Editorials

Facing the nuclear danger p213

The war on terrorism threatens to overshadow the greatest weapons-proliferation challenge of all — the safe management of nuclear materials in the former Soviet Union.

doi:10.1038/426213a

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Local support required p213

The Royal Society's review of Britain's university funding system should take into account the needs of the regions.

doi:10.1038/426213b

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News

Medical journal under attack as dissenters seize AIDS platform p215

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/426215a

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Syngenta ends plant-research deal with Berkeley p216

Rex Dalton

doi:10.1038/426216a

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Academy calls for improved tests to beat prion disease p216

Jonathan Knight

doi:10.1038/426216b

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UK considers plans to shake up clinical trials p216

Jim Giles

doi:10.1038/426216c

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Cornell axes Elsevier journals as prices rise p217

Jonathan Knight

doi:10.1038/426217a

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Commercial copying charges hit European academics p217

Jim Giles

doi:10.1038/426217b

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Task force set up to combat threat of political interference p218

Erika Check

doi:10.1038/426218a

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Whistles blow in vain on bad practice in German research p218

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/426218b

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Whale of a catch blows hole in family tree p219

David Cyranoski

doi:10.1038/426219a

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Europe urged to counter nuclear proliferation threat p219

Geoff Brumfiel

doi:10.1038/426219b

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News in brief p220

doi:10.1038/426220a

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News Features

Competition in biology: It's a scoop! p222

In the highly competitive world of cell and molecular biology, there are no prizes for coming second. But is the pressure to be the first to publish 'hot' results distorting scientific progress? Helen Pearson investigates.

doi:10.1038/426222a

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GM crops: A continent divided p224

African activists, backed by wealthy supporters in the United States and Europe, are locked in combat over the merits of transgenic crops. Ehsan Masood tracks the people, the politics and the cash behind the campaigns.

doi:10.1038/426224a

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Correspondence

Precautionary principle cuts costs as well as risks p227

Even allowing for false alarms, erring on the side of caution makes good financial sense.

Jonathan M. Gilligan

doi:10.1038/426227a

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Middle East: university funding for Palestinians p227

Noam Agmon

doi:10.1038/426227b

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Middle East: nothing to fear except terrorism p227

Jack S. Cohen

doi:10.1038/426227c

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Casting light on mystery of auroral flashes p227

Len Freeman

doi:10.1038/426227d

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Books and Arts

Too young for gardening p229

Robert Olby reviews Inspiring Science: Jim Watson and the Age of DNA

doi:10.1038/426229a

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An inside view of mental health p230

Gerald N. Grob reviews The Confinement of the Insane: International Perspectives, 1800–1965

doi:10.1038/426230a

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Making a case for life p231

doi:10.1038/426231a

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Core research p231

Quentin Williams reviews The Dynamic Structure of the Deep Earth: An Interdisciplinary Approach by Shun-ichiro Karato

doi:10.1038/426231b

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Science in culture p232

Martin Kemp reviews

doi:10.1038/426232a

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Lifelines

Kevin Padian: Making connections p233

Kevin Padian is professor of integrative biology and curator in the Museum of Paleontology at the University of California, Berkeley, and president of the National Center for Science Education. His research focuses on how major adaptive evolutionary changes get started.

doi:10.1038/426233a

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News and Views

Expiry dates p235

The dodo is most certainly dead. But when did the species finally disappear? A statistical approach allows estimation of the date, and could be applied to other extinctions, both past and present.

Stuart Pimm

doi:10.1038/426235a

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Astronomy: The mystery companion p236

A jet-like flow of material, detected in the vicinity of a dying star, supports a model in which such jets shape the gas cloud around the star into a bipolar nebula. The jet probably comes from an unseen companion star.

Noam Soker

doi:10.1038/426236a

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Plant development: Leaves by number p237

Christopher Surridge

doi:10.1038/426237a

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Signal transduction: An eye on organ development p238

Studies in flies and mice have revealed a surprising way in which cells regulate gene activity, with consequences for our understanding of organ formation during development.

Jonathan A. Epstein and Benjamin G. Neel

doi:10.1038/426238a

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Global change: Eruptions linked to El Niño p239

Statistical validation of a relationship between explosive volcanic eruptions and the El Niño/Southern Oscillation is a step forward in understanding the effects of such eruptions on climate.

Shanaka de Silva

doi:10.1038/426239a

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100 and 50 years ago p239

doi:10.1038/426239b

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Developmental biology: Gender benders p241

A painstaking triple-gene-knockout study has revealed a crucial role for insulin receptors in male sexual development. But is multiple-gene targeting the way forward for analysing genome function in mammals?

Peter Koopman

doi:10.1038/426241a

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News and views in brief p242

doi:10.1038/426242a

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Brief Communications

Environmental biology: Heat reward for insect pollinators p243

Scarab beetles save on energy by making themselves at home inside a warm flower

Roger S. Seymour, Craig R. White and Marc Gibernau

doi:10.1038/426243a

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (336K)

Psychophysics: How fielders arrive in time to catch the ball p244

Peter McLeod, Nick Reed and Zoltan Dienes

doi:10.1038/426244a

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Flightless birds: When did the dodo become extinct? p245

David L. Roberts and Andrew R. Solow

doi:10.1038/426245a

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (518K)

See also: News and Views by Pimm

Astronomy (communication Arising): Black holes, fleas and microlithography p245

Gerry Skinner and Paul Gorenstein

doi:10.1038/426245b

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (518K)

Erratum p246

doi:10.1038/426246a

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Articles

Eya protein phosphatase activity regulates Six1–Dach–Eya transcriptional effects in mammalian organogenesis p247

Xue Li, Kenneth A. Ohgi, Jie Zhang, Anna Krones, Kevin T. Bush, Christopher K. Glass, Sanjay K. Nigam, Aneel K. Aggarwal, Richard Maas, David W. Rose and Michael G. Rosenfeld

doi:10.1038/nature02083

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (675K) | Supplementary information

Regulation of phyllotaxis by polar auxin transport p255

Didier Reinhardt, Eva-Rachele Pesce, Pia Stieger, Therese Mandel, Kurt Baltensperger, Malcolm Bennett, Jan Traas, Jií Friml and Cris Kuhlemeier

doi:10.1038/nature02081

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (411K)

See also: News and Views by Surridge

Letters to Nature

A collimated, high-speed outflow from the dying star V Hydrae p261

R. Sahai, M. Morris, G. R. Knapp, K. Young and C. Barnbaum

doi:10.1038/nature02086

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (361K)

See also: News and Views by Soker

Demonstration of an all-optical quantum controlled-NOT gate p264

J. L. O'Brien, G. J. Pryde, A. G. White, T. C. Ralph and D. Branning

doi:10.1038/nature02054

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (272K)

Direct observation of attosecond light bunching p267

P. Tzallas, D. Charalambidis, N. A. Papadogiannis, K. Witte and G. D. Tsakiris

doi:10.1038/nature02091

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,751K)

Drying-mediated self-assembly of nanoparticles p271

Eran Rabani, David R. Reichman, Phillip L. Geissler and Louis E. Brus

doi:10.1038/nature02087

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (285K) | Supplementary information

Proxy evidence for an El Niño-like response to volcanic forcing p274

J. Brad Adams, Michael E. Mann and Caspar M. Ammann

doi:10.1038/nature02101

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (283K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by de Silva

A newly discovered species of living baleen whale p278

Shiro Wada, Masayuki Oishi and Tadasu K. Yamada

doi:10.1038/nature02103

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (329K)

Compartments revealed in food-web structure p282

Ann E. Krause, Kenneth A. Frank, Doran M. Mason, Robert E. Ulanowicz and William W. Taylor

doi:10.1038/nature02115

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (289K) | Supplementary information

Activation of the TRPC1 cation channel by metabotropic glutamate receptor mGluR1 p285

Sang Jeong Kim, Yu Shin Kim, Joseph P. Yuan, Ronald S. Petralia, Paul F. Worley and David J. Linden

doi:10.1038/nature02162

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (457K) | Supplementary information

Testis determination requires insulin receptor family function in mice p291

Serge Nef, Sunita Verma-Kurvari, Jussi Merenmies, Jean-Dominique Vassalli, Argiris Efstratiadis, Domenico Accili and Luis F. Parada

doi:10.1038/nature02059

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (478K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Koopman

Eyes absent represents a class of protein tyrosine phosphatases p295

Jayanagendra P. Rayapureddi, Chandramohan Kattamuri, Brian D. Steinmetz, Benjamin J. Frankfort, Edwin J. Ostrin, Graeme Mardon and Rashmi S. Hegde

doi:10.1038/nature02093

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (335K) | Supplementary information

The transcription factor Eyes absent is a protein tyrosine phosphatase p299

Tina L. Tootle, Serena J. Silver, Erin L. Davies, Victoria Newman, Robert R. Latek, Ishara A. Mills, Jeremy D. Selengut, Beth E. W. Parlikar and Ilaria Rebay

doi:10.1038/nature02097

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (310K) | Supplementary information

FKF1 is essential for photoperiodic-specific light signalling in Arabidopsis p302

Takato Imaizumi, Hien G. Tran, Trevor E. Swartz, Winslow R. Briggs and Steve A. Kay

doi:10.1038/nature02090

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (464K) | Supplementary information

A genetic basis for Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm antibiotic resistance p306

Thien-Fah Mah, Betsey Pitts, Brett Pellock, Graham C. Walker, Philip S. Stewart and George A. O'Toole

doi:10.1038/nature02122

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (274K) | Supplementary information

Transposon silencing in the Caenorhabditis elegans germ line by natural RNAi p310

Titia Sijen and Ronald H. A. Plasterk

doi:10.1038/nature02107

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (372K)

Corrigendum: An NS3 protease inhibitor with antiviral effects in humans infected with hepatitis C virus p314

Daniel Lamarre, Paul C. Anderson, Murray Bailey, Pierre Beaulieu, Gordon Bolger, Pierre Bonneau, Michael Bös, Dale R. Cameron, Mireille Cartier, Michael G. Cordingley, Anne-Marie Faucher, Nathalie Goudreau, Stephen H. Kawai, George Kukolj, Lisette Lagacé, Steven R. Laplante, Hans Narjes, Marc-André Poupart, Jean Rancourt, Roel E. Sentjens, Roger St George, Bruno Simoneau, Gerhard Steinmann, Diane Thibeault, Youla S. Tsantrizos, Steven M. Weldon, Chan-Loi Yong and Montse Llinàs-Brunet

doi:10.1038/nature02183

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New on the Market

Keeping track, taking stock p315

Barcoding, lab management systems and other work-saving aids.

doi:10.1038/426315a

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Insight

Hydrocarbon reservoirs p317

Karl Ziemelis

doi:10.1038/426317a

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Hydrocarbons and the evolution of human culture p318

Charles Hall, Pradeep Tharakan, John Hallock, Cutler Cleveland and Michael Jefferson

doi:10.1038/nature02130

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (828K) | Supplementary information

The long-term carbon cycle, fossil fuels and atmospheric composition p323

Robert A. Berner

doi:10.1038/nature02131

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (254K)

Organic–inorganic interactions in petroleum-producing sedimentary basins p327

Jeffrey S. Seewald

doi:10.1038/nature02132

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (300K)

Understanding the thermal evolution of deep-water continental margins p334

Nicky White, Mark Thompson and Tony Barwise

doi:10.1038/nature02133

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,752K)

Biological activity in the deep subsurface and the origin of heavy oil p344

Ian M. Head, D. Martin Jones and Steve R. Larter

doi:10.1038/nature02134

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (377K)

Fundamental principles and applications of natural gas hydrates p353

E. Dendy Sloan, Jr

doi:10.1038/nature02135

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (359K)

Integration of geoscience and engineering in the oil industry — just a dream? p360

B. Artur Stankiewicz

doi:10.1038/nature02136

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (512K)

Naturejobs

Europe goes back to basics p365

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/nj6964-365a

Full Text | PDF (135K)

Twin peaks Rhône-Alpes p366

Sally Goodman

doi:10.1038/nj6964-366a

Full Text | PDF (326K)