Scientists should be careful not to exaggerate the usefulness of biological agents as terrorist weapons, and focus their efforts on developing an effective international verification regime.
doi:10.1038/35018226
Table of contents
Volume 406 Number 6792 pp109-218
Top of page
Opinion
A health warning on bioterrorism p109
Genome sequencing for all p109
The successful sequencing of a plant pathogen by Brazilian researchers is a political as well as a scientific achievement.
doi:10.1038/35018228
Top of page
News
German agencies sound alarm on risks of broad gene patents... p111
...as spending goes up for research p111
Internet publishing camps renew hostilities p112
US scientists seek more funds for high-tech equipment p112
Mbeki gives AIDS scientists the cold shoulder p113
UK studentships get funding boost p113
Tangled tale of a lost, stolen and disputed coelacanth p114
Sweden streamlines research administration p115
Scientists back GM for Third World p115
Top of page
News Feature
Chemistry meets computing p118
If individual molecules can be made to process information, they could be the answer to the computer industry's prayers. Philip Ball examines the field of molecular logic, which is at last recording some significant achievements.
Philip Ball
doi:10.1038/35018259
Top of page
Correspondence
Landsat reveals China's farmland reserves, but they're vanishing fast p121
Please don't downgrade the sequencers' role ... p121
Michael Gottlieb, Victoria McGovern, Patricia Goodwin, Stephen Hoffman and Ayo Oduola
doi:10.1038/35018270
... when public-interest science needs solidarity p122
The search continues for Kármán's St Christopher p122
Top of page
Book Reviews
Quantum weirdness p123
How much of the strangeness lies in Feynman's legacy of catchphrases?
doi:10.1038/35018141
Genes, free will and intracranial musings p124
doi:10.1038/35018144
Crushed by the Frankenstein monster p125
doi:10.1038/35018147
Shelling out the facts p126
doi:10.1038/35018150
All clammed up p126
doi:10.1038/35018152
Top of page
Millennium Essay
The structure of matter p127
Like science, teaching should be the result of independent ideas converging.
Harry J. Lipkin
doi:10.1038/35018174
Top of page
News and Views
コンピューター生物学：シリコン上の体節
Segmentation in silico p131
A new mathematical biology is emerging. Building on experimental data from developing organisms, it uses the power of computational methods to explore the properties of real gene networks.
Peter Dearden and Michael Akam
doi:10.1038/35018180
レーザー物理学：乱雑さが微小化の秘訣
Laser physics: The smallest random laser p132
Smaller laser sources could be used in all-optical devices or for secret marking of documents. A special type of microlaser that uses disordered materials to create laser light may provide a simple and cheap option.
Diederik Wiersma
doi:10.1038/35018184
100 and 50 years ago p133
doi:10.1038/35018188
アポトーシス：死の小悪魔
Apoptosis: The little devil of death p135
There are 'roadblocks' at several points in the signalling pathways that control programmed cell death. When the cell needs to die, these roadblocks must be removed, and a vertebrate protein that removes one such block has now been identified.
Vincenzo De Laurenzi and Gerry Melino
doi:10.1038/35018190
大気化学：空の出来事を刻む岩石
Atmospheric chemistry: Rock signature from the sky p136
What was Earth's atmosphere like at different times in the past? Studies of sulphate-rich rocks, which are found to contain an unusual oxygen-isotope signature derived from chemical interactions in the atmosphere, may provide a new tool to tackle the question.
Robert N. Clayton
doi:10.1038/35018193
神経変性：ワンヒットで神経細胞の死を
Neurodegeneration: One-hit neuronal death p137
Statistical analyses of neuronal death rates in a variety of neurodegenerative disorders indicate that a 'one-hit' model of cell death may be common to all of them. In this model, affected neurons are in an abnormal state in which there is a higher chance that a rare catastrophic event will lead to cell death.
Nathaniel Heintz
doi:10.1038/35018196
パルサー天文学：見かけより年寄りの星
Pulsar astronomy: Older than they look p139
A pulsar that has 'escaped' from the supernova remnant where it was born is helping astronomers redefine their understanding of pulsar ages. It appears that many apparently young pulsars are in fact older than they seem.
John H. Seiradakis
doi:10.1038/35018198
植物病理学：ブラジル発の塩基配列データ
Plant pathology: The bugs from Brazil p140
The list of organisms whose genomes have been sequenced is growing fast. The latest addition comes from a Brazilian consortium: the organism concerned is Xylella fastidiosa, a bacterium that attacks citrus trees.
Michael Bevan
doi:10.1038/35018202
発生生物学：2つの心が1つに
Developmental biology: Bringing two hearts together p141
During the development of the vertebrate heart, two 'primordia' form - one on each side of the body - and must then migrate to the centre and find each other. The characterization of a zebrafish gene essential for this process, called miles apart, sheds light on the underlying molecular circuitry.
Wolfgang Driever
doi:10.1038/35018205
大気物理学：カリブに極光
Atmospheric physics: Polar lights in the Caribbean p141
Auroras are spectacular light shows rarely seen outside the polar regions. Users of the world's largest radio telescope in Arecibo, Puerto Rico, have created their own artificial aurora by stimulating the lower ionosphere with intense radio waves.
Sarah Tomlin
doi:10.1038/35018208
Daedalus: Jet-age cleaning p142
Daedalus is inventing a new cleaning hose, which launches a beam of ultrasound along with a water jet. The 'Ultrajet' will dislodge dirt with great vigour, and will abolish many tedious cleaning jobs.
David Jones
doi:10.1038/35018211
Top of page
Brief Communications
A self-extending paediatric leg implant p143
This device spares the need for surgical intervention by simulating natural limb growth.
Rainer Kotz, Reinhard Windhager, Martin Dominkus, Bernd Robioneck and Holger Müller-Daniels
doi:10.1038/35018155
Insect metabolism: Preventing cyanide release from leaves p144
Helene S. Engler, Kevin C. Spencer and Lawrence E. Gilbert
doi:10.1038/35018159
Microbiology: A triclosan-resistant bacterial enzyme p145
Materials science: Diffusion of a polymer 'pancake' p146
Svetlana A. Sukhishvili, Yan Chen, Joachim D. Müller, Enrico Gratton, Kenneth S. Schweizer and Steve Granick
doi:10.1038/35018166
Top of page
Article
遺伝：植物病原菌Xylella fastidiosaのゲノム塩基配列解読
The genome sequence of the plant pathogen Xylella fastidiosa p151
A. J. G. Simpson, F.C. Reinach, P. Arruda, F. A. Abreu, M. Acencio, R. Alvarenga, L. M. C. Alves, J. E. Araya, G. S. Baia, C. S. Baptista, M. H. Barros, E. D. Bonaccorsi, S. Bordin, J. M. Bové, M. R. S. Briones, M. R. P. Bueno, A. A. Camargo, L. E. A. Camargo, D. M. Carraro, H. Carrer, N. B. Colauto, C. Colombo, F. F. Costa, M. C. R. Costa, C. M. Costa-Neto, L. L. Coutinho, M. Cristofani, E. Dias-Neto, C. Docena, H. El-Dorry, A. P. Facincani, A. J. S. Ferreira, V. C. A. Ferreira, J. A. Ferro, J. S. Fraga, S. C. França, M. C. Franco, M. Frohme, L. R. Furlan, M. Garnier, G. H. Goldman, M. H. S. Goldman, S. L. Gomes, A. Gruber, P. L. Ho, J. D. Hoheisel, M. L. Junqueira, E. L. Kemper, J.P. Kitajima, J. E. Krieger, E. E. Kuramae, F. Laigret, M. R. Lambais, L. C. C. Leite, E. G. M. Lemos, M. V. F. Lemos, S. A. Lopes, C. R. Lopes, J. A. Machado, M. A. Machado, A. M. B. N. Madeira, H. M. F. Madeira, C. L. Marino, M. V. Marques, E. A. L. Martins, E. M. F. Martins, A. Y. Matsukuma, C. F. M. Menck, E. C. Miracca, C. Y. Miyaki, C. B. Monteiro-Vitorello, D. H. Moon, M. A. Nagai, A. L. T. O. Nascimento, L. E. S. Netto, A. Nhani, Jr, F. G. Nobrega, L. R. Nunes, M. A. Oliveira, M. C. de Oliveira, R. C. de Oliveira, D. A. Palmieri, A. Paris, B. R. Peixoto, G. A. G. Pereira, H. A. Pereira, Jr, J. B. Pesquero, R. B. Quaggio, P. G. Roberto, V. Rodrigues, A. J. de M. Rosa, V. E. de Rosa, Jr, R. G. de Sá, R. V. Santelli, H. E. Sawasaki, A. C. R. da Silva, A. M. da Silva, F. R. da Silva, W. A. Silva, J. F. da Silveira, M. L. Z. Silvestri, W. J. Siqueira, A. A. de Souza, A. P. de Souza, M. F. Terenzi, D. Truffi, S. M. Tsai, M. H. Tsuhako, H. Vallada, M. A. Van Sluys, S. Verjovski-Almeida, A. L. Vettore, M. A. Zago, M. Zatz, J. Meidanis and J. C. Setubal
doi:10.1038/35018003
Top of page
Letters to Nature
宇宙：固有運動の上限からパルサーB1757-24が非常に古いことを算出
A large age for the pulsar B1757-24 from an upper limit on its proper motion p158
物性：UPt3の超伝導の対称性変化による磁束線格子の再整列
Realignment of the flux-line lattice by a change in the symmetry of superconductivity in UPt3 p160
Andrew Huxley, Pierre Rodière, Donald McK. Paul, Niels van Dijk, Robert Cubitt and Jacques Flouquet
doi:10.1038/35018020
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (339K)
物理：高調波軟X線のコヒーレント放出におけるパルス波形の最適化
Shaped-pulse optimization of coherent emission of high-harmonic soft X-rays p164
R. Bartels, S. Backus, E. Zeek, L. Misoguti, G. Vdovin, I. P. Christov, M. M. Murnane and H. C. Kapteyn
doi:10.1038/35018029
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (151K)
物理：過冷却水の配位エントロピーと拡散性
Configurational entropy and diffusivity of supercooled water p166
Antonio Scala, Francis W. Starr, Emilia La Nave, Francesco Sciortino and H. Eugene Stanley
doi:10.1038/35018034
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (166K)
材料：結晶性RuO2ナノワイヤーによるメソポーラスな絶縁体の内部への電子的接続
Electronic connection to the interior of a mesoporous insulator with nanowires of crystalline RuO2 p169
Joseph V. Ryan, Alan D. Berry, Michele L. Anderson, Jeffrey W. Long, Rhonda M. Stroud, Veronica M. Cepak, Valerie M. Browning, Debra R. Rolison and Celia I. Merzbacher
doi:10.1038/35018040
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (214K)
地球：石油アスファルテンの力学的特性による石油生成時の温度の決定
Determining the temperature of petroleum formation from the kinetic properties of petroleum asphaltenes p173
Rolando di Primio, Brian Horsfield and Mario A. Guzman-Vega
doi:10.1038/35018046
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (197K)
地球：地球の塊状硫化物鉱床中の異常な17O組成
Anomalous 17O compositions in massive sulphate deposits on the Earth p176
Huiming Bao, Mark H. Thiemens, James Farquhar, Douglas A. Campbell, Charles Chi-Woo Lee, Klaus Heine and David B. Loope
doi:10.1038/35018052
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (167K)
地球：岩石のさまざまな長さスケールの決定
Determining multiple length scales in rocks p178
環境：コロラド州ロッキー山脈の野生生物におけるカドミウム毒性
Cadmium toxicity among wildlife in the Colorado Rocky Mountains p181
James R. Larison, Gene E. Likens, John W. Fitzpatrick and J. G. Crock
doi:10.1038/35018068
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (128K)
進化：競争によって、多胚生殖するハチの階級比率に適応性のシフトが起こる
Competition induces adaptive shifts in caste ratios of a polyembryonic wasp p183
Jeffrey A. Harvey, Laura S. Corley and Michael R. Strand
doi:10.1038/35018074
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (158K)
進化：有柄眼をもつハエの遺伝的多様性は条件依存的に信号伝達する
Condition-dependent signalling of genetic variation in stalk-eyed flies p186
Patrice David, Tracey Bjorksten, Kevin Fowler and Andrew Pomiankowski
doi:10.1038/35018079
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (142K)
発生：セグメントポラリティー・ネットワークは発生の丈夫な基本単位である
The segment polarity network is a robust developmental module p188
George von Dassow, Eli Meir, Edwin M. Munro and Garrett M. Odell
doi:10.1038/35018085
発生：スフィンゴシン‐1‐リン酸受容体は脊椎動物の心臓の発生において細胞移動を制御する
A sphingosine-1-phosphate receptor regulates cell migration during vertebrate heart development p192
Erik Kupperman, Songzhu An, Nick Osborne, Steven Waldron and Didier Y. R. Stainier
doi:10.1038/35018092
医学：遺伝性神経変性疾患における細胞死の「ワンヒット」モデル
A one-hit model of cell death in inherited neuronal degenerations p195
Geoff Clarke, Richard A. Collins, Blair R. Leavitt, David F. Andrews, Michael R. Hayden, Charles J. Lumsden and Roderick R. McInnes
doi:10.1038/35018098
生理：副甲状腺の遺伝的欠失によって副甲状腺ホルモンに別の供給源があることがわかる
Genetic ablation of parathyroid glands reveals another source of parathyroid hormone p199
Thomas Günther, Zhou-Feng Chen, Jaesang Kim, Matthias Priemel, Johannes M. Rueger, Michael Amling, Jane M. Moseley, T. John Martin, David J. Anderson and Gerard Karsenty
doi:10.1038/35018111
医学：コレステロールエステル輸送タンパク質阻害剤はウサギのアテローム性動脈硬化症を改善する
A cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitor attenuates atherosclerosis in rabbits p203
Hiroshi Okamoto, Fumihiko Yonemori, Korekiyo Wakitani, Takashi Minowa, Kimiya Maeda and Hisashi Shinkai
doi:10.1038/35018119
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (193K)
細胞：PMLは癌遺伝子Rasによって誘導されるp53のアセチル化と早期の老化を制御する
PML regulates p53 acetylation and premature senescence induced by oncogenic Ras p207
Mark Pearson, Roberta Carbone, Carla Sebastiani, Mario Cioce, Marta Fagioli, Shin'ichi Saito, Yuichiro Higashimoto, Ettore Appella, Saverio Minucci, Pier Paolo Pandolfi and Pier Giuseppe Pelicci
doi:10.1038/35018127
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (345K)
細胞：BRCA1と血管拡張性失調症遺伝子産物のDNA損傷応答における機能的関連
Functional link of BRCA1 and ataxia telangiectasia gene product in DNA damage response p210
Shang Li, Nicholas S. Y. Ting, Lei Zheng, Phang-Lang Chen, Yael Ziv, Yosef Shiloh, Eva Y.-H. P. Lee and Wen-Hwa Lee
doi:10.1038/35018134
日本語要約 | Full Text | PDF (256K)
Top of page
New on the Market
Genome from genome p217
Genes and genomes feature in this week's new product selection.
doi:10.1038/35018169
