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Nature 434, 280-283 (17 March 2005) | doi:10.1038/434280a; Published online 16 March 2005

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Planetary science:  Picturing a recently active Mars

Victor R. Baker1

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Discoveries made with the High Resolution Stereo Camera on the Mars Express orbiter show that, as recently as a few million years ago, the surface of Mars was being shaped by flowing water, lava and ice.

Spectacular ground-based images and chemical analyses of ancient sedimentary rock formations1 leave no doubt that Mars had a watery ancient past. These discoveries by NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Mission apply to the Noachian epoch of Mars history — the first several hundred million years of the Solar System, when the impact rate of meteors and comets was much higher than in the past 3–4 billion years2.

  1. Victor R. Baker is in the Department of Hydrology and Water Resources, and the Lunar and Planetary Laboratory, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona 85721-0011, USA.
    e-mail: Email: baker@hwr.arizona.edu

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