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Nature 430, 241 (8 July 2004) | doi:10.1038/430241a; Published online 8 July 2004

introduction Infection and immunity

Ursula Weiss1

Infectious diseases remain a serious medical burden in both developing and industrialized countries. The emergence of new diseases such as HIV/AIDS and severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the resurgence of known diseases such as West Nile disease and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis, and the threat of deliberately developed man-made infections are cause for concern.