Opinion

Challenges of the Grid p331

Science policymakers worldwide are waking up to the opportunities of 'the Grid' — a supercomputing network transforming many disciplines. But it poses new organizational challenges for researchers and their institutions.

doi:10.1038/35019192

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News

Emissions targets 'unrealistic' says US climate change body p333

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/35019194

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Ensembl gets a Wellcome boost p333

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/35019198

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Physicists celebrate detection of elusive 'final' particle p334

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/35019200

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Proposal for US patent office could help cut waiting time p334

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/35019203

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Summit leaders fail to bridge GM food split p335

David Dickson

doi:10.1038/35019205

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UK science plans spending spree p335

Natasha Loder

doi:10.1038/35019208

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Legal protests prompt DNA primer release p336

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/35019210

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Review panel assails Brussels research bureaucracy p336

Quirin Schiermeier

doi:10.1038/35019213

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Call for North/South code of research ethics p337

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/35019216

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News in brief p339

doi:10.1038/35019219

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News Feature

Manhattan versus Reykjavik p340

Where is it best to hunt for genes that underlie cancer and heart disease? Isolated populations such as Iceland's, or ethnic melting pots like the United States? And what are the technological challenges, asks Alison Abbott.

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/35019167

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Correspondence

How new technology put a coelacanth among the heirs of Piltdown Man p343

M. V. Erdmann and R. L. Caldwell

doi:10.1038/35019174

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Assessors' odd listings don't inspire confidence p343

Miguel A. García-Pérez

doi:10.1038/35019176

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Reductionism should be clarified, not dismissed p343

J. R. S. Fincham

doi:10.1038/35019178

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Book Reviews

Pitching it right p345

Observing chimps and the women who observe chimps.

Alison Jolly reviews Africa in My Blood: An Autobiography in Letters by Jane Goodall and Beauty and the Beasts: Woman, Ape and Evolution by Carole Jahme

doi:10.1038/35019130

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The spice of life p346

Pat Willmer reviews The Variety of Life: A Survey and a Celebration of All the Creatures That Have Ever Lived by Colin Tudge

doi:10.1038/35019134

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Snakes in the grass ... and elsewhere p346

doi:10.1038/35019136

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Tangled strands in the double helix p347

Mark Ridley reviews It Ain't Necessarily So: The Dream of the Human Genome and Other Confusions by Richard Lewontin and The Triple Helix: Gene, Organism, and Environment by Richard Lewontin

doi:10.1038/35019140

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A case of beetlephilia p347

doi:10.1038/35019142

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Story of a favourite mathematical tool p348

Jeremy Gray reviews History of Topology edited by M. James

doi:10.1038/35019145

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Millennium Essay

What if...? p349

...Chinese explorers — or Darwin's bulldog — had settled in Australia?

John Carmody

doi:10.1038/35019180

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Futures

The bottle p351

Force the weird stuff down.

Tom D. Schneider

doi:10.1038/35019183

Full Text | PDF (191K)

News and Views

How robust is the Internet? p353

Complex systems, such as the Internet, are surprisingly resistant to random errors. But a new study warns against complacency — the feature that makes the Internet immune to accidents also makes it vulnerable to attack.

Yuhai Tu

doi:10.1038/35019222

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100 and 50 years ago p354

doi:10.1038/35019225

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Cell cycle: Conducting the mitotic symphony p354

David Cortez and Stephen J. Elledge

doi:10.1038/35019227

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Global change: Deciphering methane's fingerprint p356

Helmut Weissert

doi:10.1038/35019230

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Developmental biology: Fringe benefits to carbohydrates p357

Mark E. Fortini

doi:10.1038/35019233

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Global change: Silica control of carbon dioxide p358

Paul Tréguer and Philippe Pondaven

doi:10.1038/35019236

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Earth science: The extraterrestrial wedding ring p359

Richard J. Walker

doi:10.1038/35019239

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Daedalus: Hidden thoughts p360

David Jones

doi:10.1038/35019241

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News and Views Feature

Stem cells — hype and hope p361

Studies of stem cells will help in understanding the development and function of organs in mammals. They may also offer a way of treating diseases ranging from liver failure to Parkinson's disease.

Ron McKay

doi:10.1038/35019186

Full Text | PDF (678K)

Brief Communications

Five plus two equals yellow p365

Mental arithmetic in people with synaesthesia is not coloured by visual experience.

Mike J. Dixon, Daniel Smilek, Cera Cudahy and Philip M. Merikle

doi:10.1038/35019148

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (85K)

Avian phenology: Climate change and constraints on breeding p366

Ian R. Stevenson and David M. Bryant

doi:10.1038/35019151

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (176K)

Signalling pathways: Kinase regulation in inflammatory response p367

Mireille Delhase, Nanxin Li and Michael Karin

doi:10.1038/35019154

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (152K)

reply: Kinase regulation in inflammatory response p368

Osman Nidai Ozes, Lindsey D. Mayo, Jason A. Gustin, Susan R. Pfeffer, Lawrence M. Pfeffer and David B. Donner

doi:10.1038/35019157

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (76K)

correction: Energy for microbial life on Europa p368

C. Chyba

doi:10.1038/35019159

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erratum: Do cockroaches 'know' about fluid dynamics? p368

D. Rinberg and H. Davidowitz

doi:10.1038/35019161

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Article

Fringe is a glycosyltransferase that modifies Notch p369

Daniel J. Moloney, Vladislav M. Panin, Stuart H. Johnston, Jihua Chen, Li Shao, Richa Wilson, Yang Wang, Pamela Stanley, Kenneth D. Irvine, Robert S. Haltiwanger and Thomas F. Vogt

doi:10.1038/35019000

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (324K)

See also: News and Views by Fortini

Letters to Nature

Characterizing the nonlinear growth of large-scale structure in the Universe p376

Peter Coles and Lung-Yih Chiang

doi:10.1038/35019009

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,668K)

Error and attack tolerance of complex networks p378

Réka Albert, Hawoong Jeong and Albert-László Barabási

doi:10.1038/35019019

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (237K)

See also: News and Views by Tu

Controlled surface charging as a depth-profiling probe for mesoscopic layers p382

Ilanit Doron-Mor, Anat Hatzor, Alexander Vaskevich, Tamar van der Boom-Moav, Abraham Shanzer, Israel Rubinstein and Hagai Cohen

doi:10.1038/35019025

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (233K)

Signatures of granular microstructure in dense shear flows p385

Daniel M. Mueth, Georges F. Debregeas, Greg S. Karczmar, Peter J. Eng, Sidney R. Nagel and Heinrich M. Jaeger

doi:10.1038/35019032

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,093K)

Oscillatory cluster patterns in a homogeneous chemical system with global feedback p389

Vladimir K. Vanag, Lingfa Yang, Milos Dolnik, Anatol M. Zhabotinsky and Irving R. Epstein

doi:10.1038/35019038

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (258K)

Massive dissociation of gas hydrate during a Jurassic oceanic anoxic event p392

Stephen P. Hesselbo, Darren R. Gröcke, Hugh C. Jenkyns, Christian J. Bjerrum, Paul Farrimond, Helen S. Morgans Bell and Owen R. Green

doi:10.1038/35019044

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (207K)

See also: News and Views by Weissert

Evidence for a late chondritic veneer in the Earth's mantle from high-pressure partitioning of palladium and platinum p396

A. Holzheid, P. Sylvester, H. St C. O'Neill, D. C. Rubie and H. Palme

doi:10.1038/35019050

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (149K)

See also: News and Views by J. Walker

Mutation and sex in a competitive world p399

Joel R. Peck and David Waxman

doi:10.1038/35019055

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (157K)

Long-term vocal recognition in the northern fur seal p404

Stephen J. Insley

doi:10.1038/35019064

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (98K)

State-dependent cross-inhibition between transmitter-gated cation channels p405

Baljit S. Khakh, Xiaoping Zhou, Jason Sydes, James J. Galligan and Henry A. Lester

doi:10.1038/35019066

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (425K) | Supplementary information

Glycosyltransferase activity of Fringe modulates Notch–Delta interactions p411

Katja Brückner, Lidia Perez, Henrik Clausen and Stephen Cohen

doi:10.1038/35019075

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (394K)

See also: News and Views by Weissert

Mice overexpressing human uncoupling protein-3 in skeletal muscle are hyperphagic and lean p415

John C. Clapham, Jonathan R. S. Arch, Helen Chapman, Andrea Haynes, Carolyn Lister, Gary B. T. Moore, Valerie Piercy, Sabrina A. Carter, Ines Lehner, Stephen A. Smith, Lee J. Beeley, Robert J. Godden, Nicole Herrity, Mark Skehel, K. Kumar Changani, Paul D. Hockings, David G. Reid, Sarah M. Squires, Jonathan Hatcher, Brenda Trail, Judy Latcham, Sohaila Rastan, Alexander J. Harper, Susana Cadenas, Julie A. Buckingham, Martin D. Brand and Alejandro Abuin

doi:10.1038/35019082

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (174K)

GATA3 haplo-insufficiency causes human HDR syndrome p419

Hilde Van Esch, Peter Groenen, M. Andrew Nesbit, Simone Schuffenhauer, Peter Lichtner, Gert Vanderlinden, Brian Harding, Rolf Beetz, Rudolf W. Bilous, Ian Holdaway, Nicholas J. Shaw, Jean-Pierre Fryns, Wim Van de Ven, Rajesh V. Thakker and Koenraad Devriendt

doi:10.1038/35019088

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (354K)

A motif in the T-cell receptor controls positive selection by modulating ERK activity p422

Guy Werlen, Barbara Hausmann and Ed Palmer

doi:10.1038/35019094

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (605K)

CD3 couples T-cell receptor signalling to ERK activation and thymocyte positive selection p426

Pilar Delgado, Edgar Fernández, Vibhuti Dave, Dietmar Kappes and Balbino Alarcón

doi:10.1038/35019102

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (429K)

Chfr defines a mitotic stress checkpoint that delays entry into metaphase p430

Daniel M. Scolnick and Thanos D. Halazonetis

doi:10.1038/35019108

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (257K)

See also: News and Views by Cortez & Elledge

Humanized xenobiotic response in mice expressing nuclear receptor SXR p435

Wen Xie, Joyce L. Barwick, Michael Downes, Bruce Blumberg, Cynthia M. Simon, Michael C. Nelson, Brent A. Neuschwander-Tetri, Elizabeth M. Brunt, Philip S. Guzelian and Ronald M. Evans

doi:10.1038/35019116

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (227K)

correction: The protein kinase Pak3 positively regulates Raf-1 activity through phosphorylation of serine 338 p439

Alastair J. King, Hualya Sun, Bruce Diaz, Darlene Bernard, Wenyan Miao, Shubha Bagrodia and Mark S. Marshall

doi:10.1038/35019122

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Erratum: Turbulent convection at very high Rayleigh numbers p439

J. J. Niemela, L. Skrbek, K. R. Sreenivasan and R. J. Donnelly

doi:10.1038/35019124

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New on the Market

Oligo, oligo, oligo p441

Oligonucleotides form the core of this week's selection.

doi:10.1038/35019163

Full Text | PDF (216K)