1. Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
2. Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
3. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
4. Lebedev Institute of Physics, Moscow, 117924 Russia

Correspondence to: M. D. Lukin¹ Email: lukin@physics.harvard.edu

Abstract

Physical processes that could facilitate coherent control of light propagation are under active exploration^{1, 2, 3, 4, 5}. In addition to their fundamental interest, these efforts are stimulated by practical possibilities, such as the development of a quantum memory for photonic states^{6, 7, 8}. Controlled localization and storage of photonic pulses may also allow novel approaches to manipulating of light via enhanced nonlinear optical processes⁹. Recently, electromagnetically induced transparency¹⁰ was used to reduce the group velocity of propagating light pulses^{11, 12} and to reversibly map propagating light pulses into stationary spin excitations in atomic media^{13, 14, 15, 16}. Here we describe and experimentally demonstrate a technique in which light propagating in a medium of Rb atoms is converted into an excitation with localized, stationary electromagnetic energy, which can be held and released after a controllable interval. Our method creates pulses of light with stationary envelopes bound to an atomic spin coherence, offering new possibilities for photon state manipulation and nonlinear optical processes at low light levels.

1. Physics Department, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
2. Division of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
3. Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA
4. Lebedev Institute of Physics, Moscow, 117924 Russia

Correspondence to: M. D. Lukin¹ Email: lukin@physics.harvard.edu