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  • Article |

    • David E. Gordon
    • , Gwendolyn M. Jang
    • , Mehdi Bouhaddou
    • , Jiewei Xu
    • , Kirsten Obernier
    • , Kris M. White
    • , Matthew J. O’Meara
    • , Veronica V. Rezelj
    • , Jeffrey Z. Guo
    • , Danielle L. Swaney
    • , Tia A. Tummino
    • , Ruth Huettenhain
    • , Robyn M. Kaake
    • , Alicia L. Richards
    • , Beril Tutuncuoglu
    • , Helene Foussard
    • , Jyoti Batra
    • , Kelsey Haas
    • , Maya Modak
    • , Minkyu Kim
    • , Paige Haas
    • , Benjamin J. Polacco
    • , Hannes Braberg
    • , Jacqueline M. Fabius
    • , Manon Eckhardt
    • , Margaret Soucheray
    • , Melanie J. Bennett
    • , Merve Cakir
    • , Michael J. McGregor
    • , Qiongyu Li
    • , Bjoern Meyer
    • , Ferdinand Roesch
    • , Thomas Vallet
    • , Alice Mac Kain
    • , Lisa Miorin
    • , Elena Moreno
    • , Zun Zar Chi Naing
    • , Yuan Zhou
    • , Shiming Peng
    • , Ying Shi
    • , Ziyang Zhang
    • , Wenqi Shen
    • , Ilsa T. Kirby
    • , James E. Melnyk
    • , John S. Chorba
    • , Kevin Lou
    • , Shizhong A. Dai
    • , Inigo Barrio-Hernandez
    • , Danish Memon
    • , Claudia Hernandez-Armenta
    • , Jiankun Lyu
    • , Christopher J. P. Mathy
    • , Tina Perica
    • , Kala B. Pilla
    • , Sai J. Ganesan
    • , Daniel J. Saltzberg
    • , Ramachandran Rakesh
    • , Xi Liu
    • , Sara B. Rosenthal
    • , Lorenzo Calviello
    • , Srivats Venkataramanan
    • , Jose Liboy-Lugo
    • , Yizhu Lin
    • , Xi-Ping Huang
    • , YongFeng Liu
    • , Stephanie A. Wankowicz
    • , Markus Bohn
    • , Maliheh Safari
    • , Fatima S. Ugur
    • , Cassandra Koh
    • , Nastaran Sadat Savar
    • , Quang Dinh Tran
    • , Djoshkun Shengjuler
    • , Sabrina J Fletcher
    • , Michael C. O’Neal
    • , Yiming Cai
    • , Jason C. J. Chang
    • , David J. Broadhurst
    • , Saker Klippsten
    • , Phillip P. Sharp
    • , Nicole A. Wenzell
    • , Duygu Kuzuoglu
    • , Hao-Yuan Wang
    • , Raphael Trenker
    • , Janet M. Young
    • , Devin A. Cavero
    • , Joseph Hiatt
    • , Theodore L. Roth
    • , Ujjwal Rathore
    • , Advait Subramanian
    • , Julia Noack
    • , Mathieu Hubert
    • , Robert M. Stroud
    • , Alan D. Frankel
    • , Oren S. Rosenberg
    • , Kliment A Verba
    • , David A. Agard
    • , Melanie Ott
    • , Michael Emerman
    • , Natalia Jura
    • , Mark von Zastrow
    • , Eric Verdin
    • , Alan Ashworth
    • , Olivier Schwartz
    • , Christophe d’Enfert
    • , Shaeri Mukherjee
    • , Matt Jacobson
    • , Harmit S. Malik
    • , Danica G. Fujimori
    • , Trey Ideker
    • , Charles S. Craik
    • , Stephen N. Floor
    • , James S. Fraser
    • , John D. Gross
    • , Andrej Sali
    • , Bryan L. Roth
    • , Davide Ruggero
    • , Jack Taunton
    • , Tanja Kortemme
    • , Pedro Beltrao
    • , Marco Vignuzzi
    • , Adolfo García-Sastre
    • , Kevan M. Shokat
    • , Brian K. Shoichet
    •  & Nevan J. Krogan

  • Article |

    Interactions between light and an ensemble of strontium atoms in an optical cavity can serve as a testbed for studying dynamical phase transitions, which are currently not well understood.

    • Juan A. Muniz
    • , Diego Barberena
    • , Robert J. Lewis-Swan
    • , Dylan J. Young
    • , Julia R. K. Cline
    • , Ana Maria Rey
    •  & James K. Thompson

  • Article |

    The three-dimensional structure of pericentromeres in budding yeast is defined by convergent genes, which mark pericentromere borders and trap cohesin complexes loaded at centromeres, generating an architecture that allows correct chromosome segregation.

    • Flora Paldi
    • , Bonnie Alver
    • , Daniel Robertson
    • , Stephanie A. Schalbetter
    • , Alastair Kerr
    • , David A. Kelly
    • , Jonathan Baxter
    • , Matthew J. Neale
    •  & Adele L. Marston

  • News |

    Despite conflicting studies, results from largest trial yet show the antiviral speeds up recovery, putting it on track to become a standard of care in the United States.

    • Heidi Ledford

  • Article |

    Characterization of 22-nucleotide short interfering RNAs in plants finds that they accumulate in response to environmental stress, causing translational repression, inhibition of plant growth and enhanced stress responses.

    • Huihui Wu
    • , Bosheng Li
    • , Hiro-oki Iwakawa
    • , Yajie Pan
    • , Xianli Tang
    • , Qianyan Ling-hu
    • , Yuelin Liu
    • , Shixin Sheng
    • , Li Feng
    • , Hong Zhang
    • , Xinyan Zhang
    • , Zhonghua Tang
    • , Xinli Xia
    • , Jixian Zhai
    •  & Hongwei Guo

  • Nature Index |

    These institutions lead in natural-sciences research in journals tracked by the Index.

  • Article |

    Discovery that the giant theropod dinosaur Spinosaurus has a large flexible tail indicates that it was primarily aquatic and swam in a similar manner to extant tail-propelled aquatic vertebrates.

    • Nizar Ibrahim
    • , Simone Maganuco
    • , Cristiano Dal Sasso
    • , Matteo Fabbri
    • , Marco Auditore
    • , Gabriele Bindellini
    • , David M. Martill
    • , Samir Zouhri
    • , Diego A. Mattarelli
    • , David M. Unwin
    • , Jasmina Wiemann
    • , Davide Bonadonna
    • , Ayoub Amane
    • , Juliana Jakubczak
    • , Ulrich Joger
    • , George V. Lauder
    •  & Stephanie E. Pierce

  • Article |

    Breakdown of the blood–brain barrier in individuals carrying the ε4 allele of the APOE gene, but not the ε3 allele, increases with and predicts cognitive impairment and is independent of amyloid β or tau pathology.

    • Axel Montagne
    • , Daniel A. Nation
    • , Abhay P. Sagare
    • , Giuseppe Barisano
    • , Melanie D. Sweeney
    • , Ararat Chakhoyan
    • , Maricarmen Pachicano
    • , Elizabeth Joe
    • , Amy R. Nelson
    • , Lina M. D’Orazio
    • , David P. Buennagel
    • , Michael G. Harrington
    • , Tammie L. S. Benzinger
    • , Anne M. Fagan
    • , John M. Ringman
    • , Lon S. Schneider
    • , John C. Morris
    • , Eric M. Reiman
    • , Richard J. Caselli
    • , Helena C. Chui
    • , Julia TCW
    • , Yining Chen
    • , Judy Pa
    • , Peter S. Conti
    • , Meng Law
    • , Arthur W. Toga
    •  & Berislav V. Zlokovic

  • Nature Index |

    These institutions have achieved a high increase in research output in the Nature Index since 2015.

    • Bec Crew
    • , Hepeng Jia
    •  & Mark Zastrow

  • Article |

    Neuronal activities in the central amygdala and paraventricular nucleus are transmitted via the splenic nerve to increase plasma cell formation after immunization, and this process can be behaviourally enhanced in mice.

    • Xu Zhang
    • , Bo Lei
    • , Yuan Yuan
    • , Li Zhang
    • , Lu Hu
    • , Sen Jin
    • , Bilin Kang
    • , Xuebin Liao
    • , Wenzhi Sun
    • , Fuqiang Xu
    • , Yi Zhong
    • , Ji Hu
    •  & Hai Qi

  • Article
    | Open Access

    • Cheri M. Ackerman
    • , Cameron Myhrvold
    • , Sri Gowtham Thakku
    • , Catherine A. Freije
    • , Hayden C. Metsky
    • , David K. Yang
    • , Simon H. Ye
    • , Chloe K. Boehm
    • , Tinna-Sólveig F. Kosoko-Thoroddsen
    • , Jared Kehe
    • , Tien G. Nguyen
    • , Amber Carter
    • , Anthony Kulesa
    • , John R. Barnes
    • , Vivien G. Dugan
    • , Deborah T. Hung
    • , Paul C. Blainey
    •  & Pardis C. Sabeti

  • Article |

    An epitaxial growth strategy that improves the stability of two-dimensional halide perovskites by inhibiting ion diffusion in their heterostructures using rigid π-conjugated ligands is demonstrated, and shows near-atomically sharp interfaces.

    • Enzheng Shi
    • , Biao Yuan
    • , Stephen B. Shiring
    • , Yao Gao
    • , Akriti
    • , Yunfan Guo
    • , Cong Su
    • , Minliang Lai
    • , Peidong Yang
    • , Jing Kong
    • , Brett M. Savoie
    • , Yi Yu
    •  & Letian Dou

  • Article
    | Open Access

    Pneumococcal and rotavirus vaccines have reduced antibiotic consumption substantially among children under five years old in low- and middle-income countries; however, this effect could be doubled if all countries were to implement vaccination programmes and meet universal vaccine coverage targets.

    • Joseph A. Lewnard
    • , Nathan C. Lo
    • , Nimalan Arinaminpathy
    • , Isabel Frost
    •  & Ramanan Laxminarayan

  • Article |

    Odorant-dependent sniff responses predicted the long-term survival rates of patients with severe brain injury, and discriminated between individuals who were unresponsive and in minimally conscious states.

    • Anat Arzi
    • , Liron Rozenkrantz
    • , Lior Gorodisky
    • , Danit Rozenkrantz
    • , Yael Holtzman
    • , Aharon Ravia
    • , Tristan A. Bekinschtein
    • , Tatyana Galperin
    • , Ben-Zion Krimchansky
    • , Gal Cohen
    • , Anna Oksamitni
    • , Elena Aidinoff
    • , Yaron Sacher
    •  & Noam Sobel

  • News & Views |

    People who carry the gene variant APOE4 are at higher-than-average risk of developing Alzheimer’s disease. It emerges that this variant is linked to defects in the blood–brain barrier and subsequent cognitive decline.

    • Makoto Ishii
    •  & Costantino Iadecola

  • Article |

    Following cell division, phase separation of the transmembrane adaptor LEM2 ensures that the ESCRT machinery remodels microtubules and seals the nuclear envelope.

    • Alexander von Appen
    • , Dollie LaJoie
    • , Isabel E. Johnson
    • , Michael J. Trnka
    • , Sarah M. Pick
    • , Alma L. Burlingame
    • , Katharine S. Ullman
    •  & Adam Frost

  • Addendum |

    • Hao Zhang
    • , Chun-Xiao Liu
    • , Sasa Gazibegovic
    • , Di Xu
    • , John A. Logan
    • , Guanzhong Wang
    • , Nick van Loo
    • , Jouri D. S. Bommer
    • , Michiel W. A. de Moor
    • , Diana Car
    • , Roy L. M. Op het Veld
    • , Petrus J. van Veldhoven
    • , Sebastian Koelling
    • , Marcel A. Verheijen
    • , Mihir Pendharkar
    • , Daniel J. Pennachio
    • , Borzoyeh Shojaei
    • , Joon Sue Lee
    • , Chris J. Palmstrøm
    • , Erik P. A. M. Bakkers
    • , S. Das Sarma
    •  & Leo P. Kouwenhoven

  • Nature Index |

    Chinese institutions dominate the rising stars ranks, as heavily funded initiatives to create world-class universities pay off.

  • News & Views |

    The addition of a methyl group to a drug molecule can greatly alter the drug’s pharmacological properties. A catalyst has been developed that enables this ‘magic methyl effect’ to be rapidly explored for drug discovery.

    • Emily B. Corcoran
    •  & Danielle M. Schultz

  • Nature Index |

    These institutions have achieved high increases in research output in the Nature Index since 2015.

    • Hepeng Jia

  • Matters Arising |

    • Michael Abdul-Masih
    • , Gareth Banyard
    • , Julia Bodensteiner
    • , Emma Bordier
    • , Dominic M. Bowman
    • , Karan Dsilva
    • , Matthias Fabry
    • , Calum Hawcroft
    • , Laurent Mahy
    • , Pablo Marchant
    • , Gert Raskin
    • , Maddalena Reggiani
    • , Tomer Shenar
    • , Andrew Tkachenko
    • , Hans Van Winckel
    • , Lore Vermeylen
    •  & Hugues Sana

  • Article |

    Using high-resolution atomic force microscopy of live cells, the authors present an updated view of the cell walls of both Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis.

    • L. Pasquina-Lemonche
    • , J. Burns
    • , R. D. Turner
    • , S. Kumar
    • , R. Tank
    • , N. Mullin
    • , J. S. Wilson
    • , B. Chakrabarti
    • , P. A. Bullough
    • , S. J. Foster
    •  & J. K. Hobbs

  • Nature Index |

    A description of the terminology and methodology used in this supplement, and a guide to the functionality available free online at natureindex.com.

  • Nature Briefing |

    New fossil suggests Spinosaurus was a ‘river monster’ powered by a fin-like tail. Plus: hopeful signs from the largest and most rigorous remdesivir trial yet and trace the spread of the SARS-CoV-2 virus through its mutations.

    • Flora Graham

  • Article |

    The X-ray crystal structure of the potassium channel TASK-1 reveals the presence of an X-gate, which traps small-molecule inhibitors in the intramembrane vestibule and explains their low washout rates from the channel.

    • Karin E. J. Rödström
    • , Aytuğ K. Kiper
    • , Wei Zhang
    • , Susanne Rinné
    • , Ashley C. W. Pike
    • , Matthias Goldstein
    • , Linus J. Conrad
    • , Martina Delbeck
    • , Michael G. Hahn
    • , Heinrich Meier
    • , Magdalena Platzk
    • , Andrew Quigley
    • , David Speedman
    • , Leela Shrestha
    • , Shubhashish M. M. Mukhopadhyay
    • , Nicola A. Burgess-Brown
    • , Stephen J. Tucker
    • , Thomas Müller
    • , Niels Decher
    •  & Elisabeth P. Carpenter

  • Nature Index |

    With the release of the Nature Index 2020 Annual Tables, we celebrate the institutions and countries producing high-quality research in the natural sciences.

    • Bec Crew

  • Article |

    A CRISPR-based screening platform was used to identify previously uncharacterized genes that regulate the regulatory T cell-specific master transcription factor Foxp3, indicating that this screening method may be broadly applicable for the discovery of other genes involved in autoimmunity and immune responses to cancer.

    • Jessica T. Cortez
    • , Elena Montauti
    • , Eric Shifrut
    • , Jovylyn Gatchalian
    • , Yusi Zhang
    • , Oren Shaked
    • , Yuanming Xu
    • , Theodore L. Roth
    • , Dimitre R. Simeonov
    • , Yana Zhang
    • , Siqi Chen
    • , Zhongmei Li
    • , Jonathan M. Woo
    • , Josephine Ho
    • , Ian A. Vogel
    • , Grace Y. Prator
    • , Bin Zhang
    • , Youjin Lee
    • , Zhaolin Sun
    • , Igal Ifergan
    • , Frédéric Van Gool
    • , Diana C. Hargreaves
    • , Jeffrey A. Bluestone
    • , Alexander Marson
    •  & Deyu Fang

  • Nature Index |

    These institutions have achieved significant increases in overall research output in the Nature Index since 2015.

    • Hepeng Jia
    •  & Mark Zastrow

  • Article |

    Adalatherium hui, a newly discovered gondwanatherian mammal from Madagascar dated to near the end of the Cretaceous period, shows features consistent with a long evolutionary trajectory of isolation in an insular environment.

    • David W. Krause
    • , Simone Hoffmann
    • , Yaoming Hu
    • , John R. Wible
    • , Guillermo W. Rougier
    • , E. Christopher Kirk
    • , Joseph R. Groenke
    • , Raymond R. Rogers
    • , James B. Rossie
    • , Julia A. Schultz
    • , Alistair R. Evans
    • , Wighart von Koenigswald
    •  & Lydia J. Rahantarisoa

  • News & Views |

    Elucidating how the brain controls peripheral organs in the fight against infection is crucial for our understanding of brain–body interactions. A study in mice reveals one such pathway worthy of further investigation.

    • Flurin Cathomas
    •  & Scott J. Russo

  • Article |

    Observed reversals in GNSS surface motions suggests greatly enhanced slab pull in the months preceding the great subduction earthquakes in Maule (Chile, 2010) and Tohoku-oki (Japan, 2011) of moment magnitudes 8.8 and 9.0.

    • Jonathan R. Bedford
    • , Marcos Moreno
    • , Zhiguo Deng
    • , Onno Oncken
    • , Bernd Schurr
    • , Timm John
    • , Juan Carlos Báez
    •  & Michael Bevis

  • Nature Index |

    These institutions have achieved high increases in research output in the Nature Index since 2015.

    • Gemma Conroy
    • , Hepeng Jia
    •  & Mark Zastrow