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Nature 398, 13-17 (4 March 1999) | doi:10.1038/17883

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Science comes to terms with the lessons of fraud

Although the incidence of proven scientific fraud remains low, several high-profile cases have convinced the research community of the need for effective action, in particular by enforcing codes of good laboratory practice. Until a few decades ago, fraud in science was generally believed to be uncommon and, when it happened, it was perceived as the action of the deranged.