Clinical Investigation

Kidney International (1985) 27, 780–784; doi:10.1038/ki.1985.80

Postbinding defects of insulin action in human adipocytes from uremic patients

Oluf Pedersen, Ole Schmitz, Elisabeth Hjøllund, Bjørn Richelsen and Hans Erik Hansen

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine and Clinical Chemistry, Aarhus Amtssygehus and First University Clinic of Internal Medicine, Kommunehospitalet, Aarhus, Denmark

Correspondence: Dr O Pedersen, Medical Department III, Aarhus Amtssygehus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark

Received 16 July 1984; Revised 21 November 1984.

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Abstract

Postbinding defects of insulin action in human adipocytes from uremic patients. It is now well established that longstanding human uremia is associated with impaired in vivo insulin action on glucose utilization of peripheral target tissues. In an attempt to define the cellular basis of the uremic insulin resistance we studied insulin action in adipocytes from eight patients with undialyzed chronic uremia and from eight matched healthy controls. (125I)-Insulin binding to fat cells from uremic patients was normal. In contrast (14C)-D-glucose transport exhibited decreased sensitivity to insulin. The concentrations of insulin that elicited half-maximal response was 422 - 95 pmoles/liter in uremic patients and 179plusminus 38 pmoles/liter in normal subjects (P < 0.01). The noninsulin- and the maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport of adipocytes from uremic patients was normal. (14C)-D-glucose conversion to total lipids was also measured in these cells in the absence and presence of various insulin concentrations. Similar to the findings in transport studies the lipogenesis of fat cells from uremic patients had depressed sensitivity to insulin (half-maximal stimulation at 38 plusminus 8 pmoles/liter in uremic patients and at 11 plusminus 3 pmoles/liter in normal subjects, P < 0.01) with unchanged noninsulin and maximal insulin-stimulated lipogenesis. Taken together these results suggest that the insulin resistance of adipocytes from patients with chronic uremia may be accounted for primarily by postbinding defects localized to glucose transport and metabolism.

Anomalies de Faction de l'insuline en aval de la liaison dans des adipocytes humains provenant de malades en urémie. Il est maintenant bien établi que l'urémie humaine au long cours s'associe à une altération de l'action in vivo de l'insuline sur l'utilisation du glucose par les tissus cibles périphériques. Dans une tentative de définir la base cellulaire de la résistance urémique à l'insuline, nous avons étudié l'action de l'insuline dans les adipocytes de huit malades en urémie chronique, non dialyses, et de huit contrôles sains appariés. La liaison de l'(125I)-insuline à des adipocytes de malades urémiques était normale. A l'opposé, le transport du (14C)-D-glucose présentait une sensibilité à l'insuline diminuée. Les concentrations d'insuline entrainant la moitié de la réponse maximale étaient de 422 plusminus 95 pmoles/litre chez les malades urémiques, et 179 plusminus 38 pmoles/litre chez les normaux OP < 0,01). Le transport de glucose maximum stimulé par l'insuline ou non stimulé par l'insuline d'apidocytes d'urémiques était normal. La conversion du (14C)-D-glucose en lipides a été aussi mesurée dans ces cellules, en l'absence ou en présence de concentrations variées d'insuline. Comme pour les résultats des études de transport, la lipogenèse des cellules graisseuses des malades urémiques avait une sensibilité diminuée à l'insuline (stimulation demi-maximale pour 38 plusminus 8 pmoles/litre chez les malades urémiques, et pour 11 plusminus 3 pmoles/litre chez les normaux P < 0,01), avec une lipogenèse non insulinique ou stimulée au maximum par l'insuline inchangée. Pris dans leur ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que la résistance à l'insuline d'adipocytes de malades en urémie chronique pourrait être due primitivement à des anomalies en aval de la liaison, au niveau du transport et du métabolisme du glucose.

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