Nature 224, 431 - 434 (01 November 1969); doi:10.1038/224431a0

Seeds of Competition

The failure of the Reader in 1867 after a lifetime of four years nevertheless taught a number of important lessons.

References

1.	Ludlow Papers, Macmillan to Ludlow, November 7, 1859 (Cambridge University).
2.	Advertisement, The Reader: A Review of Literature, Science and Art, Saturday, January 3, 1863.
3.	Hansen, Roll, D., The Academy, 1869–1879, Anglistica, VIII, 30 (Copenhagen, 1957).
4.	Annual Register for 1863, p. 359.
5.	Graham, W., op. cit., p. 331.
6.	Huxley, Leonard, Life and Letters of Sir Joseph Dalton Hooker, 1, 541 (London, 1918).
7.	Macmillan, George, A., Letters of Alexander Macmillan, 156, to Rev. F. J. A. Hart, October 23, 1863 (privately printed, 1908).
8.	Masterman, N. C., John Malcolm Ludlow: The Builder of Christian Socialism, 159 (Cambridge, 1963).
9.	Ludlow, J. M., Biographical Notes to My Life, 23.
10.	Masson Papers (Edinburgh University), DC.3.99 (14). Masson to Sharpey, March 11, 1868.
11.	Scientific Record, 14 (April 9, 1864).
12.	Galton, Francis, Memories of My Life, 167 (London, 1908).
13.	Tyndall Papers, to Bence Jones, November 18, 1864.
14.	Tyndall Papers, II, 534, Tyndall to Herschel, November 21, 1864.
15.	Tyndall Papers, II, 535, Herschel to Tyndall, November 21, 1864.
16.	Add. Mss., 49,639, f. 40, Spencer to Lubbock, November 12, 1864.
17.	Mack, E. C., and Armytage, T. H., Thomas Hughes, 125 (London, 1952).
18.	Reader, V, 152 (February 4, 1865).
19.	Add. Mss., II, p. 119, to Mill.
20.	Lockyer Papers, Penrose to Lockyer, November 23, 1864.
21.	Lockyer Papers, Croll to Lockyer, January 14, 1865.
22.	Duncan, David, (edit. by), Life and Letters of Herbert Spencer, I, 153–154.
23.	Galton, Francis, Memories of My Life, 168 (London, 1908).
24.	Pearson, Karl, Life of Sir Francis Galton, II.