Table of contents
Volume 427 Number 6972 pp271-378
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Editorials
Towards a German élite p271
A new government initiative to promote university development is a welcome attempt to stem the exodus of outstanding researchers from Germany. But it is also necessary to sustain deeper reform of the country's academic system.
doi:10.1038/427271a
Back to the Moon p271
Despite scientific casualties, sending people to the Moon is politically the best way forward for science in the long term.
doi:10.1038/427271b
News
NASA's drive to revisit the Moon leaves no scope for Hubble p273
Tony Reichhardt
doi:10.1038/427273a
Bird flu sparks worldwide bid to prevent human pandemic p274
Alison Abbott & David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/427274a
Director quits as cash cutbacks hit Californian labs p274
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/427274b
Feathers fly over welfare of hemmed-in hens p275
Laura Nelson
doi:10.1038/427275a
Ministers prepare to back neuroscience network p275
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/427275b
Resignation threats add steel to French revolt p276
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/427276a
Europe's researchers up in arms over clinical-trial rules p276
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/427276b
Health concerns prompt US review of exotic-pet trade p277
Erika Check
doi:10.1038/427277a
Telepathic charm seduces audience at paranormal debate p277
John Whitfield
doi:10.1038/427277b
News in brief p278
doi:10.1038/427278a
News Features
Star quality p282
Japan's Nobel laureates have a celebrity status that outstrips anything seen by their contemporaries in North America or Europe. How have they balanced the desire to be a positive influence with the need to retain some privacy? David Cyranoski finds out.
doi:10.1038/427282a
Microbiology: Gut reaction p284
Consumers are stocking up on live yoghurts and fermented drinks that claim to improve health. But is there any science behind the marketing of these 'probiotic' products? Alison Abbott investigates.
doi:10.1038/427284a
Correspondence
Milton and Galileo would back BMJ on free speech p287
Arguments, crazy ideas and open communication are the lifeblood of science.
Richard Smith
doi:10.1038/427287a
X-ray clues to viability of loop quantum gravity p287
Philip Kaaret
doi:10.1038/427287b
Return of bone archives is a loss to humanity p287
Neil Chalmers
doi:10.1038/427287c
Commentary
The hole truth p289
What's news (and what's not) about the ozone hole.
doi:10.1038/427289a
Books and Arts
The curious naturalist p293
Niko Tinbergen was one of the founders of ethology.
John Krebs reviews Niko's Nature by Hans Kruuk
doi:10.1038/427293a
Chemistry's bag of tricks p294
Bernadette Bensaude-Vincent reviews From Elements to Atoms: A History of Chemical Composition (Transaction 92-4)Robert Siegfried
doi:10.1038/427294a
Tuberculosis hits back p295
D. A. Mitchison reviews Return of the White Plague: Global Poverty and the 'New' Tuberculosis
doi:10.1038/427295a
Science in culture p296
John D. Barrow reviews
doi:10.1038/427296a
Essay
Turning pointsA meeting with Enrico Fermi p297
How one intuitive physicist rescued a team from fruitless research.
Freeman Dyson
doi:10.1038/427297a
News and Views
Astronomy: A problem of distance p299
How far is the Pleiades star cluster from Earth? The latest measurement suggests that there is a problem with data from the Hipparcos satellite, which will have repercussions for estimating other astronomical distances.
Bohdan Paczynski
doi:10.1038/427299a
Cell division: Burning the spindle at both ends p300
Accurate transmission of the genome during cell division requires the physical separation of replicated chromosomes. The identities of two molecular motors needed to do the job in fruitflies are now revealed.
Rebecca W. Heald
doi:10.1038/427300a
Nanotechnology: Dreams of a hollow future p301
Carbon nanotubes have become familiar components in nanotechnology. Nanotubes made from inorganic materials are now on the rise, the latest creation being nanoscale tubes of a complex manganese oxide.
Luis Hueso & Neil Mathur
doi:10.1038/427301a
100 and 50 years ago p303
doi:10.1038/427303a
Psychology: Insight and the sleep committee p304
We all spend about a third of our lives asleep, an essential but seemingly unproductive state. Experimental evidence now emerges to support anecdotal evidence that sleep can stimulate creative thinking.
Pierre Maquet & Perrine Ruby
doi:10.1038/427304a
Biogeochemistry: Carbon budget in the black p305
A significant fraction of a common organic component of marine sediments has an unexpected source, providing a fresh context for studies of the global carbon cycle in oceanic and terrestrial settings.
Michael W. I. Schmidt
doi:10.1038/427305a
Virology: A class act p307
Membrane fusion occurs in many situations in living organisms — when certain viruses enter host cells, for instance. Three crystal structures shed light on the protein rearrangements that bring about such fusion.
Theodore S. Jardetzky & Robert A. Lamb
doi:10.1038/427307a
News and views in brief p309
doi:10.1038/427309a
Brief Communications
Neuroplasticity: Changes in grey matter induced by training p311
Newly honed juggling skills show up as a transient feature on a brain-imaging scan.
Bogdan Draganski, Christian Gaser, Volker Busch, Gerhard Schuierer, Ulrich Bogdahn & Arne May
doi:10.1038/427311a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (279K)
Animal behaviour: Cognitive bias and affective state p312
Emma J. Harding, Elizabeth S. Paul & Michael Mendl
doi:10.1038/427312a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (93K)
Articles
Structure of the dengue virus envelope protein after membrane fusion p313
Yorgo Modis, Steven Ogata, David Clements & Stephen C. Harrison
doi:10.1038/nature02165
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,102K) | Supplementary information
Conformational change and protein–protein interactions of the fusion protein of Semliki Forest virus p320
Don L. Gibbons, Marie-Christine Vaney, Alain Roussel, Armelle Vigouroux, Brigid Reilly, Jean Lepault, Margaret Kielian & Félix A. Rey
doi:10.1038/nature02239
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (496K) | Supplementary information
Letters to Nature
A distance of 133–137 parsecs to the Pleiades star cluster p326
Xiaopei Pan, M. Shao & S. R. Kulkarni
doi:10.1038/nature02296
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (183K)
The microscopic nature of localization in the quantum Hall effect p328
S. Ilani, J. Martin, E. Teitelbaum, J. H. Smet, D. Mahalu, V. Umansky & A. Yacoby
doi:10.1038/nature02230
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (344K)
The role of increasing temperature variability in European summer heatwaves p332
Christoph Schär, Pier Luigi Vidale, Daniel Lüthi, Christoph Frei, Christian Häberli, Mark A. Liniger & Christof Appenzeller
doi:10.1038/nature02300
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (519K)
Reburial of fossil organic carbon in marine sediments p336
Angela F. Dickens, Yves Gélinas, Caroline A. Masiello, Stuart Wakeham & John I. Hedges
doi:10.1038/nature02299
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (188K) | Supplementary information
Melting of iron at the physical conditions of the Earth's core p339
Jeffrey H. Nguyen & Neil C. Holmes
doi:10.1038/nature02248
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (201K)
Chicken welfare is influenced more by housing conditions than by stocking density p342
Marian Stamp Dawkins, Christl A. Donnelly & Tracey A. Jones
doi:10.1038/nature02226
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (160K) | Supplementary information
Travelling waves in the occurrence of dengue haemorrhagic fever in Thailand p344
Derek A.T. Cummings, Rafael A. Irizarry, Norden E. Huang, Timothy P. Endy, Ananda Nisalak, Kumnuan Ungchusak & Donald S. Burke
doi:10.1038/nature02225
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (842K) | Supplementary information
A primitive Y chromosome in papaya marks incipient sex chromosome evolution p348
Zhiyong Liu, Paul H. Moore, Hao Ma, Christine M. Ackerman, Makandar Ragiba, Qingyi Yu, Heather M. Pearl, Minna S. Kim, Joseph W. Charlton, John I. Stiles, Francis T. Zee, Andrew H. Paterson & Ray Ming
doi:10.1038/nature02228
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (683K) | Supplementary information
Sleep inspires insight p352
Ullrich Wagner, Steffen Gais, Hilde Haider, Rolf Verleger & Jan Born
doi:10.1038/nature02223
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (183K)
Lymphocyte egress from thymus and peripheral lymphoid organs is dependent on S1P receptor 1 p355
Mehrdad Matloubian, Charles G. Lo, Guy Cinamon, Matthew J. Lesneski, Ying Xu, Volker Brinkmann, Maria L. Allende, Richard L. Proia & Jason G. Cyster
doi:10.1038/nature02284
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (484K) | Supplementary information
The mitochondrial calcium uniporter is a highly selective ion channel p360
Yuriy Kirichok, Grigory Krapivinsky & David E. Clapham
doi:10.1038/nature02246
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (814K) | Supplementary information
Two mitotic kinesins cooperate to drive sister chromatid separation during anaphase p364
Gregory C. Rogers, Stephen L. Rogers, Tamara A. Schwimmer, Stephanie C. Ems-McClung, Claire E. Walczak, Ronald D. Vale, Jonathan M. Scholey & David J. Sharp
doi:10.1038/nature02256
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (519K) | Supplementary information
The MAPK Hog1 recruits Rpd3 histone deacetylase to activate osmoresponsive genes p370
Eulàlia de Nadal, Meritxell Zapater, Paula M. Alepuz, Lauro Sumoy, Glòria Mas & Francesc Posas
doi:10.1038/nature02258
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (252K) | Supplementary information
Naturejobs
ProspectsShifting the balance p375
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/nj6972-375a
CAREERS AND RECRUITMENT
Mapping opportunities p376
Scientists who can combine geographic information systems with satellite data are in demand in a variety of disciplines. Virginia Gewin gets her bearings.
Virginia Gewin
doi:10.1038/nj6972-376a
Career View
Graduate Journal: A tough challenge p378
Amber Jenkins
doi:10.1038/nj6972-378a
Scientists & Societies: Giving young European students a voice p378
Alexandre Urani, Raoul Tan, Renzo Rubele & Daniel Mietchen
doi:10.1038/nj6972-378b
Movers p378
doi:10.1038/nj6972-378c
