Table of contents


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Opinion

Games people play with authors' names p831

Authorship of a scientific paper is a privilege that is all too easily abused. Attempts to solve the problem with general rules encounter insurmountable obstacles, but individual accountability is unavoidable.


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News

Congress and Varmus in clash over 'illegal' embryo research p833

Meredith Wadman


US attacks EU gene-food labelling move p833


NIH may drop special funds for 'new investigators' p834

Meredith Wadman


Accord could lift block on European biotech patents p835

Alison Abbott


Leicester centre is set for take-off p835


Japan reaches a compromise on organ transplants p835

David Swinbanks


Rio follow-up faces frustrated ambitions p836

Colin Macilwain


India may set up genetics advisory panel p836

K. S. Jayaraman


Geologist set to challenge 'creationism' verdict p837

Peter Pockley


South African museums' status 'at risk' p837

Michael Cherry


Competition is the spur for German research centres p837

Quirin Schiermeir


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News Analysis

Nuclear love affair loses its charm p838

The strong showing of environmentalists in last month's elections in France has marked a turning point in the history of its nuclear power programme, and raised doubts over the future of French reprocessing.

Declan Butler


Japan set to face a lonely future in fast-breeder research p838

David Swinbanks and Declan Butler


Cogema's 'arrogance' adds to La Hague's problems p839

Declan Butler


News in Brief p840


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Correspondence

Serious flaws in UK funding system p841

Linda M. Castell and Hillary Rose


Cannibalism and kuru p841

June Goodfield


Tories out on cue p842

J. Richard Gott, III


Stranglehold on science p842

Peter Cohen


You read it here first p843

Robert W. Levis and Steven Henikoff


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Commentary

Europe ambivalent on biotechnology p845

Biotechnology and the European Public Concerted Action This article has been written by an international team of researchers working as part of a Concerted Action of the European Commissions (B104-CT95-0043) administered on behalf of Directorate General XII by Andreas Klepsch. For details see box overleaf. Address for correspondence: G. Gaskell, Department of Social Psychology, London School of Economics, Houghton Street, London WC2A 2AE, UK (e-mail: Email: gaskell@se.ac.uk). Throughout Europe, there is widespread lack of trust in the ability of governments and other public authorities to deal effectively with people's concern about biotechnology applications.


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News and Views

Symmetry as destiny — taking a balanced view of IQ p849

Steve Blinkhorn


Galaxy evolution:  The end of the beginnings p850

Roberto Abraham


Potassium channels:  Dendritic shock absorbers p851

Rafael Yuste


Nonlinear optics:  Solitons light the way p854

Allan Boardman


Palaeoclimatology p854

Philip Newton


Theoretical biology:  A robust view of biochemical
pathways
p855

Leland Hartwell


Biological oceanography:  Sulphur, climate and the microbial maze p857

Gillian Malin


Cell biology:  Explorers deliver tea to the pole p858

Alison Mitchell


Gamma-ray astronomy:  Bursting out all over p859

Joshua S. Bloom and Malvin Ruderman


100 and 50 years ago p859


Daedalus:  A level viewing field p860

David Jones


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Scientific Correspondence

A peptide antibiotic from human skin p861

J. Harder, J. Bartels, E Christophers and J.-M. Schröder


The zebrafish organizer requires chordino p862

Stefan Schulte-Merker, Kevin J. Lee, Andrew P. McMahon and Matthias Hammerschmidt


Have quantum scars been observed? p863

T. S. Monteiro, D. Delande and J.-P. Connerade


Reply:  Have quantum scars been observed? p864

T. M. Fromhold, F. W. Sheard, L. Eaves and P. B. Wilkinson


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Book Reviews

A richly varied life in physics p865

H. B. G. Casimir reviews A Tale of Two Continents: A Physicist's Life in a Turbulent World by Abraham Pais


Our flexible friends p866

J. M. W. Slack reviews Cells, Embryos and Evolution: Towards a Cellular and Developmental Understanding of Phenotypic Variation and Evolutionary Adaptability by JohnGerhart and MarcKirschner


Bear essentials p866


New in paperback p867


Earthquakes and elephants p867

Keith Cox reviews Fieldwork: A Geologist's Memoir of the KalaharibyChristopher Scholz


Fringe maths p868

Keith Devlin


Money in the equation p868


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Article

K+ channel regulation of signal propagation in dendrites of hippocampal pyramidal neurons p869

Dax A. Hoffman, Jeffrey C. Magee, Costa M. Colbert and Daniel Johnston


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Letters to Nature

The optical counterpart to the bold gamma-ray burst GRB970508 p876

S. G. Djorgovski, M. R. Metzger, S. R. Kulkarni, S. C. Odewahn, R. R. Gal, M. A. Pahre, D. A. Frail, M. Feroci, E. Costa and E. Palazzi


Spectral constraints on the redshift of the optical counterpart to the bold gamma-ray burst of 8 May 1997 p878

M. R. Metzger, S. G. Djorgovski, S. R. Kulkarni, C. C. Steidel, K. L. Adelberger, D. A. Frail, E. Costa and F. Frontera


Self-trapping of incoherent white light p880

Matthew Mitchell and Mordechai Segev


Crystallization of hard-sphere colloids in microgravity p883

Jixiang Zhu, Min Li, R. Rogers, W. Meyer, R. H. Ottewill, STS-73 Space Shuttle Crew, W. B. Russel and P. M. Chaikin


Dissolved metals in surface sediment and a microbial mat at 100-mum resolution p885

W. Davison, G. R. Fones and G. W. Grime


Measuring the pulse of a plume with the sedimentary record p888

Nicky White and Bryan Lovell


A new route for synthesis of dimethylsulphoniopropionate in marine algae p891

Douglas A. Gage, David Rhodes, Kurt D. Nolte, Wayne A. Hicks, Thomas Leustek, Arthur J. L. Cooper and Andrew D. Hanson


Grazing-activated chemical defence in a unicellular marine alga p894

Gordon V. Wolfe, Michael Steinke and Gunter O. Kirst


Effects of sea-ice extent and krill or salp dominance on the Antarctic food web p897

V. Loeb, V. Siegel, O. Holm-Hansen, R. Hewitt, W. Fraser, W. Trivelpiece and S. Trivelpiece


Corticofugal modulation of frequency processing in bat auditory system p900

Yunfeng Zhang, Nobuo Suga and Jun Yan


Congenital leptin deficiency is associated with severe early-onset obesity in humans p903

Carl T. Montague, I. Sadaf Farooqi, Jonathan P. Whitehead, Maria A. Soos, Harald Rau, Nicholas J. Wareham, Ciaran P. Sewter, Janet E. Digby, Shehla N. Mohammed, Jane A. Hurst, Christopher H. Cheetham#, Alison R. Earley#, Anthony H. Barnett, Johannes B. Prins and Stephen O'Rahilly


Fringe modulates Notch–ligand interactions p908

Vladislav M. Panin, Venizelos Papayannopoulos, Richa Wilson and Kenneth D. Irvine


Robustness in simple biochemical networks p913

N. Barkai and S. Leibler


A family of cytokine-inducible inhibitors of signalling p917

Robyn Starr, Tracy A. Willson, Elizabeth M. Viney, Leecia J. L. Murray, John R. Rayner, Brendan J. Jenkins, Thomas J. Gonda, Warren S. Alexander, Donald Metcalf, Nicos A. Nicola and Douglas J. Hilton


A new protein containing an SH2 domain that inhibits JAK kinases p921

Takaho A. Endo, Masaaki Masuhara, Masahiro Yokouchi, Ritsu Suzuki, Hiroshi Sakamoto, Kaoru Mitsui, Akira Matsumoto, Shyu Tanimura, Motoaki Ohtsubo, Hiroyuki Misawa, Tadaaki Miyazaki, Nogueira Leonor, Tadatsugu Taniguchi, Takashi Fujita, Yuzuru Kanakura, Seturo Komiya and Akihiko Yoshimura


Structure and function of a new STAT-induced STAT inhibitor p924

Tetsuji Naka, Masashi Narazaki, Moritoshi Hirata, Tomoshige Matsumoto, Seijiro Minamoto, Atsufumi Aono, Norihiro Nishimoto, Tadahiro Kajita, Tetsuya Taga, Kazuyuki Yoshizaki, Shizuo Akira and Tadamitsu Kishimoto


Repair of DNA loops involves DNA-mismatch and nucleotide-excision repair proteins p929

David T. Kirkpatrick and Thomas D. Petes


erratum:  Myc and Ras collaborate in inducing accumulation of active cyclin E/Cdk2 and E2F p932

Gustavo Leone, James DeGregori, Rosalie Sears, Laszlo Jakoi and Joseph R. Nevins


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New on the Market

Finding the meaning in genes p933

Ways of deciphering and analysing genetic code are the focus in this issue — including clone-design software, a personal server for database searching, a system for site-directed mutagenesis and microsatellite analysis gels.

compiled by Brendan Horton from information provided by the manufacturers.


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