Opinion

Is the university–industrial complex out of control? p119

Links between academia and industry are of increasing concern to academics and to society at large. The sectors involved should review their policies in order to sustain universities' public accountability.

doi:10.1038/35051750

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News

Scepticism greets claims that uranium shells cause leukaemia p121

Quirin Schiermeier

doi:10.1038/35051752

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Dye dispute leans Amersham's way p121

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/35051755

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Overseas investors plan six 'world class' universities in India p122

K. S. Jayaraman

doi:10.1038/35051757

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Bush targets space-based missile defence system p122

Irwin Goodwin

doi:10.1038/35051760

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Canadian astronomers mount lobby effort p123

Steve Nadis

doi:10.1038/35051763

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Scientists unimpressed by Australia's funding plan p123

Peter Pockley

doi:10.1038/35051766

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US to take temperature of mercury threat p124

Mark Schrope

doi:10.1038/35051770

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Hunt for Earth-like planets edges towards launch pad p124

Tony Reichhardt

doi:10.1038/35051773

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Moderate takes key science role in Congress p125

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/35051775

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Biologists crusade for evolution p125

Rex Dalton

doi:10.1038/35051778

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news in brief p126

doi:10.1038/35051781

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news feature

Save our Swamp p128

Florida's Everglades are the focus for the largest ecological restoration project yet attempted. But critics claim the present plan will fail to halt the wetlands' decline. Mark Schrope investigates.

Mark Schrope

doi:10.1038/35051785

Full Text | PDF (1,109K)

Correspondence

Sensitive development could protect Amazonia instead of destroying it p131

Georgia Carvalho, Ana Cristina Barros, Paulo Moutinho and Daniel Nepstad

doi:10.1038/35051794

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Did agriculture reduce human lifespan? p131

Narendra G. Mehta

doi:10.1038/35051797

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Book Reviews

Tool tests challenge chimpanzees p133

Do apes fail to understand physics, or do we fail to understand them?

Andrew Whiten reviews Folk Physics for Apes: The Chimpanzee's Theory of How The World Works by Daniel J. Povinelli

doi:10.1038/35051638

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Blazing a trail that led to the Moon p133

David W. Hughes reviews Shoemaker by Levy: The Man Who Made an Impact by David H. Levy

doi:10.1038/35051641

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The psychological toll of battle p135

Hugh Freeman reviews A War of Nerves: Soldiers and Psychiatrists 1914–1994 by Ben Shephard

doi:10.1038/35051644

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Glistering glory and solid economies p136

Anthony Vice reviews The Power of Gold: The History of an Obsession by Peter L. Bernstein

doi:10.1038/35051647

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millennium essay

You can't have it all p137

Compromise is a major unifying thread in the fabric of contemporary thought.

Neil S. Greenspan

doi:10.1038/35051668

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News and Views

Food, song and speciation p139

It is said that you are what you eat. Diet can also determine how you sound and perhaps even what species you are — if you are one of Darwin's finches.

Michael J. Ryan

doi:10.1038/35051671

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Astronomy: The dark cradles of stars p140

Stars are born in dark clouds of molecular gas, which remain shrouded in mystery. Astronomers have found a new way to peer inside these star factories.

Bo Reipurth

doi:10.1038/35051674

Full Text | PDF (190K)

Cancer: Death and methylation p141

Malignant melanoma cells can resist committing suicide when attacked by chemotherapy. The explanation lies in the discovery that a key gene in the cell-death pathway is switched off in this cancer.

Peter A. Jones

doi:10.1038/35051677

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Molecular physiology: Haemoglobin scavenger p141

Carina Dennis

doi:10.1038/35051680

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100 and 50 Years ago p143

doi:10.1038/35051683

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Earth science: In the beginning. . . p144

Grains of the mineral zircon have survived from way back in Earth's history. Analysis of these grains provides information on the state of our planet as long as 4.4 billion years ago.

Alex N. Halliday

doi:10.1038/35051685

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Cardiovascular biology: Small cells, big issues p145

Identification of a long-sought ADP receptor on platelets explains the effects of two drugs used to prevent strokes and heart attacks. It also points the way to developing other such drugs.

Skip Brass

doi:10.1038/35051688

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Climatology: Glacial hiccups p147

The climate instability of glacial times probably resulted from abrupt switches in ocean circulation. A computer-model simulation provides the first glimpse of the dynamics involved.

Didier Paillard

doi:10.1038/35051691

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Brief Communications

An enzymic 'latch' on a global carbon store p149

A shortage of oxygen locks up carbon in peatlands by restraining a single enzyme.

Chris Freeman, Nick Ostle and Hojeong Kang

doi:10.1038/35051650

Full Text | PDF (132K)

Deafness: Cross-modal plasticity and cochlear implants p149

Dong Soo Lee, Jae Sung Lee, Seung Ha Oh, Seok-Ki Kim, Jeung-Whoon Kim, June-Key Chung, Myung Chul Lee and Chong Sun Kim

doi:10.1038/35051653

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (132K)

Molecular engineering: Networks of nanotubes and containers p150

Anders Karlsson, Roger Karlsson, Mattias Karlsson, Ann-Sofie Cans, Anette Strömberg, Frida Ryttsén and Owe Orwar

doi:10.1038/35051656

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (453K)

Marine ecology: Worms start the reef-building process p152

J. R. M. Chisholm and R. Kelley

doi:10.1038/35051660

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erratum: Docking of components in a bacterial complex p152

doi:10.1038/35051663

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Article

Rapid changes of glacial climate simulated in a coupled climate model p153

Andrey Ganopolski and Stefan Rahmstorf

doi:10.1038/35051500

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (486K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Paillard

Letters to Nature

Internal structure of a cold dark molecular cloud inferred from the extinction of background starlight p159

João F. Alves, Charles J. Lada and Elizabeth A. Lada

doi:10.1038/35051509

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (286K)

See also: News and Views by Reipurth

Quantum metallicity in a two-dimensional insulator p161

V. Yu. Butko and P. W. Adams

doi:10.1038/35051516

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (202K)

The relationship between fragility, configurational entropy and the potential energy landscape of glass-forming liquids p164

Srikanth Sastry

doi:10.1038/35051524

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (213K)

Observation of shear-induced nematic–isotropic transition in side-chain liquid crystal polymers p167

Caroline Pujolle-Robic and Laurence Noirez

doi:10.1038/35051537

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (214K)

An abrupt climate event in a coupled ocean–atmosphere simulation without external forcing p171

Alex Hall and Ronald J. Stouffer

doi:10.1038/35051544

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (300K)

Evidence from detrital zircons for the existence of continental crust and oceans on the Earth 4.4 Gyr ago p175

Simon A. Wilde, John W. Valley, William H. Peck and Colin M. Graham

doi:10.1038/35051550

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (203K)

See also: News and Views by Halliday

Oxygen-isotope evidence from ancient zircons for liquid water at the Earth's surface 4,300 Myr ago p178

Stephen J. Mojzsis, T. Mark Harrison and Robert T. Pidgeon

doi:10.1038/35051557

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (404K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Halliday

Fossil that fills a critical gap in avian evolution p181

Mark A. Norell and Julia A. Clarke

doi:10.1038/35051563

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (333K) | Supplementary information

Correlated evolution of morphology and vocal signal structure in Darwin's finches p185

Jeffrey Podos

doi:10.1038/35051570

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (216K)

See also: News and Views by Ryan

Nitrogen limitation of microbial decomposition in a grassland under elevated CO₂ p188

S. Hu, F. S. Chapin, III, M. K. Firestone, C. B. Field and N. R. Chiariello

doi:10.1038/35051576

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (165K)

Regulation of the gain of visually guided smooth-pursuit eye movements by frontal cortex p191

Masaki Tanaka and Stephen G. Lisberger

doi:10.1038/35051582

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (232K)

A role for ghrelin in the central regulation of feeding p194

Masamitsu Nakazato, Noboru Murakami, Yukari Date, Masayasu Kojima, Hisayuki Matsuo, Kenji Kangawa and Shigeru Matsukura

doi:10.1038/35051587

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (217K)

Identification of the haemoglobin scavenger receptor p198

Mette Kristiansen, Jonas H. Graversen, Christian Jacobsen, Ole Sonne, Hans-Jürgen Hoffman, S.K. Alex Law and Søren K. Moestrup

doi:10.1038/35051594

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (259K)

Identification of the platelet ADP receptor targeted by antithrombotic drugs p202

Gunther Hollopeter, Hans-Michael Jantzen, Diana Vincent, Georgia Li, Laura England, Vanitha Ramakrishnan, Ruey-Bing Yang, Paquita Nurden, Alan Nurden, David Julius and Pamela B. Conley

doi:10.1038/35051599

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (435K)

See also: News and Views by Brass

Inactivation of the apoptosis effector Apaf-1 in malignant melanoma p207

María S. Soengas, Paola Capodieci, David Polsky, Jaume Mora, Manel Esteller, Ximena Opitz-Araya, Richard McCombie, James G. Herman, William L. Gerald, Yuri A. Lazebnik, Carlos Cordón-Cardó and Scott W. Lowe

doi:10.1038/35051606

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (420K) | Supplementary information

See also: News and Views by Jones

The protein–protein interaction map of Helicobacter pylori p211

Jean-Christophe Rain, Luc Selig, Hilde De Reuse, Véronique Battaglia, Céline Reverdy, Stéphane Simon, Gerlinde Lenzen, Fabien Petel, Jérôme Wojcik, Vincent Schächter, Y. Chemama, Agnès Labigne and Pierre Legrain

doi:10.1038/35051615

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (263K) | Supplementary information

Crystal structures of SarA, a pleiotropic regulator of virulence genes in S. aureus p215

Maria A. Schumacher, Barry K. Hurlburt and Richard G. Brennan

doi:10.1038/35051623

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (362K)

Projection structure of a ClC-type chloride channel at 6.5 Å resolution p219

Joseph A. Mindell, Merritt Maduke, Christopher Miller and Nikolaus Grigorieff

doi:10.1038/35051631

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (675K)

insight

Biocatalysis: Synthesis methods that exploit enzymatic activities p225

doi:10.1038/35051694

Full Text | PDF (425K)

Enabling the chemistry of life p226

Christopher Walsh

doi:10.1038/35051697

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (265K)

Enzymes for chemical synthesis p232

Kathryn M. Koeller and Chi-Huey Wong

doi:10.1038/35051706

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (497K)

Improving enzymes by using them in organic solvents p241

Alexander M. Klibanov

doi:10.1038/35051719

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (383K)

Modular enzymes p247

Chaitan Khosla and Pehr B. Harbury

doi:10.1038/35051723

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,298K)

Combinatorial and computational challenges for biocatalyst design p253

Frances H. Arnold

doi:10.1038/35051731

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (298K)

Industrial biocatalysis today and tomorrow p258

A. Schmid, J. S. Dordick, B. Hauer, A. Kiener, M. Wubbolts and B. Witholt

doi:10.1038/35051736

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (431K)

NOVOZYMES — Driven by research and scientists p268

doi:10.1038/35051746

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