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Nature 409, 471-472 (25 January 2001) | doi:10.1038/35054175
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Quantum physics: Watching an atom tunnel
Ali Yazdani
Abstract
Physicists have managed to watch individual hydrogen atoms move on metal surfaces at very low temperatures — in defiance of classical physics.
Quantum theory, which has just celebrated its 100th birthday, allows particles to break the rules of classical physics. Although, in a classical sense, a particle may not have sufficient energy to cross |a given barrier, quantum theory says that there is still a definite probability that it can penetrate the barrier in a process known as quantum tunnelling.
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