Kidney International (1981) 20, 275–280; doi:10.1038/ki.1981.131
Development of anergy to delayed-type hypersensitivity antigens following renal allotransplantation
R D Guttmann1, J L Meakins1, D D Morehouse1 and C Milne1
1Transplantation Service, Royal Victoria Hospital and McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Correspondence: Dr R D Guttmann, Transplantation Service, Royal Victoria Hospital, 687 Pine Ave. W., Montreal, Quebec, Canada H3A 1A1
Received 25 August 1980; Revised 29 December 1980.
Top of pageAbstract
Development of anergy to delayed-type hypersensitivity antigens following renal allotransplantation. A study is reported of patients receiving 180 renal allotransplants and at risk for 1 or more years who had pretransplant and posttransplant skin tests using delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) recall antigens. Pretransplant skin testing revealed an incidence of 14% anergic patients prior to a first transplant, and 35% were anergic prior to a second allograft. There was a statistically significant correlation between pretransplant anergy and age, as well as a significant correlation between pretransplant anergy and time of dialysis-dependent uremia. The conversion to the anergic state post-transplant in those patients with surviving allografts increased annually for the first 5 years as a linear function, with 69% of the population at risk with their first transplant exhibiting anergy by 5 years. In those patients receiving second renal transplants, all were anergic by 4 years posttransplant. In vitro tests of lymphocyte function using mitogen stimulation did not reveal significant differences between anergic and responsive patients. In this series of 180 allografts there were 14 late deaths. Eleven of these were in anergic patients and in 10 instances were related to sepsis or malignancy. Three patients who were skin-test responsive at the time of death died from cardiovascular causes. It is concluded that there is an increasing risk of the development of anergy to DTH antigens posttransplant and that the type of late mortality may be marked by this hyporeactive state.
Développement de l'anergie aux antigènes d'hypersensibilité retardée après allotransplantation rénale. Cette étude est un rapport concernant des malades qui ont reçu 180 allotransplants, qui ont été exposés pendant un an ou plus et qui ont eu des tests cutanés avant et après transplantation avec des antigènes d'hypersensibilité retardée. Avant une première transplantation 14% des malades étaient anergiques et 35% après une seconde transplantation. Il y avait une corrélation statistiquement significative entre l'anergie avant transplantation et l'âge et une corrélation statistiquement significative entre l'anergie avant la transplantation et la durée d'urémie nécessitant la dialyse. Le passage à l'état anergique post-transplantation chez les malades dont les transplants étaient fonctionnels a augmenté annuellement pendant les cinq premières années comme une fonction linéaire, 69% de la population exposée transplantée pour la première fois étant anergique après 5 ans. Les malades transplantés pour la seconde fois étaient tous anergiques 4 ans après une transplantation. Les tests in vitro de fonction lymphocytaire utilisant la stimulation mitogène n'ont pas révélé de différences significatives entre les malades anergiques et les autres. Dans cette série de 180 transplantations il y a eu 14 morts tardives. Onze d'entre elles concernaient des malades anergiques et étaient liées dans 10 cas à des septicémies ou des néoplasies. Trois malades non anergiques sont morts d'affections cardio-vasculaires. Il est conclu qu'il y a un risque croissant de développement d'une anergie aux antigènes DTH après la transplantation et que la cause de la mortalité tardive peut être affectée par cet état hyporéactif.
Top of pageReferences
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