'two-body' problem

Robert Rosner

doi:10.1038/nj7040-382a

Full Text | PDF (128K)

Recruiters & Academia p382

Lessons learned from a denied grant

Dorothy Mundy

doi:10.1038/nj7040-382b

Full Text | PDF (130K)

Graduate Journal:  Dissin' the dissertation p382

Student wonders about the relevance of writing a dissertation

Jason Underwood

doi:10.1038/nj7040-382c

Full Text | PDF (130K)

Highlight on Austria

doi:10.1038/nj0002

Full Text

Futures

Climate change p384

What will happen in the cold light of day?

Michael Hanlon

doi: 10.1038/435384a

Full Text | PDF (171K)