Table of contents
Volume 417 Number 6884 pp1-102
Opinion
Don't boycott Israel's scientists p1
A petition urging European institutions to initiate moratoria against scientific collaboration with Israel has sparked further petitions and counter-petitions. Such boycotts are misguided and should be opposed in favour of constructive initiatives.
doi:10.1038/417001a
Selling science to the young p1
More needs to be done to tell people about the rewards of careers outside science as well as inside it.
doi:10.1038/417001b
News
Venter lays foundations for fresh career as ethical philanthropist p3
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/417003a
Weapons lab's top job left unfilled p3
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/417003b
News
Air-travel study struggles to get airborne p4
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/417004a
Canadian lab loses Amgen backing p4
Jonathan Knight
doi:10.1038/417004b
News
NASA faces legal challenge over Hawaiian telescope plan p5
Tony Reichhardt
doi:10.1038/417005a
Neutrino review will seek out 'scientific redundancy' p5
Geoff Brumfiel
doi:10.1038/417005b
Satellite delay spells shortage of star data p6
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/417006a
No end in sight for German misconduct probe p6
Marion Kerstholt
doi:10.1038/417006b
Seed imports raise hopes of Afghan recovery p7
Natasha McDowell
doi:10.1038/417007a
news feature
Human genetics: Dual identities p10
Some people's blood contains cells from a sibling. Others are two individuals rolled into one. Yet more carry a distinct mutation in only parts of their bodies. Helen Pearson investigates chimaerism and mosaicism.
Helen Pearson
doi:10.1038/417010a
Palaeoclimatology: Snowball fights p12
Did the world freeze over some half a billion years ago? Two Harvard scientists think so, but convincing other climatologists is proving difficult. Naomi Lubick tracks the latest twists and turns in the snowball Earth debate.
Naomi Lubick
doi:10.1038/417012a
Biology databases: Information overload p14
The tide of genetic data threatening to swamp researchers has led a 'data warehousing' firm to tune in to science. Carina Dennis charts its move from airlines and banks to biology.
Carina Dennis
doi:10.1038/417014a
Correspondence
Don't punish scientists for government actions p15
Mike Fainzilber
doi:10.1038/417015a
The challenge offered by X-ray lasers p15
Janos Hajdu
doi:10.1038/417015b
Intensive farming, US-style, is not sustainable worldwide p15
More greenhouse gases will increase loss of usable land.
David S. Reay
doi:10.1038/417015c
Commentary
Challenges for taxonomy p17
The discipline will have to reinvent itself if it is to survive and flourish.
doi:10.1038/417017a
Book Reviews
Emi's fate, our fate p21
A stark warning that overpopulation is threatening global biodiversity.
Paul R. Ehrlich reviews The Future of Life by Edward O. Wilson
doi:10.1038/417021a
From E. coli to elephants p22
Kevin Struhl reviews Genes and Signals by Mark Ptashne and Alexander Gann
doi:10.1038/417022a
Science in culture p23
Martin Kemp reviews
doi:10.1038/417023a
concepts
Brownian ratchets: Darwin's motors p25
The molecular motors on which life depends are driven by brownian motion.
George Oster
doi:10.1038/417025a
News and Views
Biodiversity: Something new under the sea p27
The discovery, in an undersea hot vent, of an organism that does not fit into any previously defined category of life marks the creation of yet another group within the mysterious Archaea.
Yan Boucher and W. Ford Doolittle
doi:10.1038/417027a
Optoelectronics: Liquid crystal painting p28
Despite the ubiquity of liquid crystal displays, their glass 'sandwich' construction has remained unchanged. But a promising new technique could soon allow them to be mounted on almost any substrate.
Peter Raynes
doi:10.1038/417028a
Neurobiology: The amazing astrocyte p29
Two regions of the brain in adult mammals contain stem cells that can generate new neurons. It seems that astrocytes — cells once viewed merely as padding in the brain — can stimulate the neuron-generating process.
Clive N. Svendsen
doi:10.1038/417029a
Systematics: Old insects in new order p29
John Whitfield
doi:10.1038/417029b
100 and 50 years ago p31
doi:10.1038/417031a
Plant population biology: How to be invasive p32
Few clear answers have emerged from studies of the factors determining abundance of plants in particular settings. A new idea invokes the differing susceptibility of plant roots to damage from pathogenic soil microorganisms.
Wim H. Van der Putten
doi:10.1038/417032a
Condensed-matter physics: Exciton developments p33
The possibilities offered by Bose–Einstein condensation for investigating the quantum world continue to stretch the ingenuity of physicists. Quasiparticles known as excitons have become promising subjects for research.
Ilias E. Perakis
doi:10.1038/417033a
Developmental biology: Modular feedback p35
To understand cell signalling during development, we need to know how whole signalling networks — not just their individual components — are regulated. Two new studies highlight this point.
Christof Niehrs and Hans Meinhardt
doi:10.1038/417035a
Daedalus: Irregular solution p36
Investigation of the true behaviour of molecules in solution is this week's aim. It should be made possible by a novel form of fluorescence created with nitrogen trichloride.
David Jones
doi:10.1038/417036a
Brief Communications
Behavioural neuroscience: Rat navigation guided by remote control p37
Free animals can be 'virtually' trained by microstimulating key areas of their brains.
Sanjiv K. Talwar, Shaohua Xu, Emerson S. Hawley, Shennan A. Weiss, Karen A. Moxon and John K. Chapin
doi:10.1038/417037a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (80K)
Development: Linguistic ability and early language exposure p38
Rachel I. Mayberry, Elizabeth Lock and Hena Kazmi
doi:10.1038/417038a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (51K)
Article
Astroglia induce neurogenesis from adult neural stem cells p39
Hongjun Song, Charles F. Stevens and Fred H. Gage
doi:10.1038/417039a
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (566K)
See also: News and Views by Svendsen
Letters to Nature
The confinement of Neptune's ring arcs by the moon Galatea p45
Fathi Namouni and Carolyn Porco
doi:10.1038/417045a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (233K)
Towards Bose–Einstein condensation of excitons in potential traps p47
L. V. Butov, C. W. Lai, A. L. Ivanov, A. C. Gossard and D. S. Chemla
doi:10.1038/417047a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (366K)
See also: News and Views by Perakis
All-metallic three-dimensional photonic crystals with a large infrared bandgap p52
J. G. Fleming, S. Y. Lin, I. El-Kady, R. Biswas and K. M. Ho
doi:10.1038/417052a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (402K)
Single-substrate liquid-crystal displays by photo-enforced stratification p55
Roel Penterman, Stephen I. Klink, Henk de Koning, Giovanni Nisato and Dirk J. Broer
doi:10.1038/417055a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (338K)
See also: News and Views by Raynes
Distribution of breaking waves at the ocean surface p58
W. Kendall Melville and Peter Matusov
doi:10.1038/417058a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (661K)
A new phylum of Archaea represented by a nanosized hyperthermophilic symbiont p63
Harald Huber, Michael J. Hohn, Reinhard Rachel, Tanja Fuchs, Verena C. Wimmer and Karl O. Stetter
doi:10.1038/417063a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (543K)
See also: News and Views by Boucher & Doolittle
Feedback with soil biota contributes to plant rarity and invasiveness in communities p67
John N. Klironomos
doi:10.1038/417067a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (232K)
See also: News and Views by Van der Putten
Effects of size and temperature on developmental time p70
James. F. Gillooly, Eric L. Charnov, Geoffrey B. West, Van M. Savage and James H. Brown
doi:10.1038/417070a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (202K)
Minocycline inhibits cytochrome c release and delays progression of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in mice p74
Shan Zhu, Irina G. Stavrovskaya, Martin Drozda, Betty Y. S. Kim, Victor Ona, Mingwei Li, Satinder Sarang, Allen S. Liu, Dean M. Hartley, Du Chu Wu, Steven Gullans, Robert J. Ferrante, Serge Przedborski, Bruce S. Kristal and Robert M. Friedlander
doi:10.1038/417074a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (417K)
Extensive and divergent circadian gene expression in liver and heart p78
Kai-Florian Storch, Ovidiu Lipan, Igor Leykin, N. Viswanathan, Fred C. Davis, Wing H. Wong and Charles J. Weitz
doi:10.1038/nature744
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (504K) | Supplementary information
Glutamate-receptor-interacting protein GRIP1 directly steers kinesin to dendrites p83
Mitsutoshi Setou, Dae-Hyung Seog, Yosuke Tanaka, Yoshimitsu Kanai, Yosuke Takei, Masahiko Kawagishi and Nobutaka Hirokawa
doi:10.1038/nature743
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (547K)
Rapid regulation of steroidogenesis by mitochondrial protein import p87
Himangshu S. Bose, Vishwanath R. Lingappa and Walter L. Miller
doi:10.1038/417087a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (480K)
Neutrophil elastase targets virulence factors of enterobacteria p91
Yvette Weinrauch, Doreen Drujan, Steven D. Shapiro, Jerrold Weiss and Arturo Zychlinsky
doi:10.1038/417091a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (370K)
HIV preferentially infects HIV-specific CD4+ T cells p95
Daniel C. Douek, Jason M. Brenchley, Michael R. Betts, David R. Ambrozak, Brenna J. Hill, Yukari Okamoto, Joseph P. Casazza, Janaki Kuruppu, Kevin Kunstman, Steven Wolinsky, Zvi Grossman, Mark Dybul, Annette Oxenius, David A. Price, Mark Connors and Richard A. Koup
doi:10.1038/417095a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (370K)
Reduction of cytochrome c oxidase by a second electron leads to proton translocation p99
Maarten Ruitenberg, Aimo Kannt, Ernst Bamberg, Klaus Fendler and Hartmut Michel
doi:10.1038/417099a
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (619K)
erratum: A laboratory analogue of the event horizon using slow light in an atomic medium p102
Ulf Leonhardt
doi:10.1038/417102a
erratum: Cbl–CIN85–endophilin complex mediates ligand-induced downregulation of EGF receptors p102
Phillippe Soubeyran, Katarzyna Kowanetz, Iwona Szymkiewicz, Wallace Y. Langdon and Ivan Dikic
doi:10.1038/417102b
corrigendum: Crystal structure of DegP (HtrA) reveals a new protease-chaperone machine p102
Tobias Krojer, Marta Garrido-Franco, Robert Huber, Michael Ehrmann and Tim Clausen
doi:10.1038/417102c
