2016 tables: Institutions - government

The 2016 tables are based on Nature Index data from 1 January 2015 to 31 December 2015.

Table criteria

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# Institution Share 2015 Count 2015
1 Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China 1616.91 3630
2 French National Centre for Scientific Research (CNRS), France 792.56 4301
3 National Institutes of Health (NIH), United States of America (USA) 391.01 942
4 Spanish National Research Council (CSIC), Spain 237.06 1140
5 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (LBNL), United States of America (USA) 187.08 856
6 RIKEN, Japan 151.81 562
7 National Research Council (CNR), Italy 138.41 578
8 Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL), United States of America (USA) 127.47 361
9 National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA), United States of America (USA) 125.69 576
10 National Institute for Nuclear Physics (INFN), Italy 124.74 607
11 Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), India 116.95 186
12 The French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA), France 114.92 902
13 Argonne National Laboratory (ANL), United States of America (USA) 106.87 552
14 Los Alamos National Laboratory (LANL), United States of America (USA) 103.16 412
15 U.S. Department of Defense (DoD), United States of America (USA) 100.81 331
16 National Institute for Health and Medical Research (INSERM), France 99.95 919
17 National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Japan 95.76 262
18 National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), United States of America (USA) 93.07 315
19 UK Research and Innovation (UKRI), United Kingdom (UK) 92.52 591
20 Pacific Northwest National Laboratory (PNNL), United States of America (USA) 88.59 220
21 Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), Singapore 88.47 299
22 National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Japan 82.95 223
23 U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), United States of America (USA) 80.26 207
24 Brookhaven National Laboratory (BNL), United States of America (USA) 79.41 346
25 Academia Sinica, Taiwan 77.49 361
26 Czech Academy of Sciences (CAS), Czech Republic 70.46 357
27 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), United States of America (USA) 69.39 262
28 European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Switzerland 63.25 378
29 Institute for Basic Science (IBS), South Korea 61.95 230
30 The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), Australia 59.58 210
31 Polish Academy of Sciences (PAS), Poland 58.40 327
32 Sandia National Laboratories, United States of America (USA) 55.25 170
33 Tata Institute of Fundamental Research (TIFR), India 48.02 157
34 Italian Institute of Technology (IIT), Italy 48.01 155
35 European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Germany 47.65 217
36 Paul Scherrer Institute (PSI), Switzerland 45.23 217
37 National Institutes of Natural Sciences (NINS), Japan 44.32 162
38 People's Liberation Army (PLA), China 44.17 198
39 Hungarian Academy of Sciences (HAS), Hungary 42.14 252
40 Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (LLNL), United States of America (USA) 41.86 200
41 Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), South Korea 41.51 147
42 Smithsonian Institution, United States of America (USA) 40.82 245
43 National Institute for Astrophysics (INAF), Italy 39.77 167
44 National Research Institute for Agriculture, Food and Environment (INRAE), France 39.33 360
45 NWO-I, the Institutes Organisation of NWO, Netherlands 39.31 319
46 National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL), United States of America (USA) 39.19 84
47 National Scientific and Technical Research Council (CONICET), Argentina 39.06 262
48 U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs, United States of America (USA) 34.30 357
49 National Institute of Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), Italy 33.36 72
50 Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Switzerland 31.98 92
51 Environment and Climate Change Canada (ECCC), Canada 30.67 83
52 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), United States of America (USA) 29.51 65
53 Institute of Research for Development (IRD), France 29.37 425
54 Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (EMPA), Switzerland 28.66 78
55 Austrian Academy of Sciences (ÖAW), Austria 26.95 176
56 Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), India 24.49 77
57 Institute of Health Carlos III (ISCIII), Spain 23.46 173
58 High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK), Japan 23.14 176
59 National Research Center Kurchatov Institute (NRCKI), Russia 21.97 297
60 Japan Agency for Marine-Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC), Japan 21.56 81
61 Jozef Stefan Institute (IJS), Slovenia 21.27 151
62 European Synchrotron Radiation Facility (ESRF), France 21.24 124
63 National Research Council (NRC), Canada 21.20 102
64 U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA), United States of America (USA) 19.58 118
65 Abdus Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Italy 18.68 146
66 Japan Atomic Energy Agency (JAEA), Japan 18.46 61
67 India Department of Space (DOS), India 17.82 34
68 Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory (Fermilab), United States of America (USA) 17.48 101
69 China Meteorological Administration (CMA), China 17.30 55
70 The National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (NASU), Ukraine 17.01 123
71 Korea Institute for Advanced Study (KIAS), South Korea 16.40 59
72 Met Office, United Kingdom (UK) 15.79 46
73 China Academy of Engineering Physics (CAEP), China 15.73 68
74 Harish-Chandra Research Institute (HRI), India 15.31 28
75 NERC National Oceanography Centre (NOC), United Kingdom (UK) 15.04 69
76 China Earthquake Administration (CEA), China 14.91 50
77 Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics (SINP), India 14.74 80
78 Ministry of Natural Resources (MNR), China 14.66 57
79 Japan Synchrotron Radiation Research Institute (JASRI), Japan 14.48 111
80 National Institute of Biological Sciences, Beijing (NIBS), China 13.56 33
81 European Southern Observatory (ESO), Germany 13.38 90
82 IMDEA Institutes, Spain 13.05 58
83 Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS), China 12.96 62
84 Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Germany 12.77 29
85 Brazil Ministry of Science, Technology, Innovation and Communication (MCTIC), Brazil 12.72 146
86 Federal Institute for Materials Research and Testing (BAM), Germany 12.53 30
87 Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organisation (ANSTO), Australia 12.13 73
88 Foundation for Research and Technology - Hellas (FORTH), Greece 12.13 52
89 Joint Institute for Nuclear Research (JINR), Russia 11.95 197
90 Research Organization of Information and Systems (ROIS), Japan 11.80 62
91 U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS), United States of America (USA) 11.29 36
92 Korea Research Institute of Chemical Technology (KRICT), South Korea 11.20 33
93 U.S. Food and Drug Administration (USFDA), United States of America (USA) 10.89 24
94 National Science Foundation (NSF), United States of America (USA) 10.68 90
95 National Centre for Scientific Research 'Demokritos' (NCSR), Greece 10.37 65
96 Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI), South Korea 10.28 49
97 National Institute for Environmental Studies (NIES), Japan 10.28 34
98 National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center (NSRRC), Taiwan 9.89 37
99 Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES), France 9.86 198
100 India Ministry of Science and Technology, India 9.75 25

Footnote

Each year, the Nature Index publishes tables based on counts of high-quality research outputs in the previous calendar year. Users please note:

  1. The data behind the tables are based on a relatively small proportion of total research papers, they cover the natural sciences only and outputs are non-normalized (that is, they don’t reflect the size of the country or institution, or its overall research output).
  2. The Nature Index is one indicator of institutional research performance. The metrics of Count and Share used to order Nature Index listings are based on an institution’s or country’s publication output in 82 natural-science journals through 2022, in 2023 64 health-science journals were added to the Index. The 146 journals in the Nature Index were selected on reputation by an independent panel of leading scientists in their fields.
  3. Nature Index recognizes that many other factors must be taken into account when considering research quality and institutional performance; Nature Index metrics alone should not be used to assess institutions or individuals.
  4. Nature Index data and methods are transparent and available under a creative commons licence at nature.com/nature-index/.
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The Nature Index database undergoes regular updating, corrections, adjustment of institutional hierarchies, and removal of retracted papers and thus the live website can differ from the frozen annual tables.


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