Table of contents


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Opinion

How to help universities meet obligation and opportunity p405

A landmark report on British higher education highlights an undercapitalized system ever more driven by a growing diversity of customers and the breakdown of trust between the academic community and the state.


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News

Clinton pulls out the stops in bid to win backing for carbon cuts p407

Colin Macilwain


IPCC reports 'should be more user friendly' p407


NASA urged to extend all solar satellites p408

Tony Reichhardt


Three weeks into mission, Sojourner dusts off Mars' secrets p408

Stephen Battersby


Japan seeks funding for new drilling ship p409

David Swinbanks


German truce on genome data access p409

Quirin Schiermeier


US warned about complacency on Japanese economy p410

Colin Macilwain


'Skewed medical goals' revealed by Indian survey p410

K. S. Jayaraman


FDA seeks to close xenotransplant gap p411

Colin Macilwain


University settles with patients over trade in 'stolen' embryos p411

Sally Lehrman


US and Europe may link up planned arrays p412

Tony Reichhardt


Austria to go private in novel solution to grant distribution p412

Quirin Schiermeier


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News Analysis

UK universities told: 'think strategically' p413

Last week's long-awaited Dearing report has urged the UK government to take immediate steps to remedy the underfunding of university research. But at a price: universities, it says, must agree to do things differently.

David Dickson


News in Brief p414


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Correspondence

US support for malaria research p416

Harold Varmus


EMBO fellows go home p416

Frank Gannon, Jennifer Norman, Mare Kriis, Anne Walter and Lars Breimer


Nightmare antibiotics p416

Chris F. Inglehearn


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News and Views

The democracy of the genes p417

Matt McGue


Palaeoclimatology:  A warm future in the past p418

William R. Howard


Protein engineering:  Reading, writing and redesigning p419

Michael Gro and Kevin W. Plaxco


Sociology of science:  Irregular scientific conjugations p420

John Hodgson


Quantum mechanics:  Whistles from superfluid helium p421

Peter McClintock


100 and 50 years ago p421


Cellular secretion:  Now you see it, now you don't p423

W. J. Betz and J. K. Angleson


Schizophrenia:  The price of language? p424

John Maddox


Photochemistry:  Trees to trap photons p425

Shaul Mukamel


Neurobiology:  Long-distance long-term depression p427

Roger A. Nicoll and Robert C. Malenka


:  From RAGs to stitches p428

David T. Weaver and Fredrick W. Alt


Daedalus:  Clearing the air p429

David Jones


Obituary:  Martin Schwarzschild (1912-97) p430

Jeremiah P. Ostriker


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Scientific Correspondence

Light-induced amphiphilic surfaces p431

Rong Wang, Kazuhito Hashimoto, Akira Fujishima, Makota Chikuni, Eiichi Kojima, Atsushi Kitamura, Mitsuhide Shimohigoshi and Toshiya Watanabe


S-nitrosylation regulates apoptosis p432

Gerry Melino, Francesca Bernassola, Richard A. Knight, Maria Tiziana Corasaniti, Giuseppe Nistic and Alessandro Finazzi-Agr


Thermal-expansion materials not so new p433

Rustum Roy and Dinesh Agrawal


Season of birth predicts mortality in rural Gambia p434

Sophie E. Moore, Timothy J. Cole, Elizabeth M. E. Poskitt, Bakary J. Sonko, Roger G. Whitehead, Ian A. McGregor and Andrew M. Prentice


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Book Reviews

Rise and eclipse of an elusive planet p435

Joseph N. Tatarewicz


Home is the hunter p436

Asako Saegusa


In-flight meals p436


Messages in melody p436

Christopher Longuet-Higgins


Born to science p437

Peter Bryant


New in paperback p437


At a glance p438

Nicholas C. Handy and Douglas Palmer


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Article

Propagation of activity-dependent synaptic depression in simple neural networks p439

Reiko Maki Fitzsimonds, Hong-jun Song and Mu-ming Poo


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Letters to Nature

Quantum oscillations between two weakly coupled reservoirs of superfluid 3He p449

S. V. Pereverzev, A. Loshak, S. Backhaus, J. C. Davis and R. E. Packard


Graphitic cones and the nucleation of curved carbon surfaces p451

A. Krishnan, E. Dujardin, M. M. J. Treacy, J. Hugdahl, S. Lynum and T. W. Ebbesen


Photoisomerization in dendrimers by harvesting of low-energy photons p454

Dong-Lin Jiang and Takuzo Aida


Past ultraviolet radiation environments in lakes derived from fossil pigments p457

Peter R. Leavitt, Rolf D. Vinebrooke, David B. Donald, John P. Smol and David W. Schindler


Predicted reduction in basal melt rates of an Antarctic ice shelf in a warmer climate p460

K. W. Nicholls


Laboratory simulations of sustained volcanic eruptions p462

H. M. Mader, E. E. Brodsky, D. Howard and B. Sturtevant


The advantage of sex in evolving yeast populations p465

Clifford Zeyl and Graham Bell


The heritability of IQ p468

B. Devlin, Michael Daniels and Kathryn Roeder


Second-order fear conditioning prevented by blocking NMDA receptors in amygdala p471

Jonathan C. Gewirtz and Michael Davis


Transport, docking and exocytosis of single secretory granules in live chromaffin cells p474

J. A. Steyer, H. Horstmann and W. Almers


Optical detection of a quantal presynaptic membrane turnover p478

Timothy A. Ryan, Harald Reuter and Stephen J Smith


Cloning and characterization of a mammalian proton-coupled metal-ion transporter p482

Hiromi Gunshin, Bryan Mackenzie, Urs V. Berger, Yoshimi Gunshin, Michael F. Romero, Walter F. Boron, Stephan Nussberger, John L. Gollan and Matthias A. Hediger


Cell-free V(D)J recombination p488

Dale A. Ramsden, Tanya T. Paull and Martin Gellert


Activity of DNA ligase IV stimulated by complex formation with XRCC4 protein in mammalian cells p492

Ulf Grawunder, Matthias Wilm, Xiantuo Wu, Peter Kulesza, Thomas E. Wilson, Matthias Mann and Michael R. Lieber


Yeast DNA ligase IV mediates non-homologous DNA end joining p495

Thomas E. Wilson, Ulf Grawunder and Michael R. Lieber


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New on the Market

Light fare p499

This serving of laser equipment will have to sustain readers until next year, offering a variety of lasers, software for laser measurement, a compact optical isolator for diode lasers, as well as mirror, filter and optics accessories.

compiled by Brendan Horton from information provided by the manufacturers.


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