Table of contents
Volume 411 Number 6836 pp3-506
Naturejobs
prospectsTrend or aberration? p3
Paul Smaglik
doi:10.1038/35108060
movers
Nanotechnology, energy, administration, biology p99
doi:10.1038/35108062
Opinion
A discipline buried by success p399
Chemistry suffers from multiple image problems. Chemists working at its boundaries should acknowledge and celebrate their roots, while those at its core have much to celebrate too.
doi:10.1038/35078195
News
Russia fuels fury with scheme for importing nuclear waste p401
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/35078197
Stanford agrees to settle gender discrimination case p401
Rex Dalton
doi:10.1038/35078200
GM cows face slaughter in multiple sclerosis experiment p402
Bob Brockie
doi:10.1038/35078202
Individual genomes targeted in sequencing revolution p402
David Adam
doi:10.1038/35078205
More funding needed to wipe out rinderpest p403
Sally Goodman
doi:10.1038/35078208
Plans for GM livestock fail the poor p403
David Adam
doi:10.1038/35078211
Company tells researchers to look to profits p404
Corie Lok and David Cyranoski
doi:10.1038/35078213
Europe's biotech industry still losing to US, say analysts p404
Quirin Schiermeier
doi:10.1038/35078216
Plans to eradicate polio hit by virus outbreak in Bulgaria p405
Mark Schrope
doi:10.1038/35078219
Congress hears plan to boost science at environment agency p405
Tony Reichhardt
doi:10.1038/35078222
news feature
What's in a name? p408
In the melting pot of modern science, chemistry's cutting edge is being rebranded as biology or nanotechnology. David Adam wonders if false modesty is leaving chemists to pick up the crumbs from their own periodic table.
David Adam
doi:10.1038/35078228
Genetic medicine gets real p410
Gene therapists used to talk about permanently fixing 'broken' genes. But the emphasis has now shifted to treating conditions such as coronary disease and cancer using transient gene expression. Alison Abbott reports.
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/35078232
Correspondence
Piecing together the history of our knowledge of chimpanzee tool use p413
Ulrich Kattmann
doi:10.1038/35078238
Piecing together the history of our knowledge of chimpanzee tool use p413
Andrew Whiten and William C. McGrew
doi:10.1038/35078241
Three-person rule was not set by Nobel himself p413
Lori Bradford and Perrie O'Tierney
doi:10.1038/35078244
Book Reviews
Final frontier or ultimate mystery? p415
Plumbing the origins of human uniqueness.
John C. Marshall reviews A Mind So Rare: The Evolution of Human Consciousness by Merlin Donald
doi:10.1038/35078125
More on the mind p416
doi:10.1038/35078128
Good communications p416
Michael D. Ehlers and Guoping Feng review Synapses
doi:10.1038/35078130
Betwixt and between p417
John Lydon reviews Liquid Crystals: Experimental Study of Physical Properties and Phase Transitions
doi:10.1038/35078133
Flitting around the subject p417
Peter Lawrence reviews Fly: An Experimental Life by Martin Brookes
doi:10.1038/35078136
Chemical reflections p418
Jacques Reisse reviews Miroir de la Chimie by Pierre Laszlo
doi:10.1038/35078139
Correction p418
doi:10.1038/35078141
words
Explanatory tyranny p419
If an explanation seems wonderfully simple, it's probably too good to be true.
Timothy Taylor
doi:10.1038/35078158
News and Views
Almost Planet X p423
Optical and infrared observations of a bright object in the outer Solar System reveal it to be surprisingly large — almost as big as Pluto's moon. It could be the first of many such discoveries.
S. C. Tegler and W. Romanishin
doi:10.1038/35078164
Molecular motors: Switching on kinesin p424
A crystal structure helps us to understand how an enzyme works. Better yet are crystal structures of the enzyme in different states of activity, which have now revealed the intricate workings of a molecular motor.
Manfred Schliwa and Günther Woehlke
doi:10.1038/35078167
Bose–Einstein condensation: Getting excited about helium p425
Creating a quantum fluid from a gas of excited helium atoms is not easy — the atoms tend to self-destruct. But two groups in France have pulled it off.
Randall G. Hulet
doi:10.1038/35078170
100 and 50 years ago p427
doi:10.1038/35078173
RNA interference: The short answer p428
One way of seeing what a gene does is to block its messenger RNA and note the effects. New work should make the approach more broadly applicable.
Brenda L. Bass
doi:10.1038/35078175
Chemistry: Synthetic lessons from quinine p429
As the oldest, naturally occurring, treatment for malaria, quinine has been a target for synthetic chemistry for 150 years. At last, modern techniques provide full control over the synthetic molecule.
Steven M. Weinreb
doi:10.1038/35078178
Carbon cycle: Fertile forest experiments p431
Long-term experiments under realistic conditions are beginning to deliver data on how forests — or at least some forests — will react to increasing levels of CO2 in the atmosphere.
Eric A. Davidson and Adam I. Hirsch
doi:10.1038/35078181
Neurobiology: Learning from a fly's memory p433
Two facets of learning are the formation and the retrieval of memories. Genetic manipulation of the fruitfly's brain allows them to be dissociated, and may lead to a better understanding of memory.
Randolf Menzel and Uli Müller
doi:10.1038/35078184
Condensed-matter physics: Why vortices matter p434
In a magnetic field, a superconductor is threaded by swirling whirlpools of electric current. Understanding these magnetic vortices is important because they control the flow of current through the superconductor.
Peter Gammel
doi:10.1038/35078187
Daedalus: Gas is for burning p435
David Jones
doi:10.1038/35078190
Obituary: John Frank (Jack) Allen (1908–2001) p436
Allan Griffin
doi:10.1038/35078192
Brief Communications
Converting currencies in the Old World p437
Simple arithmetic underpinned trading throughout the Near East during the Bronze Age.
Alfredo Mederos and C. C. Lamberg-Karlovsky
doi:10.1038/35078143
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (121K) | Supplementary information
Plant pathogens: Mitochondrial control of fungal hybrid virulence p438
Åke Olson and Jan Stenlid
doi:10.1038/35078147
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (230K)
addendum: A fern that hyperaccumulates arsenic p438
L. Q. Ma, K. M. Komar, Cong Tu, Weihua Zhang, Yong Cai and E. D. Kennelley
doi:10.1038/35078151
Articles
Switch-based mechanism of kinesin motors p439
Masahide Kikkawa, Elena P. Sablin, Yasushi Okada, Hiroaki Yajima, Robert J. Fletterick and Nobutaka Hirokawa
doi:10.1038/35078000
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (496K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Schliwa & Woehlke
The size and albedo of the Kuiper-belt object (20000) Varuna p446
David Jewitt, Herve Aussel and Aaron Evans
doi:10.1038/35078008
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (157K)
See also: News and Views by Tegler & Romanishin
Letters to Nature
An unusual phase transition to a second liquid vortex phase in the superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 p448
F. Bouquet, C. Marcenat, E. Steep, R. Calemczuk, W. K. Kwok, U. Welp, G. W. Crabtree, R. A. Fisher, N. E. Phillips and A. Schilling
doi:10.1038/35078016
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (458K)
See also: News and Views by Gammel
'Inverse' melting of a vortex lattice p451
Nurit Avraham, Boris Khaykovich, Yuri Myasoedov, Michael Rappaport, Hadas Shtrikman, Dima E. Feldman, Tsuyoshi Tamegai, Peter H. Kes, Ming Li, Marcin Konczykowski, Kees van der Beek and Eli Zeldov
doi:10.1038/35078021
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (304K)
Coherent transfer of Cooper pairs by a movable grain p454
L. Y. Gorelik, A. Isacsson, Y. M. Galperin, R. I. Shekhter and M. Jonson
doi:10.1038/35078027
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,528K)
The complex nature of superconductivity in MgB2 as revealed by the reduced total isotope effect p457
D. G. Hinks, H. Claus and J. D. Jorgensen
doi:10.1038/35078037
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (230K)
Constraints on hydrothermal processes and water exchange in Lake Vostok from helium isotopes p460
Philippe Jean-Baptiste, Jean-Robert Petit, Vladimir Ya. Lipenkov, Dominique Raynaud and Nartsiss I. Barkov
doi:10.1038/35078045
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (146K)
Earthquake triggering by seismic waves following the Landers and Hector Mine earthquakes p462
J. Gomberg, P. A. Reasenberg, P. Bodin and R. A. Harris
doi:10.1038/35078053
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (630K) | Supplementary information
Limited carbon storage in soil and litter of experimental forest plots under increased atmospheric CO2 p466
William H. Schlesinger and John Lichter
doi:10.1038/35078060
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (153K)
See also: News and Views by Davidson & Hirsch
Soil fertility limits carbon sequestration by forest ecosystems in a CO2-enriched atmosphere p469
Ram Oren, David S. Ellsworth, Kurt H. Johnsen, Nathan Phillips, Brent E. Ewers, Chris Maier, Karina V.R. Schäfer, Heather McCarthy, George Hendrey, Steven G. McNulty and Gabriel G. Katul
doi:10.1038/35078064
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (301K)
See also: News and Views by Davidson & Hirsch
An Early Cambrian tunicate from China p472
D.-G. Shu, L. Chen, J. Han and X.-L. Zhang
doi:10.1038/35078069
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (245K)
Orientation-selective adaptation and tilt after-effect from invisible patterns p473
Sheng He and Donald I. A. MacLeod
doi:10.1038/35078072
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (138K) | Supplementary information
Disruption of neurotransmission in Drosophila mushroom body blocks retrieval but not acquisition of memory p476
Josh Dubnau, Lori Grady, Toshi Kitamoto and Tim Tully
doi:10.1038/35078077
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (244K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Menzel & Müller
Leptin activates anorexigenic POMC neurons through a neural network in the arcuate nucleus p480
Michael A. Cowley, James L. Smart, Marcelo Rubinstein, Marcelo G. Cerdán, Sabrina Diano, Tamas L. Horvath, Roger D. Cone and Malcolm J. Low
doi:10.1038/35078085
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (618K)
Calmodulin bifurcates the local Ca2+ signal that modulates P/Q-type Ca2+ channels p484
Carla D. DeMaria, Tuck Wah Soong, Badr A. Alseikhan, Rebecca S. Alvania and David T. Yue
doi:10.1038/35078091
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (589K) | Supplementary information
B cells acquire antigen from target cells after synapse formation p489
Facundo D. Batista, Dagmar Iber and Michael S. Neuberger
doi:10.1038/35078099
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (807K) | Supplementary information
Duplexes of 21-nucleotide RNAs mediate RNA interference in cultured mammalian cells p494
Sayda M. Elbashir, Jens Harborth, Winfried Lendeckel, Abdullah Yalcin, Klaus Weber and Thomas Tuschl
doi:10.1038/35078107
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (233K)
Ribosomal peptidyl transferase can withstand mutations at the putative catalytic nucleotide p498
Norbert Polacek, Marne Gaynor, Aymen Yassin and Alexander S. Mankin
doi:10.1038/35078113
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (179K)
Microscopic origins of entropy, heat capacity and the glass transition in proteins p501
Andrew L. Lee and A. Joshua Wand
doi:10.1038/35078119
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (151K)
New on the Market
Microscopes under the microscope p505
Microscopes, cameras, slides and knives.
doi:10.1038/35078153
