Skip to main content

Thank you for visiting nature.com. You are using a browser version with limited support for CSS. To obtain the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Internet Explorer). In the meantime, to ensure continued support, we are displaying the site without styles and JavaScript.

  • News & Views
  • Published:

Quantum electronics

The electron is cool

Temperature is an awkward concept for a single particle, but the energy of the particle's 'quivering' is a useful substitute. Feedback control of this motion can be used to cool a single electron to very low temperature.

This is a preview of subscription content, access via your institution

Access options

Buy this article

Prices may be subject to local taxes which are calculated during checkout

Figure 1: Cooling down.

References

  1. D'Urso, B., Odom, B. & Gabrielse, G. Phys. Rev. Lett. 90, 043001 (2003).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  2. Hänsch, T. W. & Schawlow, A. L. Opt. Commun. 13, 68–69 (1975).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  3. Wineland, D. J., Drullinger, R. E. & Walls, F. L. Phys. Rev. Lett. 40, 1639–1642 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Neuhauser, W., Hohenstatt, M., Toschek, P. E. & Dehmelt, H. G. Phys. Rev. Lett. 41, 233–236 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Neuhauser, W., Hohenstatt, M., Toschek, P. E. & Dehmelt, H. G. Appl. Phys. 17, 123–129 (1978).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Wineland, D. J. et al. in Proc. 4th Symp. Freq. Standards Metrology (ed. DeMarchi, A.) 71–77 (Springer, Berlin, 1989).

    Book  Google Scholar 

  7. Anderson, M. H., Ensher, J. R., Matthews, M. R., Wieman, C. E. & Cornell, E. A. Science 269, 198–201 (1995).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  8. Davis, K. B. et al. Phys. Rev. Lett. 75, 3969–3973 (1995).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  9. van der Meer, S. Rev. Mod. Phys. 57, 689–697 (1985).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Eschner, J., Appasamy, B. & Toschek, P. E. Phys. Rev. Lett. 74, 2435–2438 (1995).

    Article  ADS  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Appasamy, B., Stalgies, Y. & Toschek, P. E. Phys. Rev. Lett. 80, 2805–2808 (1998).

    Article  ADS  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. van Dyck, R. S. Jr, Schwinberg, P. B. & Dehmelt, H. G. Phys. Rev. Lett. 38, 310–313 (1977).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  13. van Dyck, R. S. Jr, Ekstrom, P. & Dehmelt, H. Nature 262, 776 (1976).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

  14. Dehmelt, H. Am. J. Phys. 58, 17–27 (1990).

    Article  ADS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Peter E. Toschek.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Toschek, P. The electron is cool. Nature 422, 822–823 (2003). https://doi.org/10.1038/422822a

Download citation

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/422822a

Search

Quick links

Nature Briefing

Sign up for the Nature Briefing newsletter — what matters in science, free to your inbox daily.

Get the most important science stories of the day, free in your inbox. Sign up for Nature Briefing