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Direct observation of catch bonds involving cell-adhesion molecules

Nature volume 423, pages 190–193 (2003)Cite this article

Abstract

Bonds between adhesion molecules are often mechanically stressed. A striking example is the tensile force applied to selectin–ligand bonds, which mediate the tethering and rolling of flowing leukocytes on vascular surfaces1,2,3. It has been suggested that force could either shorten bond lifetimes, because work done by the force could lower the energy barrier between the bound and free states4 (‘slip’), or prolong bond lifetimes by deforming the molecules such that they lock more tightly5,6 (‘catch’). Whereas slip bonds have been widely observed7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14, catch bonds have not been demonstrated experimentally. Here, using atomic force microscopy and flow-chamber experiments, we show that increasing force first prolonged and then shortened the lifetimes of P-selectin complexes with P-selectin glycoprotein ligand-1, revealing both catch and slip bond behaviour. Transitions between catch and slip bonds might explain why leukocyte rolling on selectins first increases and then decreases as wall shear stress increases9,15,16. This dual response to force provides a mechanism for regulating cell adhesion under conditions of variable mechanical stress.

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Figure 1: AFM system.
Figure 2: Binding specificity.
Figure 3: Lifetimes measured by AFM.
Figure 4: Lifetimes measured in a flow chamber.

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Acknowledgements

We thank V. Moy for providing the AFM design and training. This work was supported by grants from the National Institutes of Health.

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Author notes

  1. Mian Long

    Present address: National Microgravity Laboratory, Institute of Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100080, China

  2. James W. Piper

    Present address: Immucor, Inc., Norcross, Georgia, 30091, USA

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Woodruff School of Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA

    Bryan T. Marshall, Mian Long, James W. Piper & Cheng Zhu

  2. Coulter School of Biomedical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, Georgia, 30332, USA

    Cheng Zhu

  3. Cardiovascular Biology Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA

    Tadayuki Yago & Rodger P. McEver

  4. Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Oklahoma Center for Medical Glycobiology, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, 73104, USA

    Rodger P. McEver

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Correspondence to Cheng Zhu.

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Marshall, B., Long, M., Piper, J. et al. Direct observation of catch bonds involving cell-adhesion molecules. Nature 423, 190–193 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/nature01605

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