Opinion

NSF boost sends the right message to Congress p579

Clinton's belated decision to invest heavily in basic science and engineering at the National Science Foundation deserves to win the support of his political opponents on Capitol Hill.

doi:10.1038/35001192

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Think globally, act cautiously p579

Renewed interest in a scientific approach to global problems is welcome, but needs sensitive treatment.

doi:10.1038/35001194

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News

CERN claims first experimental creation of quark–gluon plasma p581

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/35001196

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Austria taken to court for inadequate laws on animal welfare p582

Keith Nuthall

doi:10.1038/35001199

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International science council names first female president p582

Rex Dalton

doi:10.1038/35001201

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Biotech companies attack NIH rules p582

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/35001204

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NASA review leaves projects on launch pad p583

Tony Reichhardt

doi:10.1038/35001206

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Congress gets tough with gene therapy p583

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/35001209

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Scientists reject blame for German genome shortfall p584

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/35001212

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Clinton's farewell gift to US science agencies p585

Colin Macilwain, Tony Reichhardt and Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/35001215

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Mostly winners — but the NIF must make do p585

Colin Macilwain, Tony Reichhardt and Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/35001218

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News Profile

Stanford accelerator takes lead in race to quantify CP violation p586

Two international teams are competing to measure B-meson decay. Their results will change our understanding of physics and of the Universe.

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/35001220

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Charm, not tact, aided pioneer in fight for physics p586

Former director made enemies but put SLAC on the road to success.

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/35001223

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Sky's the limit as teams bid for NASA project p587

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/35001220

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news in brief p588

doi:10.1038/35001226

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Correspondence

Will cell alliance breed bureaucracy and leave contributors out? p591

Stephen J. Haggarty and Miguel Ramalho-Santos

doi:10.1038/35001228

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Proteins suggest form of their own database p591

Marvin Cassman, Tony Hunter and Tony Pawson

doi:10.1038/35001230

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Debating controversies can enhance creativity p592

Shi V. Liu

doi:10.1038/35001232

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Time for an aspirin p592

Marvin Minsky

doi:10.1038/35001234

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The myth of well-funded German research p592

Geoffrey A. Manley

doi:10.1038/35001236

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Book Reviews

Worth more dead than alive p593

Should we attempt to conserve biodiversity simply for its own sake?

Harold A. Mooney reviews Requiem for Nature by John Terborgh

doi:10.1038/35001122

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A receding wilderness p593

doi:10.1038/35001124

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Population genetics revisited p594

John Maynard Smith reviews Mathematics of Evolution by Fred Hoyle

doi:10.1038/35001127

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Secrets, codes and decoders p595

Charles H. Bennett reviews The Code Book by Simon Singh and Between Silk and Cyanide: A Codemaker's War 1941–1945 by Leo Marks

doi:10.1038/35001129

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Ancient Egypt's cryptic hieroglyphs p595

doi:10.1038/35001131

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A compendium of Victorian culture p596

Sophie Forgan reviews The Great Exhibition by John R. Davis and The Great Exhibition of 1851: A Nation on Display by Jeffrey A. Auerbach

doi:10.1038/35001134

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Millennium Essay

Laying down the law p597

Every living thing obeys the rules of scaling discovered by Max Kleiber.

Vaclav Smil

doi:10.1038/35001159

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Futures

Only connect p599

An elegant demonstration that the Universe is made of quantum graphs.

Greg Egan

doi:10.1038/35001162

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News and Views

Proteomics: Guilt-by-association goes global p601

Clues to the function of a protein can be obtained by seeing whether it interacts with another protein of known function. This principle of guilt-by-association has now been applied to the entire protein complement of yeast.

Stephen Oliver

doi:10.1038/35001165

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100 and 50 years ago p602

doi:10.1038/35001169

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Astronomy: Dynamics of Jupiter's atmosphere p603

Alvin Seiff

doi:10.1038/35001171

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Neuroscience: Images of lost sleep p605

Jim Horne

doi:10.1038/35001174

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Enzyme evolution: Design by necessity p606

Gregory A. Petsko

doi:10.1038/35001176

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Developmental genetics: A Hox by any other name p607

Denis Duboule

doi:10.1038/35001179

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Thermodynamics: Conflicting arrows of time p609

Peter T. Landsberg and James Vickers

doi:10.1038/35001182

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Antarctica: Stirring the icy waters p610

Charles R. Bentley

doi:10.1038/35001184

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Cell biology: Which way is up? p611

Mark Peifer and Ulrich Tepass

doi:10.1038/35001187

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Daedalus: Stirring the blood p612

David Jones

doi:10.1038/35001190

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Brief Communications

Flight restores fight in crickets p613

Aggressiveness recovers much faster in male crickets forced to fly after a defeat.

Hans A. Hofmann and Paul A. Stevenson

doi:10.1038/35001137

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Physiology: The ACE gene and muscle performance p614

A. G. Williams, M. P. Rayson, M. Jubb, M. World, D. R. Woods, M. Hayward, J. Martin, S. E. Humphries and H. E. Montgomery

doi:10.1038/35001141

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (355K)

Structural biology: A new model for protein stereospecificity p614

Andrew D. Mesecar and Daniel E. Koshland, Jr

doi:10.1038/35001144

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (355K)

Conservation biology: 'Ghost' alleles of the Mauritius kestrel p616

Jim J. Groombridge, Carl G. Jones, Michael W. Bruford and Richard A. Nichols

doi:10.1038/35001148

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (130K)

Articles

Directed evolution of new catalytic activity using the /-barrel scaffold p617

Myriam M. Altamirano, Jonathan M. Blackburn, Cristina Aguayo and Alan R. Fersht

doi:10.1038/35001001

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (1,665K)

See also: News and Views by Petsko

A comprehensive analysis of protein–protein interactions in Saccharomyces cerevisiae p623

Peter Uetz, Loic Giot, Gerard Cagney, Traci A. Mansfield, Richard S. Judson, James R. Knight, Daniel Lockshon, Vaibhav Narayan, Maithreyan Srinivasan, Pascale Pochart, Alia Qureshi-Emili, Ying Li, Brian Godwin, Diana Conover, Theodore Kalbfleisch, Govindan Vijayadamodar, Meijia Yang, Mark Johnston, Stanley Fields and Jonathan M. Rothberg

doi:10.1038/35001009

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (482K)

See also: News and Views by Oliver

Letters to Nature

Observation of moist convection in Jupiter's atmosphere p628

P. J. Gierasch, A. P. Ingersoll, D. Banfield, S. P. Ewald, P. Helfenstein, A. Simon-Miller, A. Vasavada, H. H. Breneman, D. A. Senske and Galileo Imaging Team

doi:10.1038/35001017

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (220K)

See also: News and Views by Seiff

Moist convection as an energy source for the large-scale motions in Jupiter's atmosphere p630

A. P. Ingersoll, P. J. Gierasch, D. Banfield, A. R. Vasavada and Galileo Imaging Team

doi:10.1038/35001021

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (197K)

Structure and bandgap closure in dense hydrogen p632

Kurt A. Johnson and N. W. Ashcroft

doi:10.1038/35001024

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (328K)

Direct measurement of electrical transport through DNA molecules p635

Danny Porath, Alexey Bezryadin, Simon de Vries and Cees Dekker

doi:10.1038/35001029

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (430K)

Non-destructive determination of local strain with 100-nanometre spatial resolution p638

S. Di Fonzo, W. Jark, S. Lagomarsino, C. Giannini, L. De Caro, A. Cedola and M. Müller

doi:10.1038/35001035

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (276K)

Air entrapment in coatings by way of a tip-streaming meniscus p641

P. G. Simpkins and V. J. Kuck

doi:10.1038/35001043

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (264K)

Water exchange between the subglacial Lake Vostok and the overlying ice sheet p643

Martin J. Siegert, Ron Kwok, Christoph Mayer and Bryn Hubbard

doi:10.1038/35001049

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (994K)

See also: News and Views by Bentley

Stable-isotope probing as a tool in microbial ecology p646

Stefan Radajewski, Philip Ineson, Nisha R. Parekh and J. Colin Murrell

doi:10.1038/35001054

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (209K)

Ancestral chloroplast genome in Mesostigma viride reveals an early branch of green plant evolution p649

Claude Lemieux, Christian Otis and Monique Turmel

doi:10.1038/35001059

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (247K) | Supplementary information

Pattern recognition and active vision in chickens p652

Marian Stamp Dawkins and Alan Woodington

doi:10.1038/35001064

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (250K)

Altered brain response to verbal learning following sleep deprivation p655

Sean P. A. Drummond, Gregory G. Brown, J. Christian Gillin, John L. Stricker, Eric C. Wong and Richard B. Buxton

doi:10.1038/35001068

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (198K)

See also: News and Views by Horne

The organizer factors Chordin and Noggin are required for mouse forebrain development p658

Daniel Bachiller, John Klingensmith, C. Kemp, J. A. Belo, R. M. Anderson, S. R. May, J. A. McMahon, A. P. McMahon, R. M. Harland, J. Rossant and E. M. De Robertis

doi:10.1038/35001072

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (346K)

Maintenance of functional equivalence during paralogous Hox gene evolution p661

Joy M. Greer, John Puetz, Kirk R. Thomas and Mario R. Capecchi

doi:10.1038/35001077

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,549K)

See also: News and Views by Duboule

The genome sequence of the food-borne pathogen Campylobacter jejuni reveals hypervariable sequences p665

J. Parkhill, B. W. Wren, K. Mungall, J. M. Ketley, C. Churcher, D. Basham, T. Chillingworth, R. M. Davies, T. Feltwell, S. Holroyd, K. Jagels, A. V. Karlyshev, S. Moule, M. J. Pallen, C. W. Penn, M. A. Quail, M-A. Rajandream, K. M. Rutherford, A. H. M. van Vliet, S. Whitehead and B. G. Barrell

doi:10.1038/35001088

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (1,396K) | Supplementary information

Shiga-like toxins are neutralized by tailored multivalent carbohydrate ligands p669

Pavel I. Kitov, Joanna M. Sadowska, George Mulvey, Glen D. Armstrong, Hong Ling, Navraj S. Pannu, Randy J. Read and David R. Bundle

doi:10.1038/35001095

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (305K)

How self-tolerance and the immunosuppressive drug FK506 prevent B-cell mitogenesis p672

Richard Glynne, Srinivas Akkaraju, James I. Healy, Jane Rayner, Christopher C. Goodnow and David H. Mack

doi:10.1038/35001102

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (477K) | Supplementary information

Localization of apical epithelial determinants by the basolateral PDZ protein Scribble p676

David Bilder and Norbert Perrimon

doi:10.1038/35001108

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (432K)

See also: News and Views by Peifer & Tepass

A tripeptide 'anticodon' deciphers stop codons in messenger RNA p680

Koichi Ito, Makiko Uno and Yoshikazu Nakamura

doi:10.1038/35001115

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (508K)

New on the Market

Lasers, cameras, action p685

This week's offerings include the "smallest IR camera in the world".

doi:10.1038/35001152

Full Text | PDF (363K)