1. ¹Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatal Medicine University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, KY, USA
2. ²Department of Bioinformatics and Biostatistics, University of Louisville School of Public Health and Information Sciences, Louisville, KY, USA
3. ³Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Kosair Children's Hospital, Louisville, KY, USA

Correspondence: Paula Radmacher, MS, Manager, Neonatal Nutrition Research, 511 S. Floyd St. Room 107 MDR, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292, USA

Abstract

BACKGROUND:Long-term growth failure in very very low birth weight (VVLBW) infants is a common complication of extreme prematurity. Critical illnesses create challenges to adequate nutriture.

PURPOSE:To identify predictors of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR) in VVLBW infants and to evaluate their nutritional intake and subsequent growth.

STUDY DESIGN: A 4-year retrospective chart review of 221 infants 1000 g birth weight and 29 weeks gestational age who were admitted within 24 hours of birth, were free of major congenital anomalies and survived at least 7 days. Daily intakes and anthropomorphic data were collected and analyzed. Significant events during hospitalization were documented.

RESULTS: Mean energy and protein intakes during hospitalization did not reach recommendations of 120 kcal/kg/d and 3.0 g/kg/day. In utero growth rates could not be consistently reached or sustained. As expected, BW (as measured by BW percentile score) was highly predictive of EUGR (p<0.001). When the independent effect of other predictors of EUGR was considered, only days of total parenteral nutrition (p<0.001) and HC percentile at return to birth weight (p<0.001) made a significant contribution to the prediction of EUGR, once the effect of BW was taken into account.