Opinion

The promise of proteomics p703

Analysing the entire set of proteins of an organism is a far bigger challenge than anything in genomics. The technological obstacles and biological complexities require, for now, a steady approach to that necessary goal.

doi:10.1038/45308

Full Text | PDF (268K)

Gene therapy for the public p703

The NIH has an opportunity to make its commitment to openness more purposeful.

doi:10.1038/45310

Full Text | PDF (268K)

News

IBM promises scientists 500-fold leap in supercomputing power... p705

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/45312

Full Text | PDF (1,406K)

...and a chance to tackle protein structure p705

Declan Butler

doi:10.1038/45316

Full Text | PDF (1,406K)

Germany drags its feet over demand for genome funds p706

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/45318

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Tighter watch urged on adenoviral vectors... p707

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/45321

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...with proposal to report all 'adverse events' p707

Paul Smaglik

doi:10.1038/45324

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French research minister waters down CNRS reform p708

Heather McCabe

doi:10.1038/45326

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'Relevant' teaching turns UK children back on to physics p708

Natasha Loder

doi:10.1038/45328

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Lots more cash for UK universities p708

Natasha Loder

doi:10.1038/45331

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Roche's Taq patent 'obtained by deceit', rules US court p709

Rex Dalton

doi:10.1038/45333

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US sends Livermore laser target chamber to France on loan p709

Colin Macilwain

doi:10.1038/45336

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Germany's research agencies open up recruiting practices p710

Quirin Schiermeier

doi:10.1038/45339

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China and Hong Kong pool effort in high-tech projects p710

Tian Xuewen

doi:10.1038/45342

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News Analysis

Have NASA's scientists been the victims of excessive expectations? p711

The failure of the Mars Polar Lander may have been the result of NASA's high demands. But aiming lower could mean cancelling missions.

Tony Reichhardt

doi:10.1038/45344

Full Text | PDF (614K)

News in brief p712

doi:10.1038/45347

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Briefings

A post-genomic challenge: learning to read patterns of protein synthesis p715

The new science of proteomics promises exciting insights into the working of the cell. But major technical hurdles remain to be overcome.

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/45350

Full Text | PDF (136K)

Proteomics, transcriptomics: what's in a name? p715

doi:10.1038/45354

Full Text | PDF (136K)

How to spot a protein in a crowd p716

Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/45356

Full Text | PDF (58K)

Can researchers find recipe for proteins and chips? p718

Rex Dalton and Alison Abbott

doi:10.1038/45359

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Funding agencies move hesitantly to embrace novel approaches p720

doi:10.1038/45363

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Correspondence

Learning lessons from NASA's failed science missions p721

Dave Hall

doi:10.1038/45366

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Online research archive will be free to all p721

Matthew Cockerill

doi:10.1038/45368

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How reliable is science information on the web? p722

Eva S. Allen, John M. Burke, Mark E. Welch and Loren H. Rieseberg

doi:10.1038/45370

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Where nuclear weapons come before basic needs p722

Zia Mian and M. V. Ramana

doi:10.1038/45373

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Book Reviews

The whens and wherefores of life p723

A biological slant on the conundrum of our relationship with time.

F. Gonzalez-Crussi reviews The Missing Moment: How the Unconscious Shapes Modern Science by Robert Pollack

doi:10.1038/45375

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Numerical concoctions p724

Jeremy Gray reviews Once Upon a Number: The Hidden Mathematical Logic of Stories by John Allen Paulos

doi:10.1038/45378

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Playing with numbers p724

doi:10.1038/45380

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Light from underground p725

Hynek Burda reviews Mosaic Evolution of Subterranean Mammals: Regression, Progression and Global Convergence by Eviatar Nevo

doi:10.1038/45383

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New in paperback p725

doi:10.1038/45385

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Moving from simple to complex p726

Nicholas Dale reviews Neuronal Control of Locomotion: From Mollusc to Man by G.N. Orlovsky, T. G. Deliagina and S. Grillner

doi:10.1038/45387

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Science in culture p726

Marina Vaizey reviews Photography and the artist

doi:10.1038/45389

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Millennium Essay

Slanted evidence p727

The tortuous path from skull measurements to theories of racial superiority.

Martin Kemp

doi:10.1038/45392

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Futures

The road to the year 3000 p729

The simplicity of a single equation holds the key to human happiness.

Harry Harrison

doi:10.1038/45395

Full Text | PDF (118K)

News and Views

Today we have naming of parts p731

The first completely sequenced plant chromosomes, from the mustard Arabidopsis thaliana, reveal a dynamic genome that is constantly being rearranged.

Elliot M. Meyerowitz

doi:10.1038/45398

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Extrasolar planets: Direct detection at last p732

Adam Burrows and Roger Angel

doi:10.1038/45401

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Population biology: The prodigal fish p733

Stephen R. Palumbi

doi:10.1038/45403

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Materials science: Injecting spin into electronics p735

Michael Oestreich

doi:10.1038/45406

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100 and 50 years ago p736

doi:10.1038/45408

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Animal behaviour: The male tail p736

Jeff Harvey

doi:10.1038/45410

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Spongiform encephalopathies: Breech-birth prions p737

James Hope

doi:10.1038/45413

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Earth science: The mantle's lava lamp p739

Marcia McNutt

doi:10.1038/45416

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Ion channels: Common origins p739

Lesley Anson

doi:10.1038/45419

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Lifespan: The effects of sensory deprivation p740

James H. Thomas

doi:10.1038/45422

Full Text | PDF (103K)

Daedalus: Publication paradise p741

David Jones

doi:10.1038/45424

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Obituary: Johannes A. van Paradijs (1946–99) p742

Edward van den Heuvel

doi:10.1038/45426

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News and Views Feature

The future of cloning p743

It is now possible to make clones, or exact genetic copies, of sheep, cows, goats, mice and, probably, humans. This opens the way towards the production of replacement body parts from adult cells.

J. B. Gurdon and Alan Colman

doi:10.1038/45429

Full Text | PDF (2,723K)

Brief Communications

Large eyeballs in diving ichthyosaurs p747

The huge eyes of these extinct reptiles may have been useful deep in the ocean.

Ryosuke Motani, Bruce M. Rothschild and William Wahl, Jr

Full Text | PDF (106K) | Supplementary information

Developmental biology: BMP signalling specifies the pyloric sphincter p748

Devyn M. Smith and Clifford J. Tabin

doi:10.1038/45439

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (268K)

Chronometry: Effect of the 1999 solar eclipse on atomic clocks p749

Thomas Udem, Jörg Reichert, Ronald Holzwarth, Theodor Hänsch, Rainer Krämer, Jörg Hahn and Jens Hammesfahr

doi:10.1038/45442

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (214K)

Colloidal particles: Origin of anomalous multibody interactions p750

Jeffrey J. Gray, Benny Chiang and Roger T. Bonnecaze

doi:10.1038/45445

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (713K)

corrections p750

doi:10.1038/45448

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Articles

Probable detection of starlight reflected from the giant planet orbiting Boötis p751

Andrew Collier Cameron, Keith Horne, Alan Penny and David James

doi:10.1038/45451

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (280K)

Simultaneous generation of hotspots and superswells by convection in a heterogeneous planetary mantle p756

Anne Davaille

doi:10.1038/45461

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (238K)

Sequence and analysis of chromosome 2 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana p761

Xiaoying Lin, Samir Kaul, Steve Rounsley, Terrance P. Shea, Maria-Ines Benito, Christopher D. Town, Claire Y. Fujii, Tanya Mason, Cheryl L. Bowman, Mary Barnstead, Tamara V. Feldblyum, C. Robin Buell, Karen A. Ketchum, John Lee, Catherine M. Ronning, Hean L. Koo, Kelly S. Moffat, Lisa A. Cronin, Mian Shen, Grace Pai, Susan Van Aken, Lowell Umayam, Luke J. Tallon, John E. Gill, Mark D. Adams, Ana J. Carrera, Todd H. Creasy, Howard M. Goodman, Chris R. Somerville, Greg P. Copenhaver, Daphne Preuss, William C. Nierman, Owen White, Jonathan A. Eisen, Steven L. Salzberg, Claire M. Fraser and J. Craig Venter

doi:10.1038/45471

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (85K)

Sequence and analysis of chromosome 4 of the plant Arabidopsis thaliana p769

K. Mayer, C. Schüller, R. Wambutt, G. Murphy, G. Volckaert, T. Pohl, A. Düsterhöft, W. Stiekema, K.-D. Entian, N. Terryn, B. Harris, W. Ansorge, P. Brandt, L. Grivell, M. Rieger, M. Weichselgartner, V. de Simone, B. Obermaier, R. Mache, M. Müller, M. Kreis, M. Delseny, P. Puigdomenech, M. Watson, T. Schmidtheini, B. Reichert, D. Portatelle, M. Perez-Alonso, M. Boutry, I. Bancroft, P. Vos, J. Hoheisel, W. Zimmermann, H. Wedler, P. Ridley, S.-A. Langham, B. McCullagh, L. Bilham, J. Robben, J. Van der Schueren, B. Grymonprez, Y.-J. Chuang, F. Vandenbussche, M. Braeken, I. Weltjens, M. Voet, I. Bastiaens, R. Aert, E. Defoor, T. Weitzenegger, G. Bothe, U. Ramsperger, H. Hilbert, M. Braun, E. Holzer, A. Brandt, S. Peters, M. van Staveren, W. Dirkse, P. Mooijman, R. Klein Lankhorst, M. Rose, J. Hauf, P. Kötter, S. Berneiser, S. Hempel, M. Feldpausch, S. Lamberth, H. Van den Daele, A. De Keyser, C. Buysshaert, J. Gielen, R. Villarroel, R. De Clercq, M. Van Montagu, J. Rogers, A. Cronin, M. Quail, S. Bray-Allen, L. Clark, J. Doggett, S. Hall, M. Kay, N. Lennard, K. McLay, R. Mayes, A. Pettett, M.-A. Rajandream, M. Lyne, V. Benes, S. Rechmann, D. Borkova, H. Blöcker, M. Scharfe, M. Grimm, T.-H. Löhnert, S. Dose, M. de Haan, A. Maarse, M. Schäfer, S. Müller-Auer, C. Gabel, M. Fuchs, B. Fartmann, K. Granderath, D. Dauner, A. Herzl, S. Neumann, A. Argiriou, D. Vitale, R. Liguori, E. Piravandi, O. Massenet, F. Quigley, G. Clabauld, A. Mündlein, R. Felber, S. Schnabl, R. Hiller, W. Schmidt, A. Lecharny, S. Aubourg, F. Chefdor, R. Cooke, C. Berger, A. Montfort, E. Casacuberta, T. Gibbons, N. Weber, M. Vandenbol, M. Bargues, J. Terol, A. Torres, A. Perez-Perez, B. Purnelle, E. Bent, S. Johnson, D. Tacon, T. Jesse, L. Heijnen, S. Schwarz, P. Scholler, S. Heber, P. Francs, C. Bielke, D. Frishman, D. Haase, K. Lemcke, H. W. Mewes, S. Stocker, P. Zaccaria, M. Bevan, R. K. Wilson, M. de la Bastide, K. Habermann, L. Parnell, N. Dedhia, L. Gnoj, K. Schutz, E. Huang, L. Spiegel, M. Sehkon, J. Murray, P. Sheet, M. Cordes, J. Abu-Threideh, T. Stoneking, J. Kalicki, T. Graves, G. Harmon, J. Edwards, P. Latreille, L. Courtney, J. Cloud, A. Abbott, K. Scott, D. Johnson, P. Minx, D. Bentley, B. Fulton, N. Miller, T. Greco, K. Kemp, J. Kramer, L. Fulton, E. Mardis, M. Dante, K. Pepin, L. Hillier, J. Nelson, J. Spieth, E. Ryan, S. Andrews, C. Geisel, D. Layman, H. Du, J. Ali, A. Berghoff, K. Jones, K. Drone, M. Cotton, C. Joshu, B. Antonoiu, M. Zidanic, C. Strong, H. Sun, B. Lamar, C. Yordan, P. Ma, J. Zhong, R. Preston, D. Vil, M. Shekher, A. Matero, R. Shah, I'K. Swaby, A. O'Shaughnessy, M. Rodriguez, J. Hoffman, S. Till, S. Granat, N. Shohdy, A. Hasegawa, A. Hameed, M. Lodhi, A. Johnson, E. Chen, M. Marra, R. Martienssen and W. R. McCombie

doi:10.1038/47134

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (148K)

A structural change in the kinesin motor protein that drives motility p778

Sarah Rice, Abel W. Lin, Daniel Safer, Cynthia L. Hart, Nariman Naber, Bridget O. Carragher, Shane M. Cain, Elena Pechatnikova, Elizabeth M. Wilson-Kubalek, Michael Whittaker, Edward Pate, Roger Cooke, Edwin W. Taylor, Ronald A. Milligan and Ronald D. Vale

doi:10.1038/45483

Abstract | Full Text | PDF (428K)

Letters to Nature

Thermally activated transitions in a bistable three-dimensional optical trap p785

Lowell I. McCann, Mark Dykman and Brage Golding

doi:10.1038/45492

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (181K)

Injection and detection of a spin-polarized current in a light-emitting diode p787

R. Fiederling, M. Keim, G. Reuscher, W. Ossau, G. Schmidt, A. Waag and L. W. Molenkamp

doi:10.1038/45502

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (199K)

Electrical spin injection in a ferromagnetic semiconductor heterostructure p790

Y. Ohno, D. K. Young, B. Beschoten, F. Matsukura, H. Ohno and D. D. Awschalom

doi:10.1038/45509

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (192K)

Lithium-doped plastic crystal electrolytes exhibiting fast ion conduction for secondary batteries p792

Douglas R. MacFarlane, Junhua Huang and Maria Forsyth

doi:10.1038/45514

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (208K)

Patterning liquid flow on the microscopic scale p794

Dawn E. Kataoka and Sandra M. Troian

doi:10.1038/45521

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (220K)

Stabilizing a solid–solid interface with a molecular-scale adhesive p797

R. J. Davey, L. Williams-Seton, H. F. Lieberman and N. Blagden

doi:10.1038/45527

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (317K)

Larval retention and recruitment in an island population of a coral-reef fish p799

Stephen E. Swearer, Jennifer E. Caselle, David W. Lea and Robert R. Warner

doi:10.1038/45533

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (150K)

Self-recruitment in a coral reef fish population p802

G. P. Jones, M. J. Milicich, M. J. Emslie and C. Lunow

doi:10.1038/45538

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (129K)

Regulation of lifespan by sensory perception in Caenorhabditis elegans p804

Javier Apfeld and Cynthia Kenyon

doi:10.1038/45544

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (213K)

Atomic scale movement of the voltage-sensing region in a potassium channel measured via spectroscopy p809

Albert Cha, Gregory E. Snyder, Paul R. Selvin and Francisco Bezanilla

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (360K) | Supplementary information

Spectroscopic mapping of voltage sensor movement in the Shaker potassium channel p813

K. S. Glauner, L. M. Mannuzzu, C. S. Gandhi and E. Y. Isacoff

doi:10.1038/45561

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (760K)

Functional characterization of a potassium-selective prokaryotic glutamate receptor p817

Guo-Qiang Chen, Changhai Cui, Mark L. Mayer and Eric Gouaux

doi:10.1038/45568

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (725K)

Transmissible and genetic prion diseases share a common pathway of neurodegeneration p822

Ramanujan S. Hegde, Patrick Tremblay, Darlene Groth, Stephen J. DeArmond, Stanley B. Prusiner and Vishwanath R. Lingappa

doi:10.1038/45574

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (299K)

T-cell co-stimulation through B7RP-1 and ICOS p827

Steven K. Yoshinaga, John S. Whoriskey, Sanjay D. Khare, Ulla Sarmiento, Jane Guo, Tom Horan, Grace Shih, Ming Zhang, Marco A. Coccia, Tadahiko Kohno, Anna Tafuri-Bladt, David Brankow, Pauline Campbell, David Chang, Laura Chiu, Tianang Dai, Gordon Duncan, Gary S. Elliott, Ariela Hui, Susan M. McCabe, Sheila Scully, Arda Shahinian, Christine L. Shaklee, Gwyneth Van, Tak W. Mak and Giorgio Senaldi

doi:10.1038/45582

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (594K)

Functional recognition of the 3' splice site AG by the splicing factor U2AF³⁵ p832

Shaoping Wu, Charles M. Romfo, Timothy W. Nilsen and Michael R. Green

doi:10.1038/45590

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (227K)

Both subunits of U2AF recognize the 3' splice site in Caenorhabditis elegans p835

Diego A. R. Zorio and Thomas Blumenthal

doi:10.1038/45597

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (178K)

Inhibition of msl-2 splicing by Sex-lethal reveals interaction between U2AF³⁵ and the 3' splice site AG p838

Livia Merendino, Sabine Guth, Daniel Bilbao, Concepción Martínez and Juan Valcárcel

doi:10.1038/45602

First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (542K)

Article

correction Long-range electrostatic attraction between like-charge spheres in a charged pore p841

W. Richard Bowen and Adel O. Sharif

doi:10.1038/45608

Full Text | PDF (792K)