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Supramolecular dendritic liquid quasicrystals

Nature volume 428, pages 157–160 (2004)Cite this article

Abstract

A large number of synthetic and natural compounds self-organize into bulk phases exhibiting periodicities on the 10-8–10-6 metre scale1 as a consequence of their molecular shape, degree of amphiphilic character and, often, the presence of additional non-covalent interactions. Such phases are found in lyotropic systems2 (for example, lipid–water, soap–water), in a range of block copolymers3 and in thermotropic (solvent-free) liquid crystals4. The resulting periodicity can be one-dimensional (lamellar phases), two-dimensional (columnar phases) or three dimensional (‘micellar’ or ‘bicontinuous’ phases). All such two- and three-dimensional structures identified to date obey the rules of crystallography and their symmetry can be described, respectively, by one of the 17 plane groups or 230 space groups. The ‘micellar’ phases have crystallographic counterparts in transition-metal alloys, where just one metal atom is equivalent to a 103 - 104-atom micelle. However, some metal alloys are known to defy the rules of crystallography and form so-called quasicrystals, which have rotational symmetry other than the allowed two-, three-, four- or six-fold symmetry5. Here we show that such quasiperiodic structures can also exist in the scaled-up micellar phases, representing a new mode of organization in soft matter.

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Figure 1: Self-assembly of wedge-shaped molecules.
Figure 2: Experimental and simulated X-ray diffraction patterns of the LQC.
Figure 3: Packing of spheres in the LQC and other related t.c.p. structures.

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Acknowledgements

We thank A. Gleeson and P. Baker for assistance with X-ray diffraction experiments. We are grateful to P. A. Heiney, T. C. Lubensky and R. D. Kamien for reading the draft manuscript and for their suggestions. We acknowledge CCLRC for providing synchrotron beamtime. The synthesis part of the work was supported by the NSF.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Engineering Materials, University of Sheffield, S1 3JD, Sheffield, UK

    Xiangbing Zeng, Goran Ungar & Yongsong Liu

  2. Roy & Diana Vagelos Laboratories, Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, 19104-6323, USA

    Virgil Percec & Andrés E. Dulcey

  3. H. H. Wills Physics Laboratory, University of Bristol, BS8 1TL, Bristol, UK

    Jamie K. Hobbs

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  1. Xiangbing Zeng
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Correspondence to Goran Ungar.

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Zeng, X., Ungar, G., Liu, Y. et al. Supramolecular dendritic liquid quasicrystals. Nature 428, 157–160 (2004). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature02368

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