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Letters to Nature
Nature 417, 563-567 (30 May 2002) | doi:10.1038/417563a; Received 2 January 2002; Accepted 19 March 2002
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Transcription coactivator TRAP220 is required for PPAR
2-stimulated adipogenesis
Kai Ge1, Mohamed Guermah1, Chao-Xing Yuan1,3, Mitsuhiro Ito1, Annika E. Wallberg1, Bruce M. Spiegelman2 & Robert G. Roeder1
- Laboratory of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The Rockefeller University, 1230 York Avenue, New York, New York 10021, USA
- Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA
- Present address: Bristol-Myers Squibb, Wilmington, Delaware 19803, USA.
Correspondence to: Robert G. Roeder1 Correspondence and requests for materials should be addressed to R.G.R. (e-mail: Email: roeder@mail.rockefeller.edu).
Abstract
The TRAP (thyroid hormone receptor-associated proteins) transcription coactivator complex (also known as Mediator) was first isolated as a group of proteins that facilitate the function of the thyroid hormone receptor1. This complex interacts physically with several nuclear receptors through the TRAP220 subunit, and with diverse activators through other subunits2. TRAP220 has been reported to show ligand-enhanced interaction with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor
2 (PPAR
2)3, 4, a nuclear receptor essential for adipogenesis5, 6, 7, 8. Here we show that Trap220-/- fibroblasts are refractory to PPAR
2-stimulated adipogenesis, but not to MyoD-stimulated myogenesis, and do not express adipogenesis markers or PPAR
2 target genes. These defects can be restored by expression of exogenous TRAP220. Further indicative of a direct role for TRAP220 in PPAR
2 function via the TRAP complex, TRAP functions directly as a transcriptional coactivator for PPAR
2 in a purified in vitro system and interacts with PPAR
2 in a ligand- and TRAP220-dependent manner. These data indicate that TRAP220 acts, via the TRAP complex, as a PPAR
2-selective coactivator and, accordingly, that it is specific for one fibroblast differentiation pathway (adipogenesis) relative to another (myogenesis).
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