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Nature 411, 749-752 (14 June 2001) | doi:10.1038/35081219

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Carbon cycle: The roots of the matter

F. Stuart Chapin, III1 & Roger W. Ruess1

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Perhaps the most scientifically challenging phase of the terrestrial carbon cycle occurs below ground. Innovative experiments, carried out in northern Sweden, illustrate the huge influence of roots and associated fungi.

Photosynthesis by terrestrial vegetation accounts for about half of the carbon that annually cycles between Earth and the atmosphere1. Although above-ground plant production is relatively well documented from field measurements and globally distributed satellite observations, the quantity of carbon that plants transfer below ground is not well known.

  1. F. Stuart Chapin III and Roger W. Ruess are at the Institute of Arctic Biology, University of Alaska, Fairbanks, Alaska 99775, USA.
    e-mails: Email: fschapin@lter.uaf.edu and Email: ffrwr@uaf.edu