Table of contents
Volume 401 Number 6755 pp387-828
(this content only available online) indicates content that is available online only
Opinion
Dangers of over-dependence on peer-reviewed publication p387
A number of independent trends are increasing the significance of journals' roles in providing high-quality information. Other sources need to be strengthened.
doi:10.1038/44408
News
Venter's Drosophila 'success' set to boost human genome efforts p729
Declan Butler
doi:10.1038/44410
Wellcome funds cancer database p729
David Dickson
doi:10.1038/44413
Journal under attack over controversial paper on GM food p731
Natasha Loder
doi:10.1038/44416
Japanese guidelines specify the terms of gene patents p731
Asako Saegusa
doi:10.1038/44418
Research chair bonanza in Canada p731
David Spurgeon
doi:10.1038/44420
US university fears allayed over access to research data p732
Colin Macilwain
doi:10.1038/44422
French students continue to turn away from science p732
Heather McCabe
doi:10.1038/44424
PNAS joins peer-reviewed PubMed Central p733
Colin Macilwain
doi:10.1038/44427
Funding changes aim to reform German universities p733
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/44430
Genetic variations can point the way to disease genes p734
Natasha Loder
doi:10.1038/44432
NASA plans to map stars and hunt gamma-ray bursts ... p734
Tony Reichhardt
doi:10.1038/44434
...and Europe to measure the Earth's gravity p734
Alison Abbott
doi:10.1038/44436
News Analysis
US Senate ignores scientific advice in failing to ratify test ban treaty p735
Researchers presented data that supports signing the test ban treaty, but they found that most politicians had already made up their minds.
Colin Macilwain
doi:10.1038/44439
Correspondence
Millions at risk as big cities grow apace in earthquake zones p738
Roger Bilham
doi:10.1038/44445
Where are the high-tech entrepreneurs? p738
Alexander Olek
doi:10.1038/44447
The birth of Big Biology p738
Alvin M. Weinberg
doi:10.1038/44449
Corot would put more planets in the picture p738
Annie Baglin
doi:10.1038/44451
Commentary
What is a wave? p739
Most people assume that a wave, being central to all the phenomena we observe, has a uniform definition. But defining this basic concept isn't so easy.
doi:10.1038/44453
Book Reviews
Giants' footprints in the greenhouse p741
The seeds of our understanding of global warming were sown by early heroes.
Robert J. Charlson reviews Greenhouse: The 200-Year Story of Global Warming by Gale E. Christianson and Historical Perspectives on Climate Change by James Rodger Fleming
doi:10.1038/44456
Planting the evidence p742
Christopher M. Berry reviews A Rum Affair: How Botany's 'Piltdown Man' was Unmasked by Karl Sabbagh
doi:10.1038/44459
Confessions of a modern roué p743
Walter Gratzer reviews Nazis, Women and Molecular Biology: Memoirs of a Lucky Self-Hater by Gunther S. Stent
doi:10.1038/44462
New in paperback p743
doi:10.1038/44464
Science in culture p744
Martin Kemp reviews
doi:10.1038/44466
Millennium Essay
Spark ignites physicists p745
Hertz's work on electromagnetism started as many arguments as it settled.
Dominique Pestre
doi:10.1038/44468
News and Views
Life on the road p747
As nerve axons migrate during wiring of the nervous system, molecular signposts at intermediate targets show them the way. Such a target has now bee n found to keep axons alive — provided they're on the right track.
John G. Flanagan
doi:10.1038/44471
100 and 50 years ago p748
doi:10.1038/44474
Protein crystallography: Frozen in time p748
Christopher Surridge
doi:10.1038/44476
Chemical physics: Molecules are cool p749
John M. Doyle and Bretislav Friedrich
doi:10.1038/44479
Pharmacology: Towards better benzodiazepines p751
William Wisden and David N. Stephens
doi:10.1038/44482
Carbon cycle: The blast in the past p752
Gerald R. Dickens
doi:10.1038/44486
Immunology: Toll gates for pathogen selection p755
Richard J. Ulevitch
doi:10.1038/44490
Earth science: Mercurial vents p755
John Whitfield
doi:10.1038/44492
Fluid dynamics: Order in chaos p756
Hassan Aref
doi:10.1038/44495
Zoology: Lickety split p756
Elizabeth Brainerd
doi:10.1038/44498
Space biology: Life without gravity p758
Richard J. Wassersug
doi:10.1038/44502
HIV: See a pocket, block it p759
John P. Moore and Tatjana Dragic
doi:10.1038/44504
Computational neuroscience: Think positive to find parts p759
Bartlett W. Mel
doi:10.1038/44507
Daedalus: Setting and upsetting p760
David Jones
doi:10.1038/44509
erratum p760
doi:10.1038/44634
Brief Communications
Hox genes and the making of sphincters p761
Hoxd genes are needed for the formation of sphincters to subdivide the developing gut.
József Zákány and Denis Duboule
doi:10.1038/44511
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (185K)
Evolution: Dicyemids are higher animals p762
Mari Kobayashi, Hidetaka Furuya and Peter W.H. Holland
doi:10.1038/44513
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (182K) | Supplementary information
Insect behaviour: Male beetles attracted by females mounting p762
Ally R. Harari and H. Jane Brockmann
doi:10.1038/44515
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (182K)
Environmental toxins: Exposure to bisphenol A advances puberty p763
Kembra L. Howdeshell, Andrew K. Hotchkiss, Kristina A. Thayer, John G. Vandenbergh and Frederick S. vom Saal
doi:10.1038/44517
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (133K)
Global warming: Solar variability and the Earth's climate p764
Martin I. Hoffert, Ken Caldeira, Curt Covey, Philip B. Duffy and Benjamin D. Santer
doi:10.1038/44519
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (85K)
Article
En passant neurotrophic action of an intermediate axonal target in the developing mammalian CNS p765
Hao Wang and Marc Tessier-Lavigne
doi:10.1038/44521
Abstract | Full Text | PDF (310K)
See also: News and Views by Flanagan
Letters to Nature
Persistent patterns in transient chaotic fluid mixing p770
D. Rothstein, E. Henry and J. P. Gollub
doi:10.1038/44529
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (235K)
See also: News and Views by Aref
Sonoluminescence temperatures during multi-bubble cavitation p772
William B. McNamara, III, Yuri T. Didenko and Kenneth S. Suslick
doi:10.1038/44536
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (194K)
Carbon cycling and chronology of climate warming during the Palaeocene/Eocene transition p775
Richard D Norris and Ursula Röhl
doi:10.1038/44545
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (149K)
See also: News and Views by Dickens
Onset of permanent stratification in the subarctic Pacific Ocean p779
Gerald H. Haug, Daniel M. Sigman, Ralf Tiedemann, Thomas F. Pedersen and Michael Sarnthein
doi:10.1038/44550
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (325K)
The formation of Mount Etna as the consequence of slab rollback p782
Zohar Gvirtzman and Amos Nur
doi:10.1038/44555
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (202K)
Decline in Mesozoic reef-building sponges explained by silicon limitation p785
Manuel Maldonado, M. Carmen Carmona, María J. Uriz and Antonio Cruzado
doi:10.1038/44560
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (257K)
Learning the parts of objects by non-negative matrix factorization p788
Daniel D. Lee and H. Sebastian Seung
doi:10.1038/44565
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (162K)
See also: News and Views by Mel
Distributed synaptic modification in neural networks induced by patterned stimulation p792
Guo-qiang Bi and Mu-ming Poo
doi:10.1038/44573
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (498K) | Supplementary information
Benzodiazepine actions mediated by specific 
-aminobutyric acidA receptor subtypes p796
Uwe Rudolph, Florence Crestani, Dietmar Benke, Ina Brünig, Jack A. Benson, Jean-Marc Fritschy, James R. Martin, Horst Bluethmann and Hanns Möhler
doi:10.1038/44579
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (239K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Wisden & Stephens
P/Q-type calcium channels mediate the activity-dependent feedback of syntaxin-1A p800
Kathy G. Sutton, John E. McRory, Heather Guthrie, Timothy H. Murphy and Terrance P. Snutch
doi:10.1038/44586
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (205K)
Extraintestinal dissemination of Salmonella by CD18-expressing phagocytes p804
Andrés Vazquez-Torres, Jessica Jones-Carson, Andreas J. Bäumler, Stanley Falkow, Raphael Valdivia, William Brown, Mysan Le, Ruth Berggren, W. Tony Parks and Ferric C. Fang
doi:10.1038/44593
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (346K)
Integrin cytoplasmic tyrosine motif is required for outside-in 
IIb
3 signalling and platelet function p808
Debbie A. Law, Francis R. DeGuzman, Patrick Heiser, Kathleen Ministri-Madrid, Nigel Killeen and David R. Phillips
doi:10.1038/44599
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (210K)
The Toll-like receptor 2 is recruited to macrophage phagosomes and discriminates between pathogens p811
David M. Underhill, Adrian Ozinsky, Adeline M. Hajjar, Anne Stevens, Christopher B. Wilson, Michael Bassetti and Alan Aderem
doi:10.1038/44605
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (272K) | Supplementary information
See also: News and Views by Ulevitch
Accumulation of cyclin B1 requires E2F and cyclin-A-dependent rearrangement of the anaphase-promoting complex p815
Claudia Lukas, Claus Storgaard Sørensen, Edgar Kramer, Eric Santoni-Rugiu, Claes Lindeneg, Jan-Michael Peters, Jiri Bartek and Jiri Lukas
doi:10.1038/44611
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (188K)
NMR structure and mutagenesis of the inhibitor-of-apoptosis protein XIAP p818
Chaohong Sun, Mengli Cai, Angelo H. Gunasekera, Robert P. Meadows, Hong Wang, Jun Chen, Haichao Zhang, Wei Wu, Nan Xu, Shi-Chung Ng and Stephen W. Fesik
doi:10.1038/44617
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (405K)
High-resolution X-ray structure of an early intermediate in the bacteriorhodopsin photocycle p822
Karl Edman, Peter Nollert, Antoine Royant, Hassan Belrhali, Eva Pebay-Peyroula, Janos Hajdu, Richard Neutze and Ehud M. Landau
doi:10.1038/44623
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (362K)
See also: News and Views by Surridge
New on the Market
Touching a nerve p827
Antibodies feature strongly in a selection aimed at neuroscientists.
doi:10.1038/44632
