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Abnormal processing of visual motion in dyslexia revealed by functional brain imaging

Nature volume 382, pages 66–69 (1996)Cite this article

Abstract

IT is widely accepted that dyslexics have deficits in reading and phonological awareness1,2, but there is increasing evidence that they also exhibit visual processing abnormalities that may be confined to particular portions of the visual system3,4. In primate visual pathways, inputs from parvocellular or magnocellular layers of the lateral geniculate nucleus remain partly segregated in projections to extrastriate cortical areas specialized for processing colour and form versus motion5–10. In studies of dyslexia, psychophysical3 and anatomical4 evidence indicate an anomaly in the magnocellular visual subsystem. To investigate the patho-physiology of dyslexia, we used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to study visual motion processing in normal and dyslexic men. In all dyslexics, presentation of moving stimuli failed to produce the same task-related functional activation in area V5/MT (part of the magnocellular visual subsystem) observed in controls. In contrast, presentation of stationary patterns resulted in equivalent activations in V1/V2 and extrastriate cortex in both groups. Although previous studies have emphasized language deficits, our data reveal differences in the regional functional organization of the cortical visual system in dyslexia.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Section on Functional Brain Imaging, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA

    Guinevere F. Eden & José Ma. Maisog

  2. Child Psychiatry Branch, NIMH, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA

    Judith M. Rumsey

  3. Laboratory of Diàgnostic Radiology Research, OD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland, 20892, USA

    Thomas A. Zeffiro

  4. Sensor Systems Inc., 103A Carpenter Drive, Sterling, Virginia, 20164, USA

    John W. VanMeter & Thomas A. Zeffiro

  5. Department of Neurology, University of California at Los Angeles School of Medicine, Los Angeles, California, 90098, USA

    Roger P. Woods

Authors
  1. Guinevere F. Eden
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  2. John W. VanMeter
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  3. Judith M. Rumsey
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  4. José Ma. Maisog
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  5. Roger P. Woods
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  6. Thomas A. Zeffiro
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Eden, G., VanMeter, J., Rumsey, J. et al. Abnormal processing of visual motion in dyslexia revealed by functional brain imaging. Nature 382, 66–69 (1996). https://doi.org/10.1038/382066a0

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