Kidney International (1985) 27, 780–784; doi:10.1038/ki.1985.80
Postbinding defects of insulin action in human adipocytes from uremic patients
Oluf Pedersen, Ole Schmitz, Elisabeth Hjøllund, Bjørn Richelsen and Hans Erik Hansen
Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Departments of Internal Medicine and Clinical Chemistry, Aarhus Amtssygehus and First University Clinic of Internal Medicine, Kommunehospitalet, Aarhus, Denmark
Correspondence: Dr O Pedersen, Medical Department III, Aarhus Amtssygehus, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark
Received 16 July 1984; Revised 21 November 1984.
Top of pageAbstract
Postbinding defects of insulin action in human adipocytes from uremic patients. It is now well established that longstanding human uremia is associated with impaired in vivo insulin action on glucose utilization of peripheral target tissues. In an attempt to define the cellular basis of the uremic insulin resistance we studied insulin action in adipocytes from eight patients with undialyzed chronic uremia and from eight matched healthy controls. (125I)-Insulin binding to fat cells from uremic patients was normal. In contrast (14C)-D-glucose transport exhibited decreased sensitivity to insulin. The concentrations of insulin that elicited half-maximal response was 422 - 95 pmoles/liter in uremic patients and 179
38 pmoles/liter in normal subjects (P < 0.01). The noninsulin- and the maximal insulin-stimulated glucose transport of adipocytes from uremic patients was normal. (14C)-D-glucose conversion to total lipids was also measured in these cells in the absence and presence of various insulin concentrations. Similar to the findings in transport studies the lipogenesis of fat cells from uremic patients had depressed sensitivity to insulin (half-maximal stimulation at 38
8 pmoles/liter in uremic patients and at 11
3 pmoles/liter in normal subjects, P < 0.01) with unchanged noninsulin and maximal insulin-stimulated lipogenesis. Taken together these results suggest that the insulin resistance of adipocytes from patients with chronic uremia may be accounted for primarily by postbinding defects localized to glucose transport and metabolism.
Anomalies de Faction de l'insuline en aval de la liaison dans des adipocytes humains provenant de malades en urémie. Il est maintenant bien établi que l'urémie humaine au long cours s'associe à une altération de l'action in vivo de l'insuline sur l'utilisation du glucose par les tissus cibles périphériques. Dans une tentative de définir la base cellulaire de la résistance urémique à l'insuline, nous avons étudié l'action de l'insuline dans les adipocytes de huit malades en urémie chronique, non dialyses, et de huit contrôles sains appariés. La liaison de l'(125I)-insuline à des adipocytes de malades urémiques était normale. A l'opposé, le transport du (14C)-D-glucose présentait une sensibilité à l'insuline diminuée. Les concentrations d'insuline entrainant la moitié de la réponse maximale étaient de 422
95 pmoles/litre chez les malades urémiques, et 179
38 pmoles/litre chez les normaux OP < 0,01). Le transport de glucose maximum stimulé par l'insuline ou non stimulé par l'insuline d'apidocytes d'urémiques était normal. La conversion du (14C)-D-glucose en lipides a été aussi mesurée dans ces cellules, en l'absence ou en présence de concentrations variées d'insuline. Comme pour les résultats des études de transport, la lipogenèse des cellules graisseuses des malades urémiques avait une sensibilité diminuée à l'insuline (stimulation demi-maximale pour 38
8 pmoles/litre chez les malades urémiques, et pour 11
3 pmoles/litre chez les normaux P < 0,01), avec une lipogenèse non insulinique ou stimulée au maximum par l'insuline inchangée. Pris dans leur ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que la résistance à l'insuline d'adipocytes de malades en urémie chronique pourrait être due primitivement à des anomalies en aval de la liaison, au niveau du transport et du métabolisme du glucose.
Top of pageReferences
- DeFronzo RA, Andres R, Edgar P, Walker WG: Carbohydrate metabolism in uremia: A review. Medicine 52:469–481, 1973 | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
- DeFronzo RA, Tobin JD, Rowe JW, Andres R: Glucose intolerance in uremia. J Clin Invest 62:425–435, 1978 | PubMed | ChemPort |
- Westervelt FB Jr: Abnormal carbohydrate metabolism in uremia. Am J Clin Nutr 21:423–425, 1968
- Westervelt FB Jr, Schreiner GE: The carbonhydrate intolerance of uremic patients. Ann Intern Med 57:266–276, 1962
- Spitz IM, Rubenstein AH, Bersohn I, Abrahams C, Lowry C: Carbohydrate metabolism in renal disease. O J Med 39:201–226, 1970
- DeFronzo RA, Alvestrand A, Smith D, Hendler R: Insulin resistance in uremia. J Clin Invest 67:563–568, 1981 | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
- Smith D, DeFronzo RA: Insulin resistance in uremia mediated by postbinding defects. Kidney Int 22:54–62, 1982 | PubMed |
- Pedersen O, Hjollund E, Beck-Nielsen H, Lindskov HO, Sonne O, Gliemann J: Insulin receptor binding and receptor-mediated insulin degradation in human adipocytes. Diabetologia. 20:636–641, 1981
- Pedersen O, Gliemann J: Hexose transport in human adipocytes: factors influencing the response to insulin and kinetics of methylglucose and glucose transport. Diabetologia 20:630–635, 1981 | PubMed |
- Hjøllund E, Pedersen O: D-glucose transport and metabolism in human adipocytes: Studies of the validity of using the physiological D-glucose as tracer in transport studies. Biochim Biophys Acta, in press
- Pedersen O, Hjollund E, Lindskov HO: Insulin binding and action in fat cells from young healthy females and males. Am J Physiol 243:E158–E167, 1982
- Heding LG: A simplified insulin radioimmunoassay method, in Labeled Proteins in Tracer Studies, edited by Donato L, Brusell, Euratom 1966, p. 345
- Björntorp P, Sjöström L: Carbohydrate storage in man: speculations and some quantitative considerations. Metabolism 27:1853–1865, 1978 | PubMed | ISI | ChemPort |
- Pedersen O: Studies of insulin receptor binding and insulin action in humans. Dan Med Bull 31:1–32, 1984
- Schmitz O, Hjøllund E, Alberti KGMM, Beck-Nielsen H: Assessment of insulin sensitivity in uremic patients on long-term hemodialysis therapy. Eur J Clin Invest, in press
- Gambhir KK, Archer JA, Nerurkar SG, Cruz IA, Sanders M: Erythrocyte insulin receptors in chronic renal failure. Nephron 28:4–10, 1981
- Milutinovic S, Breyer D, Jakovic M, Stefovic A, Molnar V, Mrzljak V, Rocic B: Improvement of insulin binding to erythrocyte insulin receptors in uraemia by haemodialysis. Proc Eur Dial Transplant Assoc 19:763–768, 1982
- Namikawa T, Namikawa T, Fukimoto S, Furuse A, Hattori S, Matsuda I, Nakahara C, Ito H: Insulin receptor of erythrocytes and glucose metabolism in uraemic children. Horm Metab Res 15:161–166 1983
- Ransom J, Garfinkel AS, Nikazy J, Schotz MC, Kurokawa K: Metabolic studies of adipose tissue in acute uremia. Metabolism 30:1165–1169, 1981
- Maloff BL, McCaleb ML, Lockwood DH: Cellular basis of insulin resistance in chronic uremia. Am J Physiol 245:E178–E184, 1983
- McCaleb ML, Mevorach R, Freeman RB, Izzo MS, Lockwood DH: Induction of insulin resistance in normal adipose tissue by uremic human serum. Kidney Int 25:416–421, 1984