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Brief Communications

Nature 402, 482 (2 December 1999) | doi:10.1038/45002

Reproduction: Germ cells colonized by endosymbiotic bacteria

Stephen J. Hadfield1 & J. Myles Axton1

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Wolbachia (Rickettsiaceae) is a genus of maternally inherited endosymbiotic bac-teria commonly found in the reproductive tissues of arthropods. These bacteria manipulate host reproduction to increase the number of infected individuals within the population, erecting intraspecific fertility barriers, causing parthenogenesis or resulting in the feminization of genetic males1. They are usually transmitted vertically, so we predicted that they should have evolved a mechanism to target the host's germ cells during development. Here we show that Wolbachia become concentrated in the germ plasm of the Drosophila egg. Mutations in developmental patterning genes2 demonstrate that this localization is dependent on the assembly of germ plasm.