Laboratory Investigation

Kidney International (1979) 15, 534–541; doi:10.1038/ki.1979.68

Effect of various protein diets on growth, renal function, and survival of uremic rats

Claire Kleinknecht1, Isidro Salusky1, Michel Broyer1 and Marie-Claire Gubler1

1Unité de Recherches sur les Maladies du Métabolisme chez l'Enfant, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale, Unité 30, Hôpital Necker-Enfants Malades, Paris, France

Correspondence: Dr C Kleinknecht, INSERM Unité 30, Hôpital des Enfants-Malades, 149 rue de Sèvres, 75730 Paris, Cedex 15, France.

Received 25 April 1978; Revised 31 October 1978.

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Abstract

Effect of various protein diets on growth, renal function, and survival of uremic rats. The effects on growth, renal function, and survival of three isocaloric diets of various protein content (14, 27, and 37 g/100 g in diets I, II, and III, respectively) were compared in uremic rats and in controls. Diet I provided the minimal requirements in all amino acids for growing rats. In controls fed ad lib, weight and length gain were better with high protein diets, whereas they were inversely related to the diet protein content in uremic rats. The higher the protein intake, the higher the progressive elevation of BUN and serum creatinine and the mortality rate. Because proteins were supplied by fish flour, their increase was associated with increased mineral content, and the conclusions are restricted to the use of natural proteins: a moderately restricted protein diet securing only the minimal requirements had a beneficial effect on growth and survival of rats with reduced kidney mass. Avoiding any excess in proteins from the early stage of renal disease is suggested.

Effets de régimes variables en protéines sur la croissance, la fonction rénale, et la survie des rats en insuffisance rénale. Les effets sur la croissance, la fonction rénale et la survie de trois régimes isocaloriques I, II, et III, de teneur variable en protides (14, 27 et 37 g/100 g, respectivement) ont été étudiés chez des rats en insuffisance rénale et chez des témoins. Le régime I apportait le minimum nécessaire en chaque acide aminé pour assurer une croissance normale chez des rats normaux. Chez les témoins, la croissance en poids et en taille était d'autant meilleure que le régime était plus riche en protides. Chez les néphrectomisés au contraire, la croissance était d'autant plus ralentie que la teneur en protides du régime était plus élevée. De plus, chez les urémiques, l'élévation de l'urée et de la créatinine sanguines, et la mortalité par insuffisance rénale terminale étaient d'autant plus précoces que le régime était plus riche en protides. Les protides étant fournis par de la farine de poisson, leur augmentation était associée à une augmentation de la teneur en éléments minéraux. Les conclusions sont limitées à la teneur du régime en protéines naturelles, fournies par l'alimentation usuelle. Dans ces conditions, un régime limité en protides a permis une croissance normale et une survie prolongée. On peut supposer qu'une restriction protidique modérée serait bénéfique chez l'enfant dès qu'il existe une insuffisance rénale modérée.

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