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Volume 392 Issue 6674, 26 March 1998

Opinion

  • Scientific and medical enthusiasm for the potential contributions of germline gene therapy must not obscure the need for detailed debate about its potential consequences — or for careful monitoring and sensitive regulation.

    Opinion

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  • Effective maritime research requires collaboration, but the case for a European agency has still to be made.

    Opinion
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News

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News in Brief

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Correspondence

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Commentary

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News & Views

  • Submarine landslides can generate enormous turbidity currents that carry that carry 500 km3or more of sediment down to the oceans' abyssal plains. The slides can cause Tsunamis, and may release large amounts of methane to the air.

    • Euan G. Nisbet
    • David J. W. Piper
    News & Views
  • Leptin is known to be involved in the control of body fat, but does it have any other functions? Two studies of human families with disrupted leptin function — one through mutations in the leptin receptor and one through mutations in leptin itself — indicate that the answer is ‘yes’. As well as being morbidly obese, young adults in both families have impaired reproductive function and they do not seem to have gone through puberty.

    • Stephen O'Rahilly
    News & Views
  • Liquid crystal displays could make excellent flat-screen televisions and computer monitors, if their brightness didn't change so markedly with viewing angle. A new, simple way to improve this optical performance has been demonstrated, using grooves in one surface of the display. An electric field can be used to make liquid-crystal molecules click into place, parallel to the grooves, producing the twisted configuration that is needed for a display element to work.

    • Jos van Haaren
    News & Views
  • Weather is too chaotic to be predicted more than ten days or so ahead. But climate is different. Forecasts of regional climate can now be made months in advance, using a global computer model that links ocean and atmosphere circulations. The predictions are expressed as probabilities: for example, the new model predicts a 70% chance that southeast China will continue to experience unusually wet weather. Unfortunately, verifying the model's reliability will take some time.Weather is too chaotic to be predicted more than ten days or so ahead. But climate is different. Forecasts of regional climate can now be made months in advance, using a global computer model that links ocean and atmosphere circulations. The predictions are expressed as probabilities: for example, the new model predicts a 70% chance that southeast China will continue to experience unusually wet weather. Unfortunately, verifying the model's reliability will take some time.

    • Philip Newton
    News & Views
  • Circumstantial evidence has led to the theory that substance P (SP) — an undecapeptide discovered over 60 years ago — is involved in the transmission of pain information from the central nervous system. More direct evidence is now provided by two studies of mice in which the function of SP has been genetically disrupted. Both studies find that the animals show reduced responses to painful stimuli, indicating that SP acts as a chemical neurotransmitter or modulator along pain pathways. Moreover, the mice show a reduced stress response when they're dunked in cold water, indicating that SP may also be involved in the response to stress.

    • Leslie Iversen
    News & Views
  • There is debate over the causes of the large and abrupt climate changes that the North Atlantic region has experienced in the past (and may do in the future). The driving forces of such changes might originate in the North Atlantic itself, or could be transmitted to the region from elsewhere. New evidence on the extent and movement of the British Ice Sheet around the end of the last ice age supports the first contention, and in particular implicates the advance and retreat of the Laurentide Ice Sheet in causing some of the big climate jumps of the past.

    • Richard B. Alley
    News & Views
  • Daedalus plans to explore the mesosphere — the levels of the atmosphere between 50 and 100 km up, inaccessible to balloon or satellite. His plan is to make a giant helicopter rotor based on the principle of the Crookes radiometer. One side of each blade is painted black, the other white. The black side, warmed by the Sun, will give a bigger thermal kick to impinging air molecules than the white side, so the whole rotor will rotate. Altoradiometers will soon be hovering in the mesosphere, migrating polewards as they collect valuable scientific data.

    • David Jones
    News & Views
  • The Palaeontologist renowned for his work on the “four-legged fish”.

    • Philippe Janvier
    News & Views
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News and Views Feature

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Art and Science

  • Turner is famous as a master of the use of primary colours to depict light in painting. What is less well known is that he was also a student of the science behind that art.

    • Martin Kemp
    Art and Science
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Scientific Correspondence

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Book Review

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Article

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Letter

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New on the Market

  • This roundup of recently announced products includes isoelectric focusing plates, filter capsules and electrophoresis kits for separations, as well as lamps, sample wheels and instruments for spectroscopy.

    • Brendan Horton
    New on the Market
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Careers and Recruitment

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