JID ABBREVIATIONS LIST

Standard Abbreviations

2D-PAGE

two-dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

A

alanine

ACTH

adrenocorticotropic hormone

ATCC

American-type culture collection

BrdU

5-bromodeoxyuridine

BSA

bovine serum albumin

cAMP

cyclic adenosine-mono-phosphate

CAT

chloramphenicol acetyltransferase

DMEM

Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium

DMSO

dimethyl sulfoxide

DNFB

2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene

E. coli

Escherichia coli

EDTA

ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid

EGFR

epidermal growth factor receptor

EGTA

ethylene glycol-bis (beta-amnioethyl ether)-N,N,N',N',-tetracetic acid

ELISA

enzymed-linked immunosorbant assay

FACS

luorescence-activated cell sorter

FITC

fluorescein isothiocyanate

GM-CSF

granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor

HIV

human immunodeficiency virus; HIV-1, HIV-2

HLA

human leukocyte antigen

HPLC

high-pressure liquid chromatography

ICAM

intracellular adhesion molecule

ICAM-1

intercellular adhesion molecule-1

IFN

interferon

IFN-alpha

interferon-alpha

IFN-gamma

interferon-gamma

Ig

immunoglobulin

IGF

insulin-like growth factor

IkB

inhibitor kappaB

IL

interleukin; IL-1, IL-2

IL-1a

interleukin-1alpha

IL-6

interleukin-6

IPsub3

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate

IRE

interferon response element

Jak

Janus kinase

K(m)

Mechelis-Menten constant

L

leucine

LOD

logarithm of the odds

mAb

monoclonal antibody

MEM Modified Eagle's Medium

mg

milligram

min

minute (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

ml

milliliter

mo

month (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

mtDNA

mitochondrial DNA

NF-kB

nuclear factor-kB

PCR

polymerase chain reaction

Rb

retinoblastoma tumor-suppressor gene

rpm

revolutions per minute

s

second (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

SDS

sodium dodecyl sulfate

SDS-PAGE

sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis

TCR

T cell receptor

TUNEL

TdT-mediated dNTP Nick end labeling

UC

ulcerative colitis

UV

ultraviolet

UVA

ultraviolet light A

UVR

ultraviolet radiation

V

valine

wk

week (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

Y

tyrosine

µg

microgram

µl

microliter

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Recommended Abbreviations

[Casup2+]

intracellular calcium concentration

2DE

two-dimensional gel electrophoresis

6-4PP

pyrimidine-pyrimidone (6-4) photoproducts

8-MOP

8-methoxypsoralen

AA

arachidonic acid

Ab

antibody

ACD

allergic contact dermatitis

AchR

acetylcholine receptor

AD

atopic dermatitis (= atopic eczema; AD is preferred)

aFGF

acidic fibroblast growth factor

Ag

antigen

AIF

apoptosis-inducing factor

Akt

acutely transforming retrovirus AKT8 in rodent T cell lymphoma

ALDH

aldehyde dehydrogenase

alpha-MSH

alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone

anti-TCR

anti-T-cell receptor

AP-1

activator protein-1

APC

antigen-presenting cell

AR

androgen receptor

AS-PCR

allele-specific polymerase chain reaction

ATRA

all-trans-retinoic acid

AU

arbitrary units

AUC

area under the curve

BCC

basal cell carcinoma

BCL

basal cell layer

BK

bradykinin

BM

basement membrane

BMP

bone morphogenic protein

BPS

Bart-Pumphrey syndrome

bsub2m

betasub2 microglobulin

CAM

chorioallantoic membrane

CD

contact dermatitis

CD

Crohn's disease

CDSN

corneodesmosin

CE

cornified envelope

CER

ceramide

cFN

cellular fibronectin

CHOL

cholesterol

CHS

contact hypersensitivity

CI

confidence interval

CK

creatine kinase

CM

conditioned medium

COMT

catechol-O-methyltransferase

COX-2

cyclooxygenase 2

CPD

cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers

cpm

counts per minute

CREB

CRE binding protein

CRH

corticotropin releasing hormone

CRT

creatine transporter

CsA

cyclosporine A

CTCL

cutaneous T cell lymphoma

CTGF

connective tissue growth factor

CTL

cytotoxic T lymphocyte

CTSL

cysteine protease cathepsin L

D

aspartic acid

d

day (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

DAG

diacylglycerol

DC

dendritic cells

DCT

dopachrome tautomerase

DD

death domain

DED

de-epidermized dermis

DEJ

dermal-epidermal junction

DELM

digital epiluminescence microscopy

DHA

docoahexaenoic acid

DHEA

dehydroepiandrosterone

DHI

dihydroxyindole

DHICA

dihydroxyindole carboxylic acid

DHT

dihydrotestosterone

DIG

digoxigenin

DM

desmoplastic melanoma

DMBA

7,12-dimethylbenz[a]anthracene

DP

dermal papilla

DSAP

disseminated superficial actinic porokeratosis

DSG

desmoglein

DSP

disseminated superficial porokeratosis

DTH

delayed type hypersensitivity

DZ

dizygous

EB

epidermolysis bullosa

EB-MD

EB with muscular dystrophy

EB-PA

EB with pyloric atresia

EBS

epidermolysis simplex bullosa

EBV

Epstein-Barr virus

ECM

extracellular matrix

ED

ectodermal dysplasia

EDS

Ehlers-Danlos Syndrome

EH

epidermolytic hyperkeratosis

EKV

erythrokeratodermia variabilis

EL

extracellular loops

EMSA

electrophoretic mobility shift assay

EPA

eicosapentaenoic acid

EPP

erythropoietic protoporphyria

EPR

electron paramagnetic resonance

EPU

epidermal proliferative unit

ER

endoplasmic reticulum

ERK

extracellular signal-regulated kinase

EST

expressed sequence tag

ET

endothelin

ET-1

endothelin-1

ET-3

endothelin-3

ETA

exfoliative toxin

FA

fatty acid

FADD

Fas-associated death domain protein

FALDH

fatty aldehyde dehydrogenase

FAME

fatty acid methyl esters

Fas-L

Fas ligand

FCS

fetal calf serum

FES

fluorescence excitation spectroscopy

FFA

free fatty acid

FLIP

FLICE inhibitory protein

FN

fibronectin

FS

fogo selvagem

g

gram

GAPDH

glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase

GF

growth factor

GlcCer

glucosylceramide

GlcCer'ase

glucosylceramide-beta-glucosidase

gp100

glycoprotein 100>

GPCR

G-protein coupled receptors

GR

glycyrrhizin

GTP

guanosine triphosphate

GVHD

graft-versus-host disease

h

hour (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

H&E

hematoxylin & eosin

HA

Hyaluronate

HABC

hyaluronan binding complex

HaCaT cells

HAS

hyaluronate synthase

HD

hemidesmosome

HDF

human dermal fibroblast

HEK

human embryonic kidney

HERV-K

human endogenous retrovirus-K

HF

hair follicle

HFF

primary human foreskin fibroblast

HGF

hepatocyte growth factor

HHD

Hailey-Hailey disease

HJEB

Herlitz junctional epidermolysis bullosa

HK

human keratinocyte

HKF

primary human foreskin keratinocyte

HMW-MAA

high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen

HPS

Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome

HPTLC

high-performance thin-layer chromatography

HRP

horseradish peroxidase

HSC

hematopoeitic stem cell

HSP

heat shock protein

HUDEC

human dermal endothelial cells

HUVEC

human umbilical vein endothelial cells

IAP

inhibitor of apoptosis

IBD

inflammatory bowel disease

ICL

interstrand cross-linked

IF

immunofluorescence

IF

intermediate filament

iNOS

inducible nitric oxide synthase

IPF

immune protection factor

IPsub3R

inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptor

IR

infrared

IRS

inner root sheath

JEB

junctional EB

JNK

c-Jun N-terminal kinase

K

keratin (if used with a number, such as K17 for keratin 17, but not K alone)

KC

keratinocyte

KCM

keratinocyte-conditioned medium

KGF

keratinocyte growth factor

KGM-2

keratinocyte grown medium-2

KLK

kallikrein

KSC

keratinocyte stem cell

KSFM

keratinocyte serum-free medium

LB

lamellar bodies

LBK

Lys-bradykinin

LC

Langerhans cells

LC

liquid chromatography

LEKTI

lympho-epithelial Kazal-type-related inhibitor

LFA

lymphocyte function-associated protein

LFA-1

lymphocyte function-associated antigen-1

lower case I.v.

intravenous

LOXL

lysyl oxidase-like

LPA

lysophosphatidic acid

LPP

long periodicity phase

LPS

lipopolysaccharide

LRC

label retaining cell

Ltbp1

latent TGFbeta-binding protein 1

LVV

lentiviral vectors

MAP

microtubule associated protein

MAP

mitogen-activated protein

MAPK

mitogen-activated protein kinase

MC

mast cells

MCAM

melanoma cell adhesion molecule

MCP-1

monocyte chemotactic protein-1

MCSP

melanoma chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan

MDR

multiple-drug resistance

MED

minimal erythema dose

MEK

MAPK/ERK kinase

MEKK-1

MAPK kinase kinase-1

Mel-CAM

melanoma cell-adhesion molecule

MHC I, II

major histocompatability complex I, II

MIF

macrophage migration inhibitory factor

MITF

microphthalmia-associated transcription factor

MMP

matrix metalloproteinase

MS

mass spectometry

MSH

melanocyte stimulating hormone

MT

microtubule

MZ

monozygous

NAC

N-acetyl cysteine

NER

nucleotide excision repair

NF

neurofilament

NGF

nerve growth factor

NGFR

nerve growth factor receptor

NHEK

normal human epidermal keratinocytes

NHK

normal human keratinocytes

NHM

normal human melanocytes

NMSC

non-melanoma skin cancer

NS

Netherton syndrome

OA

oleic acid

OCA

oculo-cutaneous albinism

OR

odds ratio

ORS

outer root sheath

OSM

oncostatin M

PA

pili annulati

PA

psoriatic arthritis

PAD

peptidylarginine deiminase

PAH

phenylalanine hydroxylase

PAR

protease-activated receptor

PAR2

protease-activated receptor 2

PARsub2

proteinase-activated receptor-2

PAS

periodic acid schiff

PASI

psoriasis area and severity index

PB

phosphate buffer

PBL

peripheral blood lymphocytes

PBMC

peripheral blood mononuclear cells

PBS

phosphate buffered saline

PCNA

proliferating cell nuclear antigen

PCr

phosphocreatine

PCT

porphyria cutanea tarda

PDGF

platelet-derived growth factor

PDI

protein disulfide isomerase

PE

phycoerythrin

PF

pemphigus foliaceus

PGEsub2

prostaglandin Esub2

P-gp

P-glycoprotein

PKA

protein kinase A

PKB/Akt

protein kinase B

PKC

protein kinase C

Plsub3

phosphaditylinositol 3

PMA

phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate

P-MAPK

phosphorylated MAPK

pNPP

p-nitrophenyl phosphate

Poly(IC)

polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid

PP

peroxisome proliferator

PPAR

PP activated receptor

PPK

palmoplantar keratoderma

PPP

pustulosis palmoplantaris

ppRb

hyperphosphorylated Rb

PTK

protein tyrosine kinase

PTX

pertussis toxin

PUFA

polyunsaturated fatty acid

PUVA

psoralen plus ultraviolet light A

PV

psoriasis vulgarisv

QPCR

quantitative reverse transcriptase in real-time

QRT-PCR

quantitative real-time RT-PCR

RA

retinoic acid

RAL

retinaldehyde

RAR

retinoic acid receptor

RARE

retinoic acid-responsive element

RBD

Ras-binding domain

RDEB

recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa

REK

rat epidermal keratinocyte

RFC

replication factor C

RGP

radial growth phase

ROS

reactive oxygen species

RSK

ribosomal S6 kinase

RT

room temperature

SAPK

stress-activated protein kinase

SC

stem cell

SCC

squamous cell carcinoma

SCF

stem cell factor

SD

standard deviation

SD

seborrheic dermatitis

SE

skin equivalent

SE

standard error

SED

standard erythemal dose

sFas-L

soluble Fas ligand

SFM

serum-free medium

SG

stratum granulosum

siRNA

small interfering RNA

SIV

simian immunodeficiency virus

SK

seborrheic keratoses

SPF

sun protection factor

SPINK5

serine protease inhibitor Kazal-type 5

sPLAsub2

secreted phospholipase Asub2

SS

stratum spinosum

SSc

systemic sclerosis

SSH

suppression substractive hybridization

STI

soybean trypsin inhibitor

SV40

simian virus 40

TAC

transit amplifying cell

TACE

TNF-alpha converting enzyme

TBS Tris-buffered saline

TCDD

2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin

TEM

transmission electron microscopy

TEN

toxic epidermal necrolysis

TEWL

transepidermal water loss

TIMP

tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase

TIMP-3

tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3

T-MAPK

total MAPK

TNF

tumor necrosis factor

TNF-a

tumor necrosis factor-alpha

TPA

D12-O-tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate

TRAIL

tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand

TRAIL-R

tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand-receptor

TT

tetanus toxoid

VEGF

vascular endothelial growth factor

VEGFR

vascular endothelial growth factor receptor

VGP

vertical growth phase

WW

wet weight

XAF1

XIAP-associated factor 1

XIAP

X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis

XP

xeroderma pigmentosum

y

year (abbreviation may be used in tables, not text)

YFP

yellow fluorescent protein