Kidney International (1983) 23, 705–710; doi:10.1038/ki.1983.82
Role of urinary concentrating ability in the generation of toxic papillary necrosis
Sandra Sabatini1, Subbarayudu Koppera1, José Manaligod1, Jose A L Arruda1 and Neil A Kurtzman1
1Departments of Medicine and Pathology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois
Correspondence: Dr S Sabatini, Section of Nephrology, University of Illinois College of Medicine, 840 South Wood Street, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
Received 8 April 1982; Revised 30 September 1982.
Top of pageAbstract
Role of urinary concentrating ability in the generation of toxic papillary necrosis. We studied the pathogenesis of chemically induced papillary necrosis in six groups of rats. Papillary necrosis was produced by a single injection of 2-bromoethylamine hydrobromide (BEA), 50 mg, i.v.; the animals were followed for 7 to 10 days after the administration of the compound. Following BEA, heterozygous Brattleboro rats developed all the functional and morphologic lesions of papillary necrosis that we previously described in Sprague-Dawley rats. They were unable to maintain sodium balance when dietary sodium was withdrawn. Homozygous Brattleboro rats, on the other hand, developed none of the manifestations of papillary necrosis (that is, animals with central diabetes insipidus were protected completely from the nephrotoxic effects of BEA). They adapted normally to a zero sodium diet. Chronic administration of vasopressin to homozygous Brattleboro rats fully restored the toxic effects of BEA. Lowering urinary concentrating ability by inducing a water diuresis in Sprague-Dawley rats completely protected against BEA-induced papillary necrosis. Decreasing papillary solute concentration by furosemide or increasing urine flow after abrupt withdrawal of vasopressin to homozygous Brattleboro rats did not protect against BEA-induced papillary necrosis. We conclude that the combination, but not either alone, of increased urine flow and decreased papillary solute concentration protects against the development of BEA-induced papillary necrosis.
Rôle du pouvoir de concentration urinaire sur l'apparition d'une nécrose papillaire toxique. Nous avons étudié la physiopathologie d'une nécrose papillaire induite chimiquement chez six groupes de rats. La nécrose papillaire était produite par une injection unique de 2-bromoéthylamine hydrobromide (BEA), 50 mg, i.v.; les animaux étaient suivis pendant 7 à 10 jours après administration du produit. Après le BEA, des rats Brattleboro hétérozygotes ont développé toutes les lésions fonctionnelles et morphologiques d'une nécrose papillaire telles que nous les avions déjà décrites chez des rats Sprague-Dawley. Ils n'étaient pas capables d'assurer l'équilibre de la balance sodée lorsque le sodium alimentaire était supprimé. Par ailleurs, des rats Brattleboro homozygotes n'ont développé aucune des manifestations de nécrose papillaire (c'est-à-dire que les animaux ayant un diabète insipide central étaient complètement protégés des effets néphrotoxiques du BEA). Ils s'adaptaient normalement à un régime sans sodium. L'administration chronique de vasopressine à des rats Brattleboro homozygotes a totalement restauré l'effet toxique du BEA. Le fait d'abaisser la capacité de concentration des urines en induisant une diurèse aqueuse dans les rats Sprague-Dawley a complètement protégé contre la nécrose papillaire induite par le BEA. La diminution de la concentration de solutés papillaires par le furosémide ou l'augmentation du débit urinaire après arrêt brutal de la vasopressine chez des rats Brattleboro homozygotes ne protégeait pas contre la nécrose papillaire induite par le BEA. Nous concluons que la combinaison, mais non chaque facteur séparément, d'une augmentation du débit urinaire et d'une diminution de la concentration de solutés papillaires protègent contre le développement d'une nécrose papillaire induite par le BEA.
Top of pageReferences
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